共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
九宫山自然保护区植被及其特征的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
九宫山自然保护区位于中国中亚热带向北热带过渡区,植被构成以森林植被为主。通过调查和分析,将九宫山自然保护区植被划分为5个植被型组,11个植被型,32个群系。九宫山自然保护区的种子植物区系分布中温带性质和热带性质的属分别为384和302属;植被类型中主要森林植的构成为:暖温性、温性和寒温性针叶林群系数目依次是1、1、0,常绿阔叶林、落叶常绿阔叶混交林和落叶阔叶林群系数目分别为3、7、7;森林植被中落叶常绿阔叶混交林的分布面积最大。与井冈山自然保护区、庐山、后河自然保护区、清凉峰自然保护区、神农架自然保护区以及董寨鸟类自然保护区等地植被相关特征的比较分析表明,该区植被种子植物的主要组成种类以及森林植被类型和分布等具有明显的地带性过渡特性。 相似文献
5.
A vegetation map of The Netherlands,based on the relationship between ecotopes and types of potential natural vegetation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. H. P. Stumpel J. T. R. Kalkhoven Leersum S. E. Stumpel-Rienks E. van der Maarel 《Plant Ecology》1978,37(3):163-173
Summary The method of mapping the vegetation on scale 1: 200,000 and the starting points in relation to the potential natural vegetation and ecotopes, are discussed.In view of the planological background of this study, some restrictions have been added to the concept of potential natural vegetation, concerning the period of development and the human influence.The relationship between soil, ground water and vegetation was studied, which resulted in the map of the potential natural vegetation.Each type of potential natural vegetation stands for a series of vegetation types on the same site. Seven main series, with a number of sub-series are distinguished. Within each vegetation series the plant communities have been spread over five groups, according to their structure and naturalness.Ecotopes and ecotope complexes are considered as landscape ecological units. A list of ecotopes was obtained by interpreting topographical maps and by inventory data.The actual vegetation was mapped by estimating the size of the ecotopes within the separate areas. It was expressed in a five figure code for the five groups from the vegetation and ecotopes is combined into the vegetation map of The Netherlands.Interpretation problems, some of them specific for The Netherlands, are discussed and some remarks are made on the necessity of further research.Contribution to the Symposium on Plant Species and Plant Communities, held at Nijmegen, 11–12 November 1976, on the occasion of the 60th birthday of Professor Victor Westhoff.Nomenclature follows Heukels-van Ooststroom, Flora van Nederland, 18e druk, 1975, Wolters-Noordhoff, Groningen; nomenclature of syntaxa follows Westhoff & den Held (1969) 相似文献
6.
中国森林生态系统的植物碳储量和碳密度研究 总被引:221,自引:8,他引:213
提高森林生态系统C贮量的估算精度,对于研究森林生态系统向大气吸收和排放含C气体量具有重大意义.中国的森林生态系统植物C贮量的研究刚刚开始,由于估算方法问题,不同估算结果存在着较大的差异.本研究以各林龄级森林类型为统计单元,得出中国森林生态系统的植物C贮量为3.26~3.73Pg,占全球的0.6~0.7%;各森林类型和省市间有较大的差异.森林生态系统植物C密度在各森林类型间差异比较大,介于6.47~118.14Mg·hm-2,并且有从东南向北和西增加的趋势.这种分布规律与我国人口密度的变化趋势正好相反,两者有一种对数关系.这说明我国实际森林植物C密度大小首先取决于人类活动干扰的程度. 相似文献
7.
The main vegetation types and distributional characteristics in the Qilian Mountain region were studies. It is shown that characteristic of the Vegetation is evidanced by eeo-geography marginal effect and plateau zone law. The vegetation of this region is affected considerably by the vegetation around the Qilian Mountain region, but is advantageous for all kinds of alpine vegetations, and has an evident similarity and an extensive unanimity with those of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. On the other hand, the vegetation of the area has its specificity difference with the plateau plane. So, the authors consider to classify the Qilian Mountain region as the secondary unit of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau vegetation region. 相似文献
8.
