Cotyledon detachment inhibits development but does not affect precocious flowering of ‘Duncan’ grapefruit

The role of cotyledons in seedling development and precocious flowering was studied in Duncan grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf), a cultivar that displays a high frequency of precocious flowering. Cotyledons were detached from the embryo and the embryos were germinated in vitro to form plantlets. Cotyledon detachment dramatically affected the development of Duncan seedlings. The decotyledonized plants were stunted, with small narrow leaves and thin and underdeveloped roots. Decotyledonization did not change significantly the number of leaves developed. Despite the dramatic effects of the cotyledons on seedling development, decotyledonized Duncan seedlings retained their ability to flower precociously. We conclude that although normal growth and development of Duncan grapefruit seedlings is cotyledon-dependent, the ability to flower precociously does not depend on the presence of cotyledons during in vitro germination.Abbreviations MS Murashige & Skoog's medium     

Isolation and characterization of two tightly linked catalase genes from castor bean that are differentially regulated

Two catalase genes,cat1 andcat2, have been isolated from the castor bean genome. They were located in the same direction on a chromosome at a distance of 2.4 kb,cat1 being on the downstream side ofcat2. The two genes contained introns at the same positions except that one of the 7 introns incat1 is missing incat2 and the corresponding introns differed in size and sequence between the two genes. The translated regions of the two genes had the same number of nucleotides and exhibited 81.3% nucleotide sequence identity. In addition to introns, the nucleotide sequences of the 5-and 3-flanking regions are highly divergent between the two genes. In etiolated seedlings,cat1 mRNA was present abundantly in endosperms and cotyledons and only in a small amount in roots. Thecat1 mRNA could not be detected in hypocotyls. By contrast,cat2 mRNA is most abundant in hypocotyls and roots, while endosperms and cotyledons contained only low levels ofcat2 mRNA. Although neithercat1 norcat2 mRNA could be detected in dry seeds, both mRNAs showed temporal accumulation in the endosperm in response to germination. These results suggest that expression of two tightly linked catalase genes of castor bean,cat1 andcat2, are differentially regulated during development.     

In vitro regeneration from hypocotyl and seedling cotyledons of tronchuda (Brassica oleracea var. tronchuda Bailey)

Four tronchuda (Brassica oleracea var. tronchuda Bailey) cultivars were tested for their ability to regenerate in vitro on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 3 different combinations of -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Explants were either axillary bud-free whole cotyledons or hypocotyls from 7-day-old darkgrown seedlings. The ability to regenerate varied by cultivars, explants and the concentration of growth regulators. Hypocotyl explants of all 4 cultivars, and cotyledon explants of 2 cultivars, developed plantlets within 4 weeks. Hypocotyl explants produced more shoots than cotyledons. Cotyledon explants produced more roots than hypocotyls. Best shoot regeneration was on MS medium supplemented with 2 mgl^-1 BAP and 0.1 mgl^-1 NAA. Portuguesa produced the most shoots. Some regenerants varied in leaf shape and phyllotaxy.Abbreviations BAP benzylaminopurine - NAA napththaleneacetic acid - IBA indolebutyric acid     

Comparative effects of gibberellic acid and N6-benzyladenine on dry matter partitioning and osmotic and water potentials in seedling organs of dwarf watermelon

Apical applications of 0.2 g N⁶-benzyladenine (BA), a synthetic cytokinin, or 5 g of gibberellic acid (GA₃) significantly enhanced hypocotyl elongation in intact dwarf watermelon seedlings over a 48-h period. Accompanying the increase in hypocotyl length was marked expansion of cotyledons in BA-treated seedlings and inhibition of root growth by both compounds. A study on dry matter partitioning indicated that both growth regulators caused a preferential accumulation of dry matter in hypocotyls at the expense of the roots; however, GA₃ elicited a more rapid and greater change than did BA. In comparison to untreated seedlings, BA decreased total translocation of metabolites out of the cotyledons. Water potentials of cotyledons and hypocotyls were determined by allowing organs to equilibrate for 2 h in serial concentrations of polyethylene glycol 4000. Osmotic potentials were determined by thermocouple psychrometry. During periods of rapid growth in cotyledons and hypocotyls of BA-treated seedlings and in hypocotyls of GA-treated seedlings, the osmotic potential increased and the turgor pressure decreased in relation to untreated seedlings, indicating that cell wall extensibility was being increased. Osmotic potentials were lower in hypocotyls of GA-treated than in those of BA-treated seedlings, even though growth rates were higher in GA-treated seedlings, indicating that the latter treatment was generating more osmotically active solutes in hypocotyls.Scientific Contribution No. 1219 from the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station.     

