New taxa of Kalyptorhynchia (Platyhelminthes) from the N. American Pacific coast

From the N. American Pacific coast the following new kalyptorhynchian taxa are described: Cicerinabicirrata, Cicerina triangularis, Placorhynchus pacificus, Uncinorhynchus pacificus, Proschizorhynchella lingulata, Proschizorhynchella inflata, Proschizorhynchella schilkei, Schizochilus hoxholdi, Paraschizorhynchoides glandulis Schilke subsp. hopkinsi, Cheliplana californica and Cheliplana elkhornica . The taxonomy of the species is discusscd and supplementary remarks arc made on some species from other areas.     

Palaearctic species of the ichneumon-fly genus Campodorus Förster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae): III. Species with long-haired ovipositor sheath, species with entirely rufous hind tibia, and species with white-banded tibiae

A complex of about 40 Palaearctic species of the genus Campodorus with long haired ovipositor sheath and with entirely rufous or white-banded hind tibia is considered and keyed. Twenty-one new species are described. The species with the pale rufous hind tibia have black hind coxa and trochanters, most of them also have rather long genae and scabrous mesopleura. The majority of these species are distributed in subarctic Siberia: C. yakutator sp. n., C. minutor sp. n., C. arctor sp. n., C. atripes sp. n., C. pequenitor sp. n., C. mordax sp. n., C. lucidator sp. n., C. subarctor sp. n., C. nikandrovskii sp. n., and C. genator sp. n. C. suomi sp. n. is described from northern Finland, C. labytnangi sp. n., from Kola Peninsula, the Polar Ural, and Transbaikalia, and only C. gallicator sp. n., from France (? Alps). The species with a white band on the hind tibia are mostly boreal; most of them have red coxae and trochanters (except for C. sakhalinator sp. n. and C. taigator sp. n.), rather short genae, and granulate mesopleura. In this group, eight new species are described: C. atrofemorator sp. n., C. barbator sp. n., C. sakhalinator sp. n. (all from the southern part of the Russian Far East), C. taigator sp. n. (southern Siberian), C. ciliator sp. n., C. melanopygus sp. n., C. marginator sp. n., and C. boreator sp. n. (European-Siberian).     

Pipunculidae (Diptera) from Papua New Guinea: the genera Cephalosphaera, Cephalops and Beckerias

Seven new pipunculid species are described from Papua New Guinea: Cephalosphaera gymne sp.n., C. immodica sp.n. C. wauensis sp.n., Cephalops bifidus sp.n., C. multidenticulatus sp.n., C. papuaensis sp.n., and C. parmatus sp.n. Cephalops argutus (Hardy) is considered as a true Beckerias sp. and thus placed in a new combination: Beckerias argutus. The phylogenetic relationship of the new species is shortly discussed.     

A Light and Electron Microscopical Investigation of Loricate Choanoflagellates (Choanoflagellida, Acanthoecidae) from the Andaman Sea, SW Thailand and Denmark: Species of Cosmoeca gen. n.

The choanoflagellate genus Cosmoeca gen.n. is characterized by a very regular arrangement of rod-shaped costal strips, forming 9–12 longitudinal costae (each composed of 34 costal strips) and 2–3 transverse costae. Anteriorly the longitudinal costae attach the transverse costae at the joints between neighbouring transverse costal strips. Five species of Cosmoeca are described: norvegica sp.n. (type species; previously referred to as sp. "N"), C. ventricosa sp.n., (C. phuketensis sp.n., C. subulata sp.n. and C. ceratophora sp.n. Cosmoece ventricosa sp.n. is obviously part of from complex, the extent of which has not yet been fully explained. In this paper, three groups of specimens clearly related to C. ventricosa sp.n. are illustrated and briefly described ( C. ventricosa forms A. B, C). Form A appears to be identical to Pleurasiga orculaeformis Schiller, 1925, sensu Leadbeater.     

Five new species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) of the Nansei Islands.

Five new species of Culicoides of the Nansei Islands are described: C. sasai sp.n. from Amami-oshima Is., C. toshiokai sp.n. from Ishigaki Is., C. iriomotensis sp.n. from Iriomote Is., C. flavipunctatus sp.n. from Yonaguni Is., and C. yaeyamaensis sp.n. from the latter three islands. C. toshiokai sp.n. and C. iriomotensis sp.n. are tree-hole breeders, such as C. dendrophilus Amosova, which is common in similar habitats extending from Okinawa to Honshu.     

