共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Factors influencing reliable shoot regeneration from leaf explants of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) were examined. Addition of AgNO3 to callus induction medium was significantly effective for shoot regeneration in all three genotypes initially tested. When
48 genotypes subsequently were surveyed, a large variation of shoot regenerability was observed, ranging from 100 to 0% in
frequency of bud formation and from 7.5 to 0 in the number of buds per explant. A significant correlation (r=0.84) was observed between the frequency of bud formation and the number of buds per explant. The shoot regenerability from
leaf explants was not related to that from cotyledonary explants (r=0.28). Histological observations showed that an organized structure developed from calluses produced at vascular bundle tissues
after 7 days of culture on callus induction medium, and they developed shoot apical meristems one week after transfer onto
shoot induction medium. Regenerated plantlets were obtained 2 months after the initiation of culture and they normally flowered
and set seeds. No alterations of morphology or DNA contents were observed in regenerated plants and their S1 progenies. 相似文献
2.
The influence of thidiazuron on shoot regeneration from leaf explants of fifteen cultivars of Rhododendron 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. Pavingerová 《Biologia Plantarum》2009,53(4):797-799
The influence of cytokinin thidiazuron (TDZ) and auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on in vitro shoot organogenesis of fifteen Rhododendron genotypes was investigated and a protocol for high frequency adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants was developed.
High genotypic variation was observed and regeneration frequencies ranged from 0 to 100 %. Genotype Ovation had the highest
number of shoots (26.4 per explant) after 12 weeks on medium with 0.57 μM IAA and 1.20 μM TDZ, but only 65 % of explants regenerated.
Catawbiense Grandiflorum had 17.7 shoots per explant and 75 % regeneration on medium with 5.70 μM IAA and 0.45 μM TDZ and
Van Werden Poelman had 14.3 shoots per explant and 100 % regeneration on medium with 0 57 μM IAA and 0.45 μM TDZ. 相似文献
3.
V. Van Sint Jan G. Laublin R. K. Birhman M. Cappadocia 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1996,47(1):9-13
An F1 population consisting of 51 genotypes, derived from two unresponsive parental lines ofSolanum chacoense Bitt., was examined for shoot regeneration from leaf explants. Fourteen genotypes failed to respond whereas, among the responsive genotypes, four produced multiple shoots on over 90% of the explants. Estimates of broad-sense heritability were high for both frequency of responsive explants (83%) and the number of shoots per responsive explant (82%). The segregation of the F1 hybrid progeny was in agreement with the theoretical ratios of a genetic model for tissue culture responsiveness involving three unlinked genes. This study confirms earlier findings concerning the genetic control ofin vitro shoot regeneration from leaf explants inS. chacoense. 相似文献
4.
Direct plant regeneration from leaf explants of Plumbago species and its genetic fidelity through RAPD markers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G R ROUT 《The Annals of applied biology》2002,140(3):305-313
In vitro plant regeneration was achieved from leaf explants of Plumbago rosea and Plumbago zeylanica on Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg litre?1 6‐benzylaminopurine, 0.25 mg litre?1 indole‐3‐acetic acid, 50 mg litre?1 adenine sulfate and 3% (w/v) sucrose. The shoot initials developed within 2–3 wk on the leaf margin as well as from the wounds of the leaf. High frequency shoot‐bud regeneration was achieved on similar medium in subsequent subcultures. The semi‐mature leaves produced more shoot‐buds as compared to the younger leaves. Mature leaves did not show any response for shoot bud initiation. More than 85% of the semi‐mature explants produced shoot‐buds per leaf explant within 4 wk of culture. Shoots rooted easily on medium having half‐strength basal Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 0.25 mg litre?1 indole‐3‐butyric acid and 2% (w/v) sucrose; 84–92% of the in vitro rooted plantlets survived in the greenhouse. The regenerated plantlets appeared morphologically similar to the mother plants. No variation was detected among the regenerated plants by the use of Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. This method might be useful for assessing plant improvement programmes. 相似文献
5.
Zhijian Li Robert L. Jarret Roy N. Pittman James W. Demski 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1994,30(4):187-191
Summary Thidiazuron (TDZ) was utilized to induce adventitious shoot formation from the hypocotyl region of cultured seed explants
of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Excision of the radicle from seed explants was more stimulatory to shoot initiation than removal of the epicotyl alone.