Variation in the Content and Composition of Sterols in Alfalfa Seedlings Treated with Compactin (ML-236B) and Mevalonic Acid

Compactin (ML-236B), a specific inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylCoA reductase, inhibited the elongation of roots and hypocotylsof Medicago sativa seedlings when it was applied to the roots.Addition of mevalonic acid, the direct product of the enzyme,together with compactin relieved the growth inhibition of roots. The contents and compositions of sterols were studied in threeparts of M. sativa seedlings—roots, hypocotyls and cotyledons.Compactin (20 µM) decreased the sterol contents of rootsand hypocotyls by about a half but did not affect that of cotyledons.On the other hand, mevalonic acid (2 mM) increased the sterolcontent of roots more than threefold the nontreated controllevel but not the contents of hypocotyls and cotyledons. Mevalonicacid added in combination with compactin had a similar effecton the sterol content of roots as when it was added alone. The major sterol in all three parts was stigmasterol whetheror not compactin or mevalonic acid was present. However, thevariation of the sterol composition in the roots was distinct;mevalonic acid-treated roots markedly accumulated ⁷-sitosterol,24-methylenecycloartanol and squalene. (Received October 16, 1986; Accepted April 2, 1987)     

Comparison between <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coffea arabica</Emphasis> L. ‘Laurina’ and <Emphasis Type="Italic">C. arabica</Emphasis> ‘Bourbon’ seedlings grown in daylight or darkness for their polysaccharidic cell wall composition and caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents

Key message

Cell wall polysaccharidic composition changed between cotyledons, hypocotyls and roots. Neither the laurina mutation nor the presence of light had an impact on this composition.

Abstract

Coffea arabica ‘Laurina’, a natural mutant of Coffea arabica ‘Bourbon’ (B), is also known as ‘Bourbon Pointu’ (BP). In seedlings under daylight, the laurina mutation leads to semi-dwarf hypocotyls, but this effect disappears in darkness conditions. The first step of our work was to analyze the impact of the mutation on the monosaccharide cell wall composition in cotyledons, hypocotyls and roots in relation to growth conditions (daylight vs darkness). Secondly, the same type of comparison was carried out for caffeine and chlorogenic acid (CQA) contents. Cell wall polysaccharides (CWP) present in cotyledons, hypocotyls and roots were identified. Neither the laurina mutation nor the growth conditions had an impact on the CWP composition. By contrast, there were marked differences between cotyledons, hypocotyls and roots regarding their CWP composition, CQA and caffeine contents. Lastly, the mutation and the light did not modify the CQA content in the three organs, whereas the mutation, but the light, lowered the caffeine (CAF) content.

     

Thiophene accumulation in relation to morphology in roots of Tagetes patula

Roots of marigold (Tagetes patula L.) accumulate thiophenes, heterocyclic sulfurous compounds with strong biocidal activity. In detached roots cultured in vitro, the thiophene content was 5 mol·(g fresh weight)^-1 which is 25-times higher than in roots attached to the plant. In roots derived from tissues transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes, the morphology and thiophene content varied with the bacterial strain used. Transformation stimulated the elongation of the root tips and the formation of lateral roots but lowered the thiophene level to 20–50% relative to the concentration in untransformed detached roots. A negative correlation was found between the number of laterals in a root system and the thiophene content. Extensive branching and a decrease in thiophene accumulation was evoked in untransformed roots by indole-3-acetic acid (1–10 mol·l^-1) added to the medium. Within the roots, the highest thiophene concentrations were found in the tips. The results indicate that auxin directly or indirectly plays a role in the regulation of the thiophene level in root tips.Abbreviations B5 Gamborg's B5 medium - IAA Indole-3-acetic acid     