Revision of the subgenus Ceratitis (Pardalaspis) Bezzi, 1918 (Diptera, Tephritidae, Ceratitini)

Abstract. The fruit fly genus Ceratitis (Diptera: Tephritidae) comprises several important pest species attacking a wide range of unrelated fruits. In this paper the subgenus Ceratitis ( Pardalaspis ) Bezzi is revised. Ten species are recognized of which five are described as new: C.(P.)hamata sp.n., C.(P.)munroi sp.n., C.(P.)serrata sp.n., C.(P.)semipunctata sp.n. and C.(P.)zairensis sp.n. A key to both sexes is provided. All species are restricted to the Afrotropical Region and distributional and known host plant data are given.     

Phylogenetic revision of the Charis cleonus complex (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)

Abstract.  A revision of the Charis cleonus group of Neotropical riodinid butterflies is presented, including discussions on the taxonomy, biogeography and biology of its species, and illustrations of the adults and male and female genitalia (where known) of all taxa. We recognize twenty-two species, including nineteen new species: C. ariquemes sp.n., C. brasilia sp.n., C. breves sp.n., C. cacaulandia sp.n., C. cuiaba sp.n., C. humaita sp.n., C. ipiranga sp.n., C. iquitos sp.n., C. ma sp.n., C. manicore sp.n., C. manu sp.n., C. matic sp.n., C. maues sp.n., C. negro sp.n., C. palcazu sp.n., C. rocana sp.n., C. santarem sp.n., C. tapajos sp.n and C. tefe sp.n. A cladistic analysis using thirty-six characters of male and female genitalia and external facies generated a single most parsimonious cladogram highlighting the existence of two clades, the major and cleonus subgroups. As each species largely occupies a parapatric range, this cladogram provides the opportunity to reassess historical relationships among areas of endemism in the Amazon basin.     

Taxonomic Studies of Phallodrilinae (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae) from the Great Barrier Reef and the Comoro Islands with Descriptions of Ten New Species and One New Genus

A taxonomic and morphological account of a collection of Phallodrilinae from coralline sands at Heron Island in Australia's Great Barrier Reef is given. Ten new forms are described: Jamiesoniella athecata gen. et sp.n. Phallodrilus rectisetosus heronensis subsp.n. P. geniculatus sp.n. P. filithecatus sp.n. P. clavatus sp.n. (latter three all devoid of an alimentary canal), Bathydrilus superiovasatus sp.n. Coralliodrilus atriobifidus sp.n. C. oviatriatus sp.n. C. parvigenitalis sp.n. and the gutless C. avisceralis sp.n. Morphological notes are given for Phallodrilus albidus Jamieson, 1977 and Bathydrilus rohdei (Jamieson, 1977). The new meiobenthic genus Jamiesoniella is characterized by having simple atria with only one pair of prostate glands, which are attached to ectal parts of atria, and by lacking spermathecae and penial setae, The genus is probably related to Aktedrilus Knöllner and Bacescuella Hrabě. A gutless species, Phallodrilus comorensis sp.n. is described from the Comoro Islands in the Mozambique Channel (W Indian Ocean).     

New species of Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960 (Monogenea,Ancyrocephalidae) from the gills of Sarotherodon occidentalis (Daget) (Osteichthyes,Cichlidae) in Guinea and Sierra Leone (West Africa)

The examination of gill parasites from èSarotherodon occidentalisè (Daget) (Pisces, Cichlidae) in Guinea and Sierra Leone (West Africa) revealed the presence of seven species of Monogenea. Two of them have previously been described: ichlidogyrus halli; (Price & Kirk, 1967) and Scutogyrus ecoutini Pariselle & Euzet, 1995. Five are considered as new species, all belonging to Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960. They are C. bouvii n. sp., C. fontanai n. sp., C. guirali n. sp., C. paganoi n. sp. and C. sanjeani n. sp.Résumé L'examen des parasites branchiaux de Sarotherodon occidentalis (Daget) (Pisces, Cichlidae) en Guinée et en Sierra Leone (Afrique de l'Ouest) a révélé la présence de sept espèces de Monogènes. Deux ont déjàè été décrites: Cichlidogyrus halli (Price & Kirk, 1967) et Scutogyrus ecoutini Pariselle & Euzet, 1995. Cinq, appartenant toutes au genre Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960, sont considérées comme nouvelles, C. bouvii n. sp., C. fontanai n. sp., C. guirali n. sp., C. paganoi n. sp. et C. sanjeani n. sp.     

