La acción tafonómica de mamíferos carnívoros en el sitio arqueológico Inca Cueva-cueva 4, borde oriental de la Puna argentina

In this paper, a model of carnivore taphonomic action in the Argentinean Puna is applied to archaeological site Inca Cueva-cueva 4, on the Eastern Fringe of the Puna East of the Andes cordillera, which contains hunter-gatherer occupations dating to the early and middle Holocene. Different indicators, such as the low levels of bone modifications (ca. 2 to 8% NISP), consisting mainly in subtle marks, suggest a low intensity of the intervention of carnivores during the formation of these deposits. Variables such as the frequency of carnivore scats attest to repeated carnivore visits to the cave, but the “dilution effect” upon the small faunal assemblages these carnivores tend to accumulate in a context of larger zooarchaeological assemblages would have faded their traces away.     

Una nueva especie de Pachynolophus (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) de Zambrana (Álava, Región Vasco-Cantábrica). Análisis filogenético de Pachynolophus y primera cita en el Eoceno superior de la Península Ibérica

Recent fieldwork in the Late Eocene of Zambrana (Álava, Basque-Cantabrian Region) has yielded a new species of Pachynolophus: P. zambranensis nov. sp. According to the phylogenetic analysis made in this study, the Zambrana species is part of the monophyletic Pachynolophus, which is defined at least by three synapomorphies: significant progressive increase of the size in the M1/1-M3/3 series, being M3/3 outstandingly bigger than M2/2; moderate increase of the relative surface of M3/ with respect to M2/ surface, and weak labial cingula in the lower series. Pachynolophus includes the species P. duvali, P. livinierensis, P. garimondi, P. lavocati, P. zambranensis, P. boixedatensis and P. cesserasicus. P. molipotensis and P. cayluxi are not represented by sufficient material to attribute them to Pachynolophus. P. bretovensis does not share a synapomorphy of Pachynolophus and P. hookeri should not be referred to this genus. P. zambranensis shares several synapomorphies with P. garimondi and P. lavocati, which are: the posprotocrista of the P3-4/ series is a well-defined lophe; the P4/ has a subquadrangular outline and shows a strong posterolingual cingulum, forming a posterior widening; and there is an “incipient mesostyle” (pseudomesostyle?) in the upper molars. The species P. zambranensis is mainly characterized by lophodont dentition, with the postprotocrista obliquely oriented to the ectoloph in the P3-4/ series, and a “pseudomesostyle” also present in the P3-4/ series. It represents the first mention of the genus Pachynolophus described in the Late Eocene of the Iberian Peninsula.     

Una nueva especie de Neuryurus Ameghino (Mammalia, Glyptodontidae) en el Pleistoceno tardío de la Mesopotamia de Argentina

Among the South American Pleistocene Glyptodontidae (Xenarthra, Cingulata), one of the most scarcely represented genus in the fossil record is Neuryurus Ameghino, in which the only well characterized species, until now, is Neuryurus rudis (Gervais), coming from the Ensenadan (early-middle Pleistocene) of the Pampean region, Argentina. In this contribution, we report and describe a new species of Neuryurus, coming from the Arroyo Feliciano Formation (early Lujanian; ca. 130 ka), Entre Ríos province, Argentina, in a particular palaebiogeographic context, more associated with the western sector of Uruguay and southern Brazil than the Pampean region. From a morphological perspective, this new taxon is characterized by: (a) the remarkable development of the foramina at the exposed surface of the osteoderms of the dorsal carapace, showing un aspect almost spongy; (b) the large diameter of the perforations observed in the ventral surface of the osteoderms, resembling to those present in the dorsal surface of the osteoderms of the Glyptodontidae Doedicurinae; (c) the evident thickness of the osteoderms, as in Glyptodon Owen; (d) area of contact and articulation of adjacent osteoderms very denticulate, with deep osseous interdigitating projections, as in Glyptodon and Glyptotherium Osborn, but here more evident; (e) larger osteoderms of the dorsal carapace showing, in the dorsal surface, many little conical tubercles, having some resemblance to Panochthus tuberculatus Burmeister. The presence of this new species in the early late Pleistocene of the Mesopotamic region is another element that adds to the biogeographical characterization of this particular area, especially evident during the warm and humid pulses of the late Pleistocene. In turn, this species represents the most complete record of the genus outside the Pampean region and partially complete the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of the genus.     