Induction by thidiazuron of somatic embryogenesis in intact seedlings of peanut

In planta differentiation of somatic embryos was induced in seedlings of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) obtained from mature seeds germinated on a medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ: N-phenyl-N¹- (1,2,3 thiadiazol-yl)urea). At optimum levels of TDZ (10 M), all germinating seeds produced embryogenic seedlings, and somatic embryos developed in the apical region and on the surface of cotyledons and hypocotyls. These somatic embryos matured, germinated, and formed shoots which eventually developed into whole plants. Thidiazuron-induced direct embryogenesis from morphologically intact seedlings may provide an excellent experimental system for investigating somatic embryogenesis and the morphoregulatory role of TDZ.Abbreviations 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid - MS Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium - TDZ thidiazuron (N-phenyl-N¹(1,2,3 thiadiazol-yl)urea) This research was supported by an operating grant from the Natural and Engineering Research Council of Canada to P.K.S. We thank Drs. J.A. Qureshi and Judith Strommer for helpful discussions, and Sangeeta Saxena for technical assistance. A gift of technical-grade thidiazuron from Nor-Am Chemical Co., Wilmington, Del., USA is gratefully acknowledged.     

High Efficiency Organogenesis in Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Tissues from Different Seedling Explants

In vitro plant regeneration was achieved from eightsweet pepper varieties (Capsicum annuum L.). The effect ofvarious explant types (cotyledons, leaves, cotyledonary nodes and shoot-tip from25-day-old seedlings and embryonic cotyledons, embryonic hypocotyls and woundedseedlings) on bud and shoot regeneration and shoot elongation was evaluated.Differences in ability for in vitro shoot regeneration andelongation depended on the variety and explant type. In general, highregeneration frequency was obtained from all varieties. Agridulcedisplayed the highest regeneration response: an average of 3.45 elongated shootsper explant using embryonic cotyledons. Elongated shoots were excised and rootedon Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium either without plant growth regulatorsor with 0.5 IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) or 0.05 NAA (-naphthaleneacetic acid). Plantlets weretransplanted to soil and acclimatised in the greenhouse showing normaldevelopment and growing to maturity bearing normal fruits with seeds.     

Early-flowering Scots pines through tissue culture for accelerating tree breeding

Scots pine plantlets were produced via tissue culture using cotyledons excised from germinated embryos as explants. The optimum tissue culture conditions were: 1/2GDbasal medium gelled with agar-Gelrite during shoot formation and with agar during rooting, inclusion of 5.0M benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.05 M naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for 2 weeks for shoot induction, and repeated 2.7 M NAA pulses of 1 week for rooting. Micropropagation success was genotype-dependent. Average multiplication rates varied among experiments from 3 to 15 shoots per embryo. The maximum shoot production from a single embryo was 35. Rooting was the most difficult phase in the propagation process. Most of the plantlets had a plagiotrophic and highly branched growth habit when growing in the greenhouse. Some individuals produced megasporangiate strobili at the age of 3 years and microsporangiate strobili with viable pollen at the age of 4 years. Early-flowering clones and the ability to conserve seedlings from which cotyledons have been cultured give new possibilities for accelerated tree breeding.     

Distribution of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in etiolated and far-red irradiated radish seedlings

Summary In dark-grown Raphanus seedlings, most of the PAL activity is found in roots where it increases sigmoidally during organ development. In hypocotyls, the dark increase of enzyme activity is linear with time. In cotyledons and hooks, dark activity is very low and remains constant. After onset of continuous far-red irradiation, an activity increase is observed in all parts of the seedling. In cotyledons and hooks, the increase is followed by a decrease. This is comparable to light-induced PAL activity described in other materials. In roots and hypocotyls, the initial increase is not followed by a decrease. In dark-grown roots and hypocotyls PAL activity is correlated to fresh weight augmentation. In no part of the seedling could a correlation be found between light-induced PAL activity and anthocyanin formation.     