Removal of both the radicle and the epicotyl from seeds resulted in a 37-fold increase in the frequency of shoot production
when compared to intact seeds. Half seed explants with epicotyl and radicle removed produced the greatest number of shoots
per explant. Explants from mature seeds were more responsive to TDZ than immature seed-derived explants. A 1-wk exposure to
10 μM TDZ was sufficient to stimulate the initiation of adventitious shoots that subsequently developed into plants. High frequency
of shoot initiation was readily induced in a variety of genotypes ofA. hypogaea and a wild peanut (A. glabrata). Plants regenerated from shoots induced by TDZ were phenotypically normal and fertile. 相似文献
6.
P. K. Roy K. All Anju Gupta G. K. Barat S. L. Mehta 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》1993,2(1):9-13
Protocols have been developed for in vitro regeneration from internode explants from Lathyrus sativus. Callus raised on B5 medium supplemented with 10.7 μM NAA + 2.2 μM BA permitted shoot regeneration upon transfer to modified MS medium containing 10.7 μM NAA + 2.2 μM BA. Rooting was obtained only on 1/2 MS media containing 0.5 μM IBA. The in vitro regenerated plants, after primary and secondary hardening, were taken to the field. Analysis of ODAP in leaves and seeds was carried out. The low toxin containing progeny of the somaclones were further grown in the field. The toxin contents varied from 0.015% to 0.460% in leaf and 0.030% to 0.539% in seed in R, generation, as compared to 0.258% in leaf and 0.406% in seed for the parent P-24. Statistical analysis showed a positive significant correlation between leaf and seed ODAP contents. Mean seed toxin in R1 generation of some of the somaclones varied from 0.039–0.057% and single plant seed yield varied from 25.8 to 45.0 g. Some plants showed seed toxin content of less than 0.01% from 1–22 progeny. Thus, following in vitro culture of internode explant, toxin content in seeds in R2 generation has been found to be substantially reduced with single plant seed yield either equal to or higher than that of parent cv. P 24. 相似文献
7.
Benjamin Steinitz Yona Tabib Victor Gaba Tanya Gefen Yiftach Vaknin 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2009,45(1):65-71
Efficient vegetative cloning in vitro requires definition of plant growth regulator regimes for each genotype, and therefore formulation of a uniform culture protocol
for a genetically heterogeneous wild or uncultivated plant population is often impossible. The likelihood of cloning a wide
array of plant genotypes by avoiding the use of plant growth regulator(s) was explored with Moringa oleifera Lamk., Moringa stenopetala (Baker f.) Cufod, and Moringa peregrina Forssk. ex Fiori tree seedlings. Propagation was achieved by multiple shoot regeneration from the cotyledonary node of decapitated
seedlings, followed by axillary shoot growth from single node shoot segments and rooting of excised shoots. All steps were
accomplished on basal Murashige and Skoog medium without plant growth regulator supplements. The results revealed competence
for generation of multiple shoots from cotyledonary node tissue, stimulated by repeated shoot harvest, in seedlings of all
three tree species. Tens of plants per seedling were regenerated in about 4 mo from culture initiation. In a given species
clone size was seedling-dependent, which presumably stems from genotypic variability among seedlings in regeneration ability
in vitro. By this means the laborious search for a plant growth regulator regime suitable for organogenesis induction and adapted
per genotype became redundant, and biodiversity of the seed germplasm could be maintained. The approach ideally suits establishment
of clones of wild plants of endangered species, like those of the Moringaceae, species with high ability for producing supplementary
shoots, and without the need to add plant growth regulators, including the rooting stage. 相似文献
8.
Anne -Claire van Altvorst Svetla Yancheva Hans Dons 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1995,40(2):151-157
Adventitious shoot formation was studied with leaf, stem and axillary bud explants of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). The shoot regeneration procedures were applicable for a wide range of cultivars and shoot regeneration percentages were high for all explant types. Using axillary bud explants, shoot regeneration efficiency was independent of the size of the bud and of its original position in the plant. In contrast, shoot regeneration from stem and leaf explants was strongly dependent on their original position on the plant. The most distal explants (just below the apex) showed the highest level of shoot regeneration. The adventitious shoot primordia developed at the periphery of the stem segment and at the base of leaf explants. In axillary bud, stem and leaf explants, shoot regeneration originated from node cells, located at the transition area between leaf and stem tissue. Moreover, a gradient in shoot regeneration response was observed, increasing towards the apical meristem.Abbreviations BA
benzyladenine
- NAA
naphthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
9.