New species of Choleoeimeria (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae), coccidia of bile-bladders of reptiles, illustrating a multiplicity of host cell-parasite interrelations

Oocyst characteristics and histological features of the endogenous development of bile-bladder coccidia of the genus Choleoeimeria Paperna and Landsberg, 1989 are described and the main features for species differentiation are discussed for the following new species: C. allogamae n. sp. from Agama sp., Cameroon, West Africa; C. allogehyrae n. sp. from Gehyra australis, Magnetic Island (type) and mainland N Queensland, Australia; C. boulii n. sp. from Gehyra variegata, SW Queensland, Australia; C. calotesi n. sp. from Calotes mystaceus, Xiang-Mai, Thailand; C. heteronotis n. sp. from Heteronotia binoei, N Queensland, Australia; C. lygosomis n. sp. from Lygosoma buringi, Kon-Kaen, Thailand; C. sylvatica n. sp. from Carlia rhomboidalis, N Queensland, Australia, and C. xiangmaii n. sp. from Hemidactylus frenatus, Xiang-Mai, Thailand. Oocyst characteristic of Choleoeimeria are also reported from Oedura castelnaui, N Queensland. The described species demonstrate a diversity of associations with the bile-bladder epithelial lining, from a single parasite in a single hypertrophic host cell to multiple infections inducing the hypertrophied cells to form stratified layers, or merge into branched clumps.     

Taxonomy of European species of Cassagnaudiella and Bourletiella (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)

The taxonomy of the European members of Cassagnaudiella and Bourletiella (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae) is reviewed. The subgenus Cassagnaudiella Ellis, 197.5 is raised to generic rank with a new definition. Specimens earlier considered to represent a transformed form of Bourletiella radula Gisin, 1946 are referred to Cassagnaudiella , and the application of 'phenotypic neutralization' within the group is Considered erroneous. Four Bourletiella species and six Cassagnaudiella species are described, five of the latter which are new: C. cœnigouensis sp. n., C. luteovernalis sp. n., C. cadiensis sp. n., C. canigouensis sp. n., and C. trichroma sp. n., A key to species is provided.     

Four new genera of the PIesiobracon Cameron group (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconinae)

Crinibracon gen.n. (type species: Crinibracon malayensis sp.n. from Malaysia), C. indicus sp.n. from India, C. striatus sp.n. from New Guinea, Lyricibracon gen.n. (type species: Lyricibracon bicolorus sp.n. from Brunei), Rugosibracon gen.n. (type species: Rugosibracon maculithorax sp.n. from S. Africa), R. nigerianus sp.n. from Nigeria and Simplicibracon gen.n. (type species: Simplicibracon maculigaster sp.n. from Taiwan) are described and illustrated. A key to the Plesibracon group of genera is provided, together with specific keys for the new genera Crinibracon and Rugosibracon .     

Free-living marine Rhabdocoela (Platyhelminthes) from the N. American Pacific coast. With remarks on species from other areas

From the N. American Pacific coast the following taxa are described: Coronopharynx pusillus Luther, Pogaina bicornk sp.n., P. paranygulgus sp.n. (Provorticidae); Brinkmanniella palmata sp.n., Tvaerminnea karlingi pucifica subsp.n. (Promesostomidae); Trigonostomum setigerum O. Schmidt, Messoplana pacifica sp.n., Ceratopera axi (Riedl), C. ehlersi sp.n., C. pilifera sp.n. (Trigonostomidae); Polycystis ali Schockaert, P. hamata sp.n. (Polycystididae). From other areas: Brinkmanniella palmata from the Skagerrak, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea; Ceratopera axi from the Falkland Islands; Polycystis ali from Galapagos Islands; Ceratopera bermudensis sp.n. from Bermuda. Polycystis ali is considered to be a polytypic species with the forms 'Somali', 'California' and 'Galapagos'. Brinkmanniella augusti Marcus and B. falklandica Westblad are considered to be species incertae sedis. Problems in penetrating the world-wide marine turbellarian fauna are discussed.     