Differential patterns of phytoalexin accumulation and enzyme induction in wounded and elicitor-treated tissues ofPhaseolus vulgaris

In wounded cotyledons ofPhaseolus vulgaris L. the accumulation of the 5-hydroxy isoflavonoids kievitone and 2-hydroxygenistein precedes the major increases in the levels of the 5-deoxy compounds phaseollin and coumestrol. Increased phytoalexin levels are preceded by transient increases in the extractable activities of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.5.), chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase (EC 5.5.1.6.). Accumulation of phytoalexins, above wounded control levels, is observed following treatment of excised cotyledons or hypocotyls with crude or fractionated elicitor preparations heat-released from the cell walls ofColletotrichum lindemuthianum. Chalcone synthase levels are also induced in cotyledons, although crude elicitor and all fractions suppress L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in both tissues. Kievitone is the major phytoalexin induced in cotyledons, whereas in hypocotyls phaseollin predominates. Patterns of phytoalexin accumulation have been studied in response to varying concentrations of the crude and fractionated elicitor; 5-hydroxy isoflavonoid accumulation is highly dependent upon elicitor concentration, the dose-response curves for kievitone accumulation showing maxima at around 1 g glucose equivalents per cotyledon, minima at 2–3 g equivalents and increasing induction at higher concentrations. Similar patterns are observed for L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase levels, although the overall extent of these changes is masked by the high wound response. Accumulation of 5-deoxy isoflavonoids above control levels requires high elicitor concentrations; no experimental conditions were found under which phaseollin accumulated to higher levels than kievitone in cotyledons during the first 48 h after elicitation.Abbreviations CHS chalcone synthase - PAL L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase     

The rate of nuclear gene transcription in barley endosperm syncytia increases sixfold before cell-wall formation

In seedlings of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), alanine aminotransferase (AlAT EC 2.6.1.2.) is present in the shoot and in the primary root but most activity is found in the cotyledons. During the experimental period (from 6 to 12 d after sowing), AlAT activity increased steadily. Anion exchange chromatography and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to show that AlAT activity in extracts from cotyledons is associated with two isoforms of the enzyme. One isoform (AlAT 1) dominated in the cotyledons of lightgrown seedlings, but was absent from primary roots. Its accumulation was strongly increased by light, and both phytochrome and cryptochrome were shown to be involved in this effect. Results of experiments using dichromatic irradiation indicate that cryptochrome acts indirectly by establishing responsiveness towards phytochrome. When plastids were damaged by photooxidation, the accumulation of AlAT 1 decreased; however, AlAT 1 which had accumulated before the onset of photooxidative treatment seemed to remain undamaged. Therefore, and because of the absence of AlAT 1 from primary roots, it is suggested that this isoform is localized in leaf peroxisomes. The isoform AlAT 2 is the only one found in primary roots, and the predominant one in the cotyledons of dark-grown seedlings. It is unaffected by light. Upon photodestruction of plastids, a pronounced increase of its activity was found. This is taken as evidence that AlAT 2 is a cytosolic enzyme. Total AlAT activity in cotyledons was unaffected by feeding nitrate to the seedlings; supplying exogenous ammonium led to a considerably slower accumulation of AlAT compared with water controls. In contrast, AlAT accumulation in the primary roots was augmented by up to 45% if nitrogenous ions were supplied, ammonium being more effective than nitrate.Abbreviations and Symbols AlAT alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2.) - B blue light - c continuous - D darkness - Fd-GOGAT ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (EC 1.4.7.1.) - FR far-red light - HPR hydroxypyruvate reductase (EC 1.1.1.81.) - FPLC fast protein liquid chromatography - PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis - R red light - RG9 long-wavelength far-red light defined by the properties of the Schott glass filter RG9 (_RG9 < 0.01) - =Pfr/Ptot far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome/total phtochrome, wavelength-dependent photoequilibrium of the phytochrome system This work was supported by Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften (Forschungsstelle Nitratassimilation). We are very grateful to Ms. B. Seith for measuring the DNA contents of the seedlings.     