An attempt to induce shoot regeneration from leaf disc explants from Allium sativum L., A. porrum L., and A. schoenoprasum L. and the induction of shoot regeneration from single flower-bud receptacles in A. porrum is presented. While the regeneration rate from leaf disc explants was low, an efficient method for propagating A. porrum in vitro was obtained by cultivating single flower-bud receptacles. The shoot regeneration ability was strongly controlled by the genotype. Up to 294 shoots per leek plant could be harvested. Simultaneously the same plant could be used for seed production and bulbil formation in vivo. The efficiency of the in vitro multiplication method described allows the integration of this procedure into breeding programmes of A. porrum
Abbreviations BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid
- IAA
3-indole acetic acid
- NAA
2-naphtalene acetic acid 相似文献
10.
Daxu Li Jie Zhang Jian Zhao Yi Zhang Fei Chen Jingqiu Zhu Shujun Liu Zhirong Yang 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2006,84(3):285-292
The mature seeds, mesocotyls, and young leaf tips of Elymus sibiricus L. cv. ‘chuancao No. 2’ were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and 0.05 mg/L kinetin in the dark at 26°C, the calluses were produced. The rate of callus regeneration depended on the explants
source and plant growth regulators. Plants regenerated from whitish-yellow-coloured compact nodular callus formed after subculturing
for 8 weeks. Higher frequency (54%) of shoot differentiation was obtained from the embryo tissues of mature seed than from
either mesocotyls (24%) or young leaf tip tissues (6%) when these calluses from different types of explants were cultured
on plant regeneration medium containing half strength MS salts supplemented with 0.1 mg/L kinetin, 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 20 g/L sucrose. The green plants were rooted within 6 weeks in the root regeneration medium, and over 97% of these soil-established
plants were obtained in the greenhouse when potted in a sand and peat mixture medium. 相似文献
11.
Summary In researching the application of genetic transformation to lily breeding, callus formation from cultured explants and plant
regeneration from induced calluses were examined in 33 Lilium genotypes, 21 species, three Asiatic hybrids, two LA hybrids, two Longiflorum hybrids, three Oriental hybrids, and two Trumpet
hybrids. Seed, bulb scale, leaf, or filament explants were placed on a medium containing 4.1 μM 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram; PIC) and cultured in the dark. After 2 mo., callus formation was observed
in 30 genotypes, and a formation frequency of more than 50% was obtained in 24 genotypes. Bulb scale and filament explants
showed great ability to form calluses, whereas seeds had poor ability. Most of the induced calluses were yellow and had a
nodular appearance. When subcultured onto the same fresh medium, twofold or more increases in callus mass were obtained in
1 mo. for 15 genotypes. Callus lines showing sustained growth 1 yr after the initiation of subculture were examined for their
ability to produce shoots on a medium without plant growth regulators (PGRs) and a medium containing 22 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA). Shoot regeneration was observed in all genotypes examined, and a regeneration frequency of over 80%
was obtained in 20 genotypes. Initial explants used for callus induction and callus type (nodular or friable) had no effect
on shoot regeneration. Most of the regenerated shoots developed into complete plantlets following their transfer to a PGR-free
medium. 相似文献
12.
The C(3)-C(4) intermediate species Moricandia arvensis ( Brassicaceae) and its closest C(3) relative, Moricandia moricandioides, represent model species for studying the C(3)-C(4) photosynthetic character relative to the C(3) phenotype. In order to enable transgenic analyses in these two species, optimal regeneration systems based on leaf and/or stem internode segments were developed, and genotypes suitable for in vitro tissue culture were identified. Evaluation of the regeneration capability of 30 M. arvensis genotypes and 12 M. moricandioides genotypes revealed that all could form callus. However, shoots were only produced by 40% of the M. arvensis genotypes and 8% of the M. moricandioides genotypes. The two Moricandia species showed significant genotypic differences with respect to callus formation and shoot regeneration. For the 12 regenerative M. arvensis genotypes, 29-100% of the explants developed shoots, while 71% of the explants from the single regenerable M. moricandioides genotype formed shoots. The genotype used, the choice of stem or leaf explants and the composition of the medium (i.e. concentrations of different hormones and salts) significantly affected plant regeneration (chi-square analyses, P<0.05). Whole plants could be obtained in the greenhouse after 3-3.5 months for M. arvensis genotypes and after 4-4.5 months for M. moricandioides. 相似文献
13.