Alessandro Chiarucci Miguel B. Araújo Guillaume Decocq Carl Beierkuhnlein José María Fernández‐Palacios 《植被学杂志》2010,21(6):1172-1178
We discuss the usefulness of the concept of Potential Natural Vegetation (PNV), which describes the expected state of mature vegetation in the absence of human intervention. We argue that it is impossible to model PNV because of (i) the methodological problems associated to its definition and (ii) the issues related to the ecosystems dynamics.We conclude that the approach to characterizing PNV is unrealistic and provides scenarios with limited predictive power. In places with a long‐term human history, interpretations of PNV need to be very cautious, and explicit acknowledgement made of the limitations inherent in available data. 相似文献
9.
Question: Is it possible to translate vegetation maps into reliable thematic maps of site conditions? Method: This paper presents a new method, called Iteratio, by which a coherent spatial overview of specific environmental conditions can be obtained from a comprehensive vegetation survey of a specific area. Iteratio is a database application which calculates environmental indicator values for vegetation samples (relevés) on the basis of known indicator values of a limited number of plant species. The outcome is then linked to a digitalized vegetation map (map of plant communities) which results in a spatial overview of site conditions. Iteratio requires the indicator values of a minimum of 10–20% of the species occurring. The species are given a relative weight according to their amplitudes: species with a narrow range are weighted stronger, species with a broad range are weighted weaker. Conclusion: The method presented here enables a coherent assessment of site conditions on the basis of a vegetation survey and the indicator values of a limited number of plant species. 相似文献
10.
11.
依据龙门河地区所处位置的植被地理分布规律性 ,绘制了该地区 1∶50 0 0 0的植被复原图。并在野外调查、资料搜集的基础上 ,辅以全球定位系统 (GPS)、GIS软件及TM影像数据 ,绘制了该地区 1∶50 0 0 0的植被类型图。结果表明 :1 )植被海拔分布由低至高依次为常绿阔叶林 (海拔 90 0m以下 ) ,硬叶常绿阔叶林 (海拔 90 0~ 1 30 0m)、常绿落叶阔叶混交林 (海拔 1 30 0~ 1 60 0m)以及落叶阔叶林 (海拔 1 60 0~ 2 2 0 0m)。 2 )龙门河地区林地面积 441 9.2hm2 ,占该地区总面积的 93 .71 % ,共计 8个植被型 65个群系。其中常绿落叶阔叶混交林面积最大 ,为 1 674.0 9hm2 ,占林地面积的 37.88%。另外 ,果园 (3种类型 )和农田两种农业用地面积 2 2 8.1 2hm2 ,占总面积的 4 .84%。 3)由植被复原图与现状植被类型图叠加分析可知 ,干扰后增加了针叶林、针阔混交林、灌丛、草地 4种植被类型 ,占龙门河地区总面积的 34 .6 %。其中针阔混交林所占面积最大 ,996 .79hm2 。 相似文献
12.
论滇南西双版纳的森林植被分类 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文基于多年研究成果的总结,对西双版纳森林植被的分类、主要植被类型及其特征进行了系统归纳,并讨论了它们与世界类似热带森林植被的关系。以群落的生态外貌与结构、种类组成和生境特征相结合作为植被分类的原则和依据,可以将西双版纳的热带森林植被分类为热带雨林、热带季节性湿润林、热带季雨林和热带山地常绿阔叶林四个主要的植被型,包括有至少二十个群系。热带雨林包括热带季节雨林和热带山地(低山)雨林二个植被亚型。热带季节雨林具有与赤道低地热带雨林几乎一样的群落结构和生态外貌特征,是亚洲热带雨林的一个类型,但由于发生在季风热带北缘纬度和海拔的极限条件下,受到季节性干旱和热量不足的影响,在其林冠层中有一定比例的落叶树种存在,大高位芽植物和附生植物较逊色而藤本植物和在叶级谱上的小叶型植物更丰富,这些特征又有别于赤道低地的热带雨林。热带山地雨林是热带雨林的山地亚型,是该地区热带山地较湿润生境的一种森林类型,它在植物区系组成和生态外貌特征上类似于热带亚洲的低山雨林,隶属于广义热带雨林植被型下的低山雨林亚型。热带季节性湿润林分布在石灰岩山坡中、上部,在群落外貌上类似热带山地常绿阔叶林但在植物区系组成上与后者不同,它是石灰岩山地垂直带上的一种植被类型。热带季雨林是分布在该地区开阔河谷盆地及河岸受季风影响强烈的生境的一种热带落叶森林,是介于热带雨林与萨王纳之间的植被类型。热带山地常绿阔叶林(季风常绿阔叶林)是西双版纳的主要山地植被类型,它分布在热带季节雨林带之上偏干的山地生境。它在植物区系组成上不同于该地区的热带季节雨林,在生态外貌特征上亦不同于热带山地雨林,是发育在受地区性季风气候强烈影响的热带山地的一种森林植被类型。 相似文献
13.
中国森林生态系统的植物碳储量和碳密度研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
提高森林生态系统C贮量的估算精度,对于研究森林生态系统向大气吸收和排放含C气体量具有重大意义.中国的森林生态系统植物C贮量的研究刚刚开始,由于估算方法问题,不同估算结果存在着较大的差异.本研究以各林龄级森林类型为统计单元,得出中国森林生态系统的植物C贮量为3.26~3.73Pg,占全球的0.6~0.7%;各森林类型和省市间有较大的差异.森林生态系统植物C密度在各森林类型间差异比较大,介于6.47~118.14Mg·hm-2,并且有从东南向北和西增加的趋势.这种分布规律与我国人口密度的变化趋势正好相反,两者有一种对数关系.这说明我国实际森林植物C密度大小首先取决于人类活动干扰的程度. 相似文献
14.
Studies on ecosystem service function have an important significance for analyzing and understanding global warming. With the introduction of geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) technologies for the evaluation of ecosystem service function, the scope for analysis has been widening. Increasing number of researchers use these technologies to quantify the value of ecosystem service functions and reveal their spatial-temporal variability. By using the data for the interpretation of five RS images and net primary productivity (NPP) in Qinghai Lake basin, we assessed the value of vegetation carbon fixation and oxygen release services and revealed their dynamic variation in this basin. The result suggested that the average values of vegetation carbon fixation and oxygen release services in Qinghai Lake basin between 1987 and 2010 were spatially distributed in a ring shape around the Qinghai Lake and decreased from southeastern to the north and northwestern regions; the northwestern areas had the lowest value. The vegetation carbon fixation value between 1987 and 2010 was on an average 28.87 × 108 yuan/a in Qinghai Lake basin, whereas the oxygen release value was 64.41 × 108 yuan/a. Alpine meadow ecosystem showed the highest value of vegetation carbon fixation and oxygen release services function in Qinghai Lake basin, with average values of 18.28 × 108 yuan/a and 40.79 × 108 yuan/a, respectively, followed by those of temperate steppe and sparse vegetation. The vegetation carbon fixation and oxygen release values in Qinghai Lake basin gradually increased from 1987 to 2010, with the maximum value in 2010. By the end of 2010, the values increased by 7.19 × 108 yuan and 16.04 × 108 yuan, respectively. The values slightly decreased in barren land, lakeside marsh, river valley swamp, and sandy areas, but increased to different degrees in other ecosystems. Among them, the largest increase was noted in alpine meadow (4.38 × 108 yuan and 9.78 × 108 yuan, respectively), followed by those in temperate steppe with increased values of 1.12 × 108 yuan and 2.49 × 108 yuan, respectively. 相似文献
15.
16.
ZHU Hua 《Plant Diversity》2007,29(4):377-387
Xishuangbanna of southern Yunnan is a region of extremely interest to biologists and also a hotspot for biodiversity conservation . It is located in a transitional zone from tropical Southeast Asia to temperate East Asia biogeographically. The present paper reviewed vegetation types of Xishuangbanna and suggested a revised classification system based on theupdated study results over the last two decades . By combining physiognomic and floristic characteristics with ecological performances and habitats , the primary forest vegetation in Xishuangbanna can be organized into four main vegetation types: tropical rain forest, tropical seasonal moist forest, tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest and tropical monsoon forest. The tropical rain forest can be classified into two subtypes , i. e. tropical seasonal rain forest in the lowlands and tropical montane rain forest on higher elevations. The tropical seasonal rain forest in this region shows similar forest profile and physiognomic characteristics to those of equatorial lowland rain forests and is a type of world tropical rain forest. Because of conspicuous similarity on floristic composition , the tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna is a type of tropical Asian rain forest . However , since the tropical seasonal rain forest occurs at the northern edge of tropical SE Asia, it differs from typical lowland rain forests in equatorial areas in maintaining some deciduous trees in the canopy layer , fewer megaphanerophytes and epiphytes but more abundant lianas and more plants with microphyll . It is a type of semi-evergreen rain forest at the northern edge of the tropical zone . The tropical montane rain forest occurs in wet montane habitats and is similar to the lower montane rain forests in equatorial Asia in floristic composition and physiognomy . It is a variety of lower montane rain forests at the northern tropical edges of tropical rain forests . The tropical seasonal moist forest occurs on middle and upper limestone mountains and is similar to the tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest of the region in physiognomy, but it differs from the latter in floristic composition. The monsoon forest in Xishuangbanna is a tropical deciduous forest under the influence of a strong monsoon climate and is considered to be a transitional vegetation type between tropical rain forest and savanna in physiognomy and distribution. The tropical montane evergreen broad- leaved forest is the main vegetation type in mountain areas . It is dominated by the tree species of Fagaceae , Euphorbiaceae , Theaceae and Lauraceae in majority. It differs from the tropical montane rain forests in lack of epiphytes and having more abundant lianas and plants with compound leaves . It is considered to be a distinct vegetation type in the northern margin of mainland southeastern Asia controlling by a strong monsoon climate, based on its floristic and physiognomic characteristics. 相似文献
17.
18.
清澜红树林保护区位于海南岛东北部文昌市境内,为全面了解其植物多样性,对其各类植被进行了调查。共记录到维管植物172种,隶属于62科148属。其中真红树植物24种,占全省真红树(26种)的92.31%,占全国(28种)的85.71%,占全世界(86种)的27.91%;在4040 m2样地内,共记录到高度1.5 m以上的红树植物29种3670株,其中重要值最高的为海桑Sonneratis caseolaris,其次是海莲Bruguiera sexangula,两者重要值依次是12.90和12.33;但在个体数量上,角果木Ceriops tagal和红海榄Rhizophora stylosa占优势。清澜港红树林保护区自然植被具体划分为1个植被类型组、1个植被类型、2个群系组和12个群系。经过19年的演变,木榄Bruguiera gymnorrhiza和水椰Nypa fruticans群落消失,瓶花木Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea群落也破碎成零星分布,新出现了木果楝Xylocarpus granatum群落,其他如海桑Sonneratia caseolaris等群落则继续保持稳定,变化很小。 相似文献
19.
西双版纳是世界生物学多样性保护的关键和热点地区,倍受国际学术界的关注。笔者依据30多年来对西双版纳植被的调查,结合植物群落生态学与植物区系地理学研究,并参考世界类似热带植被的研究成果,对西双版纳植被的分类、物种组成、群落生态表现和植物区系特征等作了系统探讨,还进一步分析比较了其与世界类似热带森林植被的关系。结果显示,西双版纳的森林植被共包括32个较为典型的群系,且分属于7个主要的植被型,即热带雨林、热带季节性湿润林、热带季雨林、热带山地(低山)常绿阔叶林、热带棕榈林、暖热性针叶林和竹林。本文对西双版纳植被进行的全面记录和系统归纳,可为科学研究、生物多样性保护和自然保护区的管理提供参考。 相似文献
20.
Results of pollenanalytical investigations in the Highlands of Mexico (area of Puebla — Tlaxcala) are presented together with a survey of the last 35 000 years of vegetation history. After 3 pine periods from 35 000 to about 7 000–8 000 B. P., according to high and late Pleistocene condition, the Holocene vegetation history becomes more diversified: periods of alder, pine, fir and mixed oak forests alternate and end in a period of cultivated landscape. 相似文献