Appearance and immunohistochemical localization of UDP-glucose: coniferyl alcohol glucosyltransferase in spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

UDP-glucose: coniferyl alcohol glucosyltransferase was detected in hypocotyls of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings. Enzyme activity rose after germination to maximal activity on about the 10th day and then rapidly declined. An antiserum against the glucosyltransferase isolated from cambial sap of spruce (Schmid and Grisebach, 1982, Eur. J. Biochem. 123, 363–370) was employed for localization of the enzyme in cross sections of hypocotyls from 10-d-old spruce seedlings, using the immunofluorescent technique. The results show that the transferase is located predominantly in the epidermal and subepidermal layers and in the vascular bundles. Intracellularly, the enzyme is located in the parietal cytoplasmic layer. The results corroborate the assumption that coniferin (coniferyl alcohol -D-glucoside) participates in lignification of spruce.     

Expression analyses of Arabidopsis oligopeptide transporters during seed germination, vegetative growth and reproduction

AtOPT promoter-GUS fusions were constructed for six of the nine known, putative oligopeptide transporters (OPTs) in Arabidopsis thaliana and used to examine AtOPT expression at various stages of plant development. AtOPT1, AtOPT3, AtOPT4, AtOPT6 and AtOPT7 were expressed in the embryonic cotyledons prior to root radicle emergence. Except for AtOPT8, which gave weak expression, all AtOPTs were strongly expressed in post-germinative seedlings with strongest expression in vascular tissues of cotyledons and hypocotyls. Preferential expression of AtOPTs in vascular tissues was also observed in cotyledons, leaves, hypocotyls, roots, flowers, siliques, and seed funiculi of seedlings and adult plants. Differential tissue-specific expression was observed for specific AtOPTs. For example, AtOPT1, AtOPT3 and AtOPT8 were uniquely expressed in pollen. Only AtOPT1 was expressed in growing pollen tubes, while only AtOPT6 was observed in ovules. AtOPT8 was transiently expressed in seeds during early stages of embryogenesis. Iron limitation was found to enhance expression of AtOPT3. These data suggest distinct cellular roles for specific AtOPTs including nitrogen mobilization during germination and senescence, pollen tube growth, pollen and ovule development, seed formation and metal transport.     

Elicitation of thiophene production by cultured hairy roots of Tagetes patula

Hairy roots of Tagetes patula were initiated by infecting the seedlings with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The hairy roots were grown in liquid medium MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) supplemented with sucrose. The roots were treated with three different elicitors obtained from mycelial culture of Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oligosporus and Pencillium notatum. Accumulation of biomass and the production of thiophenes were studied over a period of six weeks in culture. The HPLC separation profile of the thiophenes indicated the presence of several structurally different thiophenes. α-terthienyl being predominent. Maximum production of thiophene was recorded at the end of the fourth week in culture with a content of 0.138 % (w/w on dry weight basis). Treatment of hairy roots with mycelial extract of Aspergillus niger (1.5 % v/v) elicited an increase in thiophene content by 1.6 folds over the control.     

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated DNA transfer inPinus halepensis Mill.

Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain LBA9402 was used to transformPinus halepensis embryos, seedlings and shoots. Mature embryos exhibited susceptibility to the agrobacterium as monitored by -glucurortidase (GUS) expression, with more than 85% showing considerable transient GUS expression in the radicle. GUS expression was also observed in cotyledons, but at a lower rate of about 24% of the embryos (1–5 spots/embryo). Stable transformation was evidenced by the regeneration of GUS-expressing roots and calli from infectedP. halepensis seedlings. Inoculum injections into intact seedling hypocotyls induced callus and root formation at the wound sites in 64% of the seedlings. Dipping seedling cuttings in a bacterial suspension resulted in adventitious root formation in 7I% of the seedling cuttings, all of which expressed GUS activity. Adventitious shoots, that were induced on 2.5-year-old seedlings by pruning and spraying with 6-benzylaminopurine, were infected by injecting of bacterial suspension into their basal side. Two months later, adventitious roots and root primordia regenerated in 74% and 40% of 2- and 5-month-old shoots, respectively. Non-transformed shoots, either without or with auxin application, failed to form roots. Polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analyses confirmed theuidA-transgenic nature of the root and callus, as well as the presence ofrolC androlB genes in roots from infectedP. halepensis seedlings.Abbreviations BA 6-benzylaminopurine - NOS nopaline synthase - PCR polymerise chain reaction - EtOH ethanol - GUS -glucuronidase - NPTII neomycin phosphotransferase II - CaMV cauliflower mosaic virus - X-gluc 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl -D-glucuronic acid     

