中国蚜科一新纪录属--麻黄蚜属(同翅目:蚜科)

报道中国蚜科Aphididae 1新纪录属－麻黄蚜属Ephedraphis Hille Ris Lambers,1959和1新纪录种－麻黄蚜Ephedraphis gobica Szelegiewicz,1963。该蚜虫取食具有重要药用价值和固沙作用的麻黄属Ephedra spp.植物。麻黄蚜在中国采自宁夏回族自治区的盐池县和铜川市,国外分布在蒙古国,文中记述了麻黄蚜无翅孤雌蚜和有支孤雌蚜的形态特征及在中国的地理分布,绘制了形态特征图,研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆。     

刺蚜属分类学研究(半翅目,蚜科,毛管蚜亚科)

研究了刺蚜属Cervaphis van der Goot分类,该属世界已知5种1亚种;重新定义了该属的鉴别特征,编制了分种(亚种)检索表,补充了已知种的地理分布与寄主植物信息;记述了1中国新纪录种--棘刺蚜Cervaphisechinata Hille Ris Lambers,1956,提供了形态特征图和照片.研究标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆.     

扁蚜亚科昆虫虫瘿多样性研究(半翅目,蚜科)

虫瘿是蚜虫诱导植物异速生长的结果,虫瘿作为蚜虫重要的延伸特征,对蚜虫系统分类、系统发育关系、以及起源演化等研究具有非常重要的作用.而且虫瘿的形态结构、着生部位等在蚜虫的物种间存在非常丰富的多样性,是蚜虫重要的生物学特征,也是物种鉴定的重要依据之一.本文在已有标本采集记录和资料的基础上,从结瘿的植物、虫瘿着生部位、形态结构及类型等4个方面对扁蚜亚科虫瘿的多样性进行了系统研究.结果表明该亚科蚜虫大多都在原生寄主上形成虫瘿,个别属及种可在次生寄主上成瘿;虫瘿在类型上有虫瘿和伪虫瘿之别;在着生部位上,有叶片、叶脉、叶柄、小枝、粗枝等;虫瘿的形状也十分多样,有管状、袋状、球状、半球形、刺球状、纺锤形、圆锥形、分支状、香蕉束状等;在结构上既有单室、多室之分,也有开放型、封闭型之别.对于虫瘿多样性的研究,可为虫瘿演化规律的探讨提供重要信息,也是基于虫瘿进行物种鉴定的重要基础.     

坚瘿绵蚜属(半翅目,蚜科,瘿绵蚜亚科)分类

坚瘿绵蚜属Ceratopemphigus Schouteden是一个单型属,记述了模式种Ceratopemphigus zehntneri Schouteden,1905的新型--无翅孤雌蚜,对属征进行了补充和修订.同时,提供了寄主植物、地理分布、形态特征图等信息.研究标本保存在英国自然历史博物馆.     

中国根蚜属的研究（同翅目：蚜科：瘿绵蚜亚科）的研究（同翅目：蚜科：瘿绵蚜亚科）

系统研究了中国根蚜属Geoica Hart的蚜虫。中国分布有5种（亚种）,其中有二新种：拟钝毛根蚜G. parasetu losa Zhang et Qiao和尸根蚜G. necis Zhang et Qiao, 一新亚种：袋根蚜乌鲁木齐亚种G. urticularia urumqiensis Qiao et Zhang。该文提供了详细的形态特征记述,寄主植物和地理分布资料,中国分布种类的分种检索表和24幅形态特征图。所有标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆。     

球蚜科分类概述

球蚜科是蚜虫类的一个重要类群,包括多种林业害虫和检疫害虫,本文从形态特征、生活史、寄主植物、地理分布,进化起源等方面对世界及中国球蚜物种进行了综合论述.结果表明,球蚜科具有较多原始的特征,是蚜虫中较为古老的一类;球蚜具有包括异寄主全周期、异寄主不全周期、同寄主不全周期等复杂的生活周期,形成虫瘿是其主要的为害特征;球蚜科物种专性寄生在松科植物上,主要包括云杉属Picea、松属Pinus、落叶松属Larix、冷杉属Abies等属的植物,在蚜虫物种和寄主植物之间存在着平行演化的现象;球蚜的分布与寄主植物的分布相一致,主要是北半球温带和亚热带高山.世界球蚜有8属59种,区系成分主要是新北区、古北区.中国球蚜科有6属20种,分布在黑龙江、云南、四川等地,主要是古北区成分.初步推测球蚜科可能首先在松属植物上起源.     

中国蚜科一新纪录属——锐管蚜属(半翅目,蚜科)

记述了中国蚜科Aphididae 1新纪录属1新纪录种,即锐管蚜属Acutosiphon Basu,Ghosh and Raychaudhuri,1970,斜锐管蚜Acutosiphon obliquoris Basu,Ghosh and Raychaudhuri,1970.提供了形态描述、寄主植物、分布、形态特征图及形态照片.研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆.     

中国长斑蚜属研究及新种记述(同翅目：斑蚜科)

该文系统研究了中国长斑蚜属Tinocallis Matsumura的15种蚜虫,其中包括:1个新种,短节长斑蚜T. microtylodes sp.nov.和2个中国新记录种,斑长斑蚜T.platani(Kaltenbach,1943)和木兰长斑蚜T. magnoliae Ghosh & Raychaudhuri,1972。同时提供了该属中国分布种类的检索表,每种提供有详细的寄主植物和地理分布资料,新种还提供了重要的形态特征图。所有标本包括模式标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国卡绵蚜属研究(同翅目,蚜科,瘿绵蚜亚科)

研究了中国卡绵蚜属Kaltenbachiella Schouteden,共记述3种,光滑卡绵蚜K.glabra Akimoto,1985,尼卡绵蚜K.nirecola(Matsumura,1917),榆卡绵蚜K.ulmifusa (Walsh and Riley,1869)和1亚种,白卡绵蚜东台亚种K.pallida dongtainesis Zhang,1997.其中尼卡绵蚜和榆卡绵蚜为2新纪录种.提供了分种检索表、形态记述、寄主植物、地理分布及形态特征图.研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆.     

中国新纪录属--小裂绵蚜属(同翅目,瘿绵蚜科)

研究了中国瘿绵蚜科Pemphigidae 1新纪录属--小裂绵蚜属Schizoneurella Hille Ris Lambers,1973;记述1新纪录种,印度小裂绵蚜Schizoneurella indica Hille Ris Lambers,1973.标本采自云南省昭通市,该种在苹果Malus pumila根部取食,蚜虫是重要的苹果害虫,可造成较大经济损失.文中提供了各型检索表、形态记述、寄主植物及地理分布,配有形态特征图和野外生态照片.研究标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆和英国自然历史博物馆.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.