Cotyledons of five-day-old seedlings and leaves of 6-week-old plants of two rape cultivars (Brassica napus L., cvs. Westar and Podmoskovnyi) were co-cultured with the culture of Agrobacterium tumefaciens cells comprising the genetic construct with the marker gfp gene, on Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium supplemented with benzyladenine, NAA, and ABA in various combinations. A capacity
for regeneration on both types of explants was rather high, but leaf explants produced weakly differentiated shoots and most
of them were vitrificated. On cotyledonary explants of transformed rape plants of both cultivars expressing the gfp gene, regeneration frequency was 70%. On leaf explants, it was much lower (47% in cv. Westar and 28% in cv. Podmoskovnyi).
The gfp gene was expressed on all stages of shoot development. On primary, starting differentiation calli, we observed the strongest
fluorescence of GFP in meristematic and vascular tissues. On leaf blades, GFP fluorescence was much brighter in old than young
leaves; often it was observed only in the cell groups; it. PCR analysis of seed generation of transformants showed that some
plants did not follow the Mendelian inheritance of a monogenic trait (transgene) in self-pollinated plants. This phenomenon
could be explained as a result of meiotic recombination or production of genotypic chimeric organisms at regeneration. 相似文献
14.
Dong-Ho Shin Jin Sook Kim In Jeong Kim Jaemo Yang Soo Kyung Oh Gab Chae Chung Kyung-Hwan Han 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2000,36(4):273-278
Summary We describe a protocol, and several experiments that helped lead to its development, for sunflower regeneration. Important
factors for sunflower regeneration were explant age, cytokinin type and concentration, basal medium, and explant source. We
could not induce shoot regeneration from the explants derived from mature tissues including leaf, petiole, and stem. However,
use of juvenile explants such as embryo meristem and primordial leaf tissues allowed routine regeneration of 17 different
sunflower genotypes. High frequency of shoot regeneration was achieved with these explants taken from seedlings up to 5 d
after germination. Explant age was less critical for embryo meristem explants than for primordial leaf tissues. Of the four
basal media tested, MS and B5 media produced higher shoot-regeneration frequencies than did Anderson and woody plant media.
The highest shoot-regeneration frequency was obtained with MS medium supplemented with 2 μM BA and without auxin. Addition of 1 μM naphthalene-acetic acid to the medium significantly reduced both the percentage of explants producing shoots and average
number of shoots per explant. Regenerated shoots were grown to maturity in a greenhouse. 相似文献
15.
Chun-Lai Zhang Dong-Fang Chen Malcolm C. Elliott Adrian Slater 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):305-310
Summary Improved in vitro tissue culture systems are needed to facilitate the application of recombinant DNA technology to the improvement of sugar
beet germplasm. The effects of N
6-benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) pretreatment on adventitious shoot and somatic embryogenesis regeneration were evaluated
in a range of sugar beet breeding lines and commercial varieties. Petiole explants showed higher frequencies of direct adventitious
shoot formation and produced more shoots per explant than leaf lamina explants. TDZ was more effective than BA for the promotion
of shoot formation. The optimal TDZ concentrations were 2.3–4.6 μM for the induction of adventitious shoot regeneration. Direct somatic embryogenesis from intact seedlings could be induced
by either BA or TDZ. TDZ-induced somatic embryogenesis occurred on the lower surface of cotyledons at concentrations of 0.5–2μM and was less genotype-dependent than with Ba. A high frequency of callus induction could be obtained from seedlings and leaf
explants, but only a few of the calluses derived from leaf explants could regenerate to plants via indirect somatic embryogenesis. These results demonstrated that TDZ could prove to be a more effective cytokinin for in vitro culture of sugar beet than BA. Rapid and efficient regeneration of plants using TDZ may provide a route for the production
of transgenic sugar beet following Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. 相似文献
16.