Indole acetic acid mimics the effect of salt stress in relation to enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in chickpea seedlings

The effect of addition of indole acetic acid (3 M) andNaCl (75 mM) on growth and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism inchickpea seedlings was compared. In comparison with control seedlings, theseedlings growing in the presence of indole acetic acid (IAA) had reducedamylase activity in cotyledons and enhanced sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrosephosphate synthase (SPS) activities in cotyledons and shoots at all days ofseedling growth. Compared with control seedlings, sucrose content was higher incotyledons, shoots and roots and reducing sugar content was lower in shoots ofIAA treated seedlings. A low invertase (acid and alkaline) activity in shoots ofIAA treated seedlings could lead to reduced sink strength and hence decreasedgrowth of seedlings. Effects of NaCl stress on growth and activities of amylase,SS and SPS in cotyledons and invertase, SS and SPS in shoots were similar tothose observed with addition of IAA.     

Development of 1-O-sinapoyl-β-D-glucose: L-malate sinapoyltransferase activity in cotyledons of red radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus)

Protein preparations from cotyledons of red radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus) catalyzed the the formation of depsides between cinnamic acids and L-malate, using 1-O-acyl glucose conjugates as the donors. This activity showed an absolute acceptor specificity towards L-malate and a pronounced donor specificity with 1-sinapoylglucose (1-O-sinapoyl--D-glucose). Maximal rate of sinapoyl-L-malate formation was found to be at pH 6.3, and there was no requirement for metal ions or sulfhydryl group reagents. The K _m values were found to be 0.46 mM for 1-sinapoylglucose and 54 mM for L-malate. Protein extracts obtained from seedlings at different stages of seedling development did not significantly differ with respect to the properties of the enzymatic activity. Appearance and development of extractable activities correlated well with the in vivo transacylation kinetics of 1-sinapoylglucose to sinapoyl-L-malate during seedling growth. Maximal activity was extracted from 10–14-d-old seedlings and found to be at 67 pkat pair^-1 of cotyledons. This new enzymatic activity in phenylpropanoid metabolism refers to an enzyme which can be classified as 1-sinapoylglucose: L-malate sinapoyltransferase (SMT) (EC 2.3.1.-).Abbreviations DTE dithioerythriol - HPLC high performance liquid chromatography - IAA indoleacetic acid - ME 2-mercaptoethanol - Mes 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid - Mops 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid - SMT 1-O-Sinapoyl--D-glucose: L-malate sinapoyltransferase     

Analysis of a dehiscence zone endo-polygalacturonase in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and Arabidopsis thaliana: evidence for roles in cell separation in dehiscence and abscission zones, and in stylar tissues during pollen tube growth

The oilseed rape (Brassica napus) endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) RDPG1 is involved in middle lamella breakdown during silique opening. We investigated tissue-specific expression of RDPG1 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Cellular localization of endo-PG protein in Arabidopsis siliques was determined by immuno-electron microscopy. An Arabidopsis orthologue, ADPG1, was isolated and aligned with the sequence of RDPG1. The proximal 5 sequences as well as introns are largely conserved. Analysis of the histological GUS-staining pattern of two RDPG1 promoter-GUS (-glucuronidase) constructs in transgenic Arabidopsis revealed that the conserved proximal part of the 5-flanking region directs expression in dehiscence zones of siliques and anthers, floral abscission zones and stylar tissues during pollen tube growth, branch points between stems and pedicel and expression associated with the apical meristem of seedlings, while the distal part of theRDPG1 5-flanking region contains elements involved in vascular-associated expression in petals, cotyledons and roots. Subsequent RT-PCR analysis, on RNA from the corresponding rape tissues, confirms the staining pattern revealed in transgenic Arabidopsis, thereby justifying the use of Arabidopsis as a reliable model system for analysis of oilseed rape regulatory sequences.