Anglesites gen. nov. (Ammonoidea, Ancyloceratina), un nouveau genre d’ammonites hétéromorphes du Barrémien supérieur du Sud-Est de la France

The revision of the Crioceras puzosianum d’Orbigny, 1842 made during the revision of the Paléontologie Française of d’Orbigny, shows that this taxon belongs to a new genus: Anglesites gen. nov. This new genus, from upper Barremian age, is monospecific for the moment and is homeomorphic to the Leptoceratoides from the Lower Barremian. It is temporarily included in the subfamily of the Leptoceratoidinae. A neotype for the “Crioceras” puzosianum d’Orbigny, 1842 is herein designated.     

Los géneros Praectenodonta, Praenucula y Notonucula (Palaeotaxodonta : Bivalvia) en el Siluro-Devónico de Bolivia

Taxonomy of 57 bivalves, internal and external molds is described in this paper, corresponding to three paleotaxodontids genera Praectenodonta, Praenucula and Notonucula. Samples were collected from nine sites, where stratigraphic columns were measured in Silurian to Devonian series from Altiplano, Cordillera Oriental and Interandean of Bolivia. For the first time in Bolivia, Praectenodonta and Notonucula have been identified. Four species have been described, three of them are new: Praectenodonta boliviensis n. sp., Praenucula quichua n. sp. and Notonucula altiplanica n. sp. Paleogeography of new species and genera is proposed.     

Revisión del género Diacodexis (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) en el Eoceno inferior del Noreste de España

Most of the material review in this paper was included in the work of Sudre et al. (1983), some other provides from new sites. Two new species of primitive artiodactyls are described here: Diacodexis corsaensis n. sp. and Eygalayodon isavenaensis n. sp., which is considered the most plesiomorphic form of the subfamily Eurodexeinae and probable derived from Diacodexis corsaensis n. sp. It is for the first time that a representative of the Eurodexeinae is found in the Iberian Peninsula, where they might originate.     

Fuciniceras paradoxus nov. sp. (Harpoceratinae, Ammonitina) du Domérien portugais. Réflexion sur le sens taxonomique d’un assemblage paradoxal de caractères

A new ammonite (Fuciniceras paradoxus) is described here. This Lower Domerian species is based on a recently revised collections which came from the Maria Pares section (Rabaçal area, South of Coimbra, Portugal). Curiously, shell of F. paradoxus bears both diagnostic traits for the genus Protogrammoceras SPATH (e.g. acute ogival ventral area) and Fuciniceras HAAS (e.g. angulirursiradiate rib). Thus, the new species can be viewed as a morphological puzzle and as a challenge for taxonomists. The amazing collection of morphological traits previously suspected as highly improbable because of biomechanical constraints (1) confirms the inadequacy of the traditional use of the genera Protogrammoceras and Fuciniceras, (2) refutes the idea of a univocal biomechanic link between the ventral area morphology and the ventral segment of ribs. If this analysis mainly concern the Harpoceratinae subfamily, its generalisation can also be interesting for other ammonites or molluscan groups.     

Rôle du gypaète barbu (Gypaetus barbatus) dans la constitution de l’assemblage osseux de la grotte du Noisetier (Fréchet-Aure,Hautes-Pyrénées,France)

Located in the Aure Valley (French central Pyrénées), the Noisetier cave opens at 825 m asl. This Middle Palaeolithic site has produced a Mousterian industry associated with a rich faunal assemblage. Bone remains are dominated by Chamois then Ibex and Red deer. Taphonomic analysis strongly suggests a human origin for the Ibex and the Red deer but questions arise for the Chamois. The chamois assemblage differed from the bones of both species by its low cut marks ratio. Semi-digested bones are particularly abundant. Differences are even more perceptible for skeletal portions. For Red deer and Ibex, long bone remains are mostly shaft portions whereas for Chamois, ends are the most abundant. Comparisons of the Noisetier cave bone assemblage with different present-day reference data leads to the conclusion that Chamois bones have mostly been accumulated by bearded vultures.     

Étude de Pseudanogmius maiseyi gen. et sp. nov., poisson marin (Teleostei, Tselfatiiformes) du Crétacé supérieur du Kansas (États-Unis)

The osteology of Pseudanogmius maiseyi gen. and sp. nov., a marine teleost of the Upper Cretaceous of Kansas, is studied. This fish belongs to the order Tselfatiiformes and more particularly to the group with a more or less flat skull roof and with large, quadrangular and joined parietals. Pseudanogmius maiseyi, formerly named Anogmius sp. by Hay (1903), differs from Bananogmius and the other genera known in the order by three autapomorphies: an elongated and very narrow vomer, a peculiar relief of the toothed part of the parasphenoid, and transverse processes on the caudal vertebrae. Within the order, it shows a few evolved characters, such as the loss of the preural 1 hemal arch and of the sixth autogenous hypural and by the shortening of the preural 1 neural spine.