Five different genotypes from in vitro as well as greenhouse grown melon plants were shown to be highly responsive for in vitro shoot formation from leaf explants when placed on basic MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine. In addition, a very suitable regeneration system was obtained when cotyledon pieces of mature seeds were incubated on the same culture medium. In this case, the first shoots already appeared after 10 days of incubation, and hundreds of shoots were formed on the cut surface 3 to 4 weeks later. Explants from mature cotyledons derived from seedlings did not lead to any shoot formation.Abbreviations MS
Murashige and Skoog
- IAA
3-indoleacetic acid
- BA
6-benzylaminopurine 相似文献
17.
An attempt has been taken to establish an efficient plant regeneration system in vitro from 3, 5, 7 and 9-days-old root segments of four Indica (Bangladeshi) rice genotypes. Genotypic effects were observed in
callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration. Moreover, the stage of development of the root explants also played a
significant role in callus formation and subsequent plant regeneration. Younger explants were more efficient in both callus
induction and plant regeneration. Plants regenerated in vitro were successfully established in soil and produced fertile seeds. 相似文献
18.
H. Y. Seo Y. J. Kim T. I. Park H. S. Kim S. J. Yun K. H. Park M. K. Oh M. Y. Choi C. H. Paik Y. S. Lee Y. E. Choi 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2007,43(3):209-214
Sesamum indicum L. was used as an important oil crop in the world. An efficient protocol for in vitro plant regeneration via adventitious shoot formation from deembryonated cotyledon explants isolated from mature seeds of sesame
is developed. Optimal medium for direct adventitious shoot formation was Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 22.2 μM 6-benzylaminopurin
(BA) and 5.7 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Abscisic acid (3.8 μM ABA) and AgNO3 (29.4 μM) were effective in enhancing the frequency of adventitious shoot formation. Preculture of cotyledon explants on
high sucrose concentration (6–9%) for 2 wk and subsequent transfer to 3% sucrose enhanced the frequency of adventitious shoot
induction. Root formation from the adventitious shoots was easily achieved on MS medium containing 2.7 μM of α-naphthalene
acetic acid (NAA). Regenerated plantlets were acclimatized on sand and peat moss (1:1), showing 95% survival with subsequent
flowering and seed set. We established the high-frequency plant regeneration via adventitious shoot formation in S. indicum L. 相似文献
19.
Summary A method has been developed for the induction of adventitious shoots from leaf tissue of Echinacea pallida with subsequent whole-plant regeneration. Proliferating callus and shoot cultures were derived from leaf tissue explants
placed on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine and naphthaleneacetic acid combinations. The optimum
shoot regeneration frequency (63%) and number of shoots per explant (2.3 shoots per explant) was achieved using media supplemented
with 26.6 μM 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.11 μM naphthaleneacetic acid. Rooting of regenerated shoot explants was successful on Murashige and Skoog medium, both with and
without the addition of indole-3-butyric acid. All plantlets survived acclimatization, producing phenotypically normal plants
in the greenhouse. This study demonstrates that leaf tissue of E. pallida is competent for adventitious shoot regeneration and establishes a useful method for the micropropagation of this important
medicinal plant. 相似文献
20.
In vitro propagation of an endangered medicinal plant Saussurea involucrata Kar. et Kir. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An efficient micropropagation system for Saussurea involucrata Kar. et Kir., an endangered Chinese medicinal plant, has been developed. Shoot organogenesis occurred from S. involucrata leaf explants inoculated on medium with appropriate supplements of plant growth regulators. 66.0% of shoot regeneration frequency
and 5.2 shoots per leaf explant were achieved when cultured on a medium containing 10 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2.5 μM
1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Shoot organogenesis was improved further when the leaf explants were pre-incubated at low
temperature, and 80.6% of shoot regeneration frequency was recorded with 9.3 shoots per leaf explant at 4°C by 5-day pretreatment
period. Up to 87.0% of the regenerated shoots formed complete plantlets on a medium containing 2.5 μM indole-3-acetic acid
(IAA) within 28 days, and 85.2% of the regenerated plantlets survived and grew vigorously in greenhouse condition. The phytochemical
profile of the micropropagated plants was similar to that of wild plants. The regeneration protocol developed in this study
provides a basis for germplasm conservation and for further investigation of medicinally active constituents of the elite
medicinal plant. 相似文献