酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的:探讨酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用。方法:采用小鼠移植性肿瘤模型,以5-FU为阳性对照组,观测2、4、8mg.kg-1酯苷胶囊对小鼠H22、S180肉瘤和HCA肝癌模型动物的抗肿瘤作用。结果:酯苷胶囊对H22、S180和HCA移植瘤的抑制率分别为36.8%～65.3%,19.0%～41.4%,46.8%～52.3%。结论:酯苷胶囊具有较强的抗肿瘤作用,显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生命。     

新型光敏化剂——竹红菌甲素的抑瘤作用

 利用竹红菌甲素并结合其光敏特性进行了动物体内的抑瘤试验。发现患瘤局部表皮涂布竹红菌甲素软膏或局部皮下注射或腹腔注射甲素花生油溶液、并经光照致敏后能使小鼠S-180实体肉瘤生长减缓,甚至有个别消退。同时利用细胞培养法和~3H标记化合物参入法进行了甲素抑瘤作用的定量分析。发现作用时间固定时(光照40分钟后继续培养3小时),大于12.5ng/ml浓度的甲素能明显抑制~3H-TdR、~3H-UR和~3H-Leu对S-180肉瘤细胞的参入速率;剂量与抑制率呈正相关。据此结果求出甲素对S-180肉瘤细胞的有效抑制浓度(LD(50))为40ng/ml。光照组与无光照组差异有显著性。用Ebrlich腹水癌细胞为研究体系也得到了类似的试验结果。实验结果提示竹红菌甲素具有明显的抑瘤作用,这种作用与其光敏特性有关。     

生物信息大分子功能的研究——酵母甘露聚糖对鼠Sarcoma-180瘤生长的抑制效应

酵母甘露聚糖（Mannan,简称Man）是能参与生物信息流影响生物体、特别是在糖基化方面起着重要调控作用的生物信息大分子.它是否能在抑制生物机体中肿瘤生长方面具有重要作用？研究结果表明：酵母甘露聚糖既能使患S-180瘤鼠的体质增强的同时又有抑制其体内所患S-180瘤生长的功效.Man抑制患鼠机体内的S-180瘤生长的功效（抑瘤率）随用量的增加而提高,当Man用量达360 mg（40 mg/Kg/d·9d）时,其抑瘤率达98.4％的最高水平,此时鼠体重增加1.66倍.Man的抑瘤功效有最佳适用量并存在性别敏感性,通常是雄性鼠的抑瘤率高于雌性鼠.Man抑制鼠S-180肿瘤生长的作用优于市售5-氟尿嘧啶的作用.     

人骨骼肌肌钙蛋白C在大肠杆菌中的表达及其抗肿瘤作用

为了探索重组人骨骼肌型肌钙蛋白C(rhTnC)的抗肿瘤作用,采用PCR技术,从人乳腺cDNA文库中获得编码TnC的cDNA序列,在大肠杆菌中进行了表达.经镍柱亲和层析纯化后,分别检测其在体外对人脐静脉内皮细胞生长的抑制作用与对小鼠异位移植肿瘤(S-180)生长的抑制作用.结果表明,rhTnC在大肠杆菌中呈可溶性表达.分离纯化后的rhTnC在体外对人脐静脉内皮细胞生长呈剂量依赖性抑制(IC50为7.5μg/ml);对小鼠异位移植肿瘤的生长也有明显的抑制作用,在20mg/(kg·d)剂量下对S-180的抑制率为64.4%.以上结果说明,rhTnC可抑制血管内皮细胞生长,并具有抗肿瘤作用.     

酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的：探讨酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用。方法：采用小鼠移植性肿瘤模型,以5-FU为阳性对照组,观测2、4、8mg·kg^-1酯苷胶囊对小鼠H22、S180肉瘤和HCA肝癌模型动物的抗肿瘤作用。结果：酯苷胶囊对H22、S180和HCA移植瘤的抑制率分别为36．8％～65．3％,19．0％～41．4％,46．8％～52．3％。结论：酯苷胶囊具有较强的抗肿瘤作用,显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生命。     

磁感应热疗联合放疗对小鼠4T1