Chauhanellus Bychowsky & Nagibina, 1969 (Monogenea) from ariid fishes (Siluriformes) of Peninsular Malaysia

Twelve new species of Chauhanellus Bychowsky & Nagibina, 1969 have been found on six species of ariid from Peninsular Malaysia: Chauhanellus trifidus n. sp., C. digitalis n. sp., C. malayanus n. sp., C. forcipis n. sp. and C. intermedius n. sp. from Arius sagor; C. aspinous n. sp. from Arius venosus; C. caelatus n. sp. from Arius caelatus; C. auriculatum n. sp., C. poculus n. sp. and C. pulutanus n. sp. from Arius maculatus; C. duriensis n. sp. from Arius thalassinus; and C. osteogeneiosi n. sp. from Osteogeneiosus militaris. Some of these Chauhanellus species possess characteristics that are not commonly observed in the genus. C. aspinous n. sp., C. intermedius n. sp. and C. digitalis n. sp. exhibit features found in both Chauhanellus and Hamatopeduncularia: these include absence of spines on the mainpart of the dorsal anchors in C. aspinous n. sp. and C. intermedius n. sp. and presence of haptoral digitation in C. digitalis n. sp. Other features are the five transverse rows of peduncular spines in C. duriensis n. sp., ear-like projections on the anchors in C. auriculatum n. sp., and thin sclerotised plates that partly envelope the ventral anchors in C. forcipis n. sp. Mid-dorsal appendices occur on the dorsal bars of seven of the present species.     

The pterolichoid feather mites (Acarina, Astigmata) of the Megapodiidae (Aves, Galliformes)

The pterolichoid feather mites of megapodes are reviewed. Named taxa are briefly discussed and most are figured. The Pterolichidae (Pterolichinae) are: Ascetohchus Perez & Atyeo, three species; Echinozonus Atyeo & Perez, six species; Pereziella Atyeo, two species; and Phycoferus Atyeo & Perez, two species. New pterolichine taxa, with the type species listed first, include: Botryaspis cordiforma gen. et sp.n. and B. cordata gen. et sp.n.; Cycloprotarsus lineatus gen. et sp.n., C. centralis gen. et sp.n. and C. monacrotrichus gen. et sp.n.; Eurypterolichus gen.n. for Pterolichus navicula comb.n. Trouessart & Neumann and E. coniger gen. et sp.n.; Goniodurus gen.n. for Pterolichus ( Pseudalloptes ) quadratus comb.n. Trouessart and G. bilobatus gen. et sp.n.; Haptepigynus gen.n. for Pterolichus ( Pseudalloptes ) tridentiger comb.n. Trouessart and H. holonotus gen. et sp.n.; Heliaspis ventralis gen. et sp.n.; Leipobius ocellatus gen. et sp.n.; Maleolichus maleo gen. et sp.n.; Mayracarus gen.n. for Pterolichus (P.) tritilobus comb.n. Trouessart; Megapodobius arcuatus gen. et sp.n. and M. striatus gen. et sp.n.; Oxygynurus brevissimus gen. et sp.n., O. longicaulis gen. et sp.n., O. mediocaulis gen. et sp.n. and O. parvicaulis gen. et sp. n.; Prionoturus amembranatus gen. et sp. n.; Talegallobius bidentatus gen. et sp.n.; and Tanysomacarus imperfectus gen. et sp.n. and T. brachymeles gen. et sp.n. A new taxon of the Thoracosathesidae is: Thoracosathes caudiculata sp.n. Keys are provided and host- commensal associations are discussed. All taxa are restricted to the Megapodiidae. Cheylabis fuscina Trouessart is assigned to Pereziella and has as a synonym P. dupilcata Atyeo.     

Four new species of Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960 (Monogenea,Ancyrocephalidae), all gill parasites from African mouthbreeder tilapias of the genera Sarotherodon and Oreochromis (Pisces,Cichlidae), with a redescription of C. thurstonae Ergens, 1981

A study of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus), O. aureus (Steindachner), Sarotherodon caudomarginatus (Boulenger), S. galilaeus (Linnaeus) and S. galilaeus sanagaensis (Thys van den Audenaerde) (Teleostei, Cichlidae) from different locations in Africa (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Guinea, Niger and Senegal) revealed the presence of 11 species of monogenean gill parasites. Four, belonging to Cichlidogyrus Paperna, 1960 and considered as new species, are described: C. rognoni n. sp., C. douellouae n. sp., C. giostrai n. sp. and C. njinei n. sp. They are distinguished by the shape and/or size of the sclerotised parts of the haptoral and copulatory complexes. C. thurstonae Ergens, 1981 from O. niloticus is redescribed.     

New species of Myxosporea from frogs and resurrection of the genus Cystodiscus Lutz, 1889 for species with myxospores in gallbladders of amphibians

Two new myxosporean species in the gallbladders of frogs have recently spread across eastern Australia and cause disease. Cystodiscus axonis sp. n. and Cystodiscus australis sp. n. are species of Myxosporea (Myxozoa) identified from a range of Australian frogs and tadpoles including the introduced Cane toad (Rhinella marina). The new species are defined by their distinct genetic lineage, myxospore morphology and ultrastructure of the pre-sporogonic development. Spores of both species are produced in the gallbladder. Spores of C. axonis sp. n. possess distinct filiform polar appendages (FPA). The pre-sporogonic development of C. axonis sp. n. is within myelinated axons in the central nervous system of hosts, as well as bile ducts of tadpoles. Pre-sporogonic and sporogonic development of C. australis sp. n. is confined to tadpole bile ducts and myxospores of C. australis sp. n. are devoid of FPA. The genus Cystodiscus Lutz, 1889 introduced for Cystodiscus immersus Lutz, 1889 is emended to accompany myxosporean parasites affecting amphibians previously classified in the genus Myxidium sensu lato. A synopsis of described species within Cystodiscus is provided.     

Description of new species of the genus Ctenochira Förster, 1855 (hymenoptera,ichneumonidae: Tryphoninae) from the Eurasian Subarctic subzone and Siberia,with remarks on the Ichneumonid fauna of the Chukchi Peninsula

13 new species of Ctenochira (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tryphoninae) from the Eurasian Subarctic subzone and Siberia are described: C. albosignata sp. n., C. anabar sp. n., C. epipleuralis sp. n., C. gracilicornis sp. n., C. hyperborea sp. n., C. kerzhneri sp. n., C. laticauda sp. n., C. minuta sp. n., C. nigronitens sp. n., C. pallistigma sp. n., C. tixi sp. n., C. trochanterata sp. n., and C. uzon sp. n. A key to the Subarctic and northern Siberian species is given. Quantitative occurrence of different ichneumonid subfamilies in the Subarctic subzone is considered based on analysis of 827 specimens of ichneumonids collected in yellow plates in the Chukchi Autonomous Area in July 2012. Idiobiont (polyphagous) subfamilies (36.5%): Cryptinae, 294 spms. (35.5%); Pimplinae, 8 (1%). Koinobiont parasitoids, 10 subfamilies (63.5%): parasitoids of Symphyta, 313 spms. (37.9%): Tryphoninae, 225 (27.2%); Adelognathinae, 14 (1.7%); Ctenopelmatinae, 59 (7.2%); Campopleginae (Olesicampe; Lathrostizus), 15 (1.8%); parasitoids of Diptera, 169 spms. (20.5%): Diplazontinae, 8 (1%); Orthocentrinae s. l., 161 (19.5%); parasitoids of Lepidoptera, 29 spms. (3.5%): Campopleginae (part), 18 (2.2%) (Campoletis; Hyposoter; Tranosema; Diadegma; etc.); Ichneumoninae, 2 (0.2%); Banchinae, 3 (0.4%) (Glypta; Lissonota); Metopiinae, 6 (0.7%) (Exochus); parasitoids of Coleoptera (0.3%): Tersilochinae, 3 spms. (Barycnemis); hyperparasitoids (1.3%): Mesochorinae, 11 spms.     

Myxosporeans (Cnidospora: Myxosporea) of Antarctic fishes

Data on 13 species of fish myxosporeans from the Antarctic part of the Atlantic Ocean is present. Among them, 8 new species are described: Zschokkella australis sp. n., Davisia nototheniae sp. n., Ceratomyxa orthospora sp. n., C. ellipsoidea sp. n., C. antarctica sp. n., Leptotheca ampla sp. n., Pseudalataspora squamifrons sp. n., P. meridionalis sp. n.). Four species were found for the first time in the region and four species were found in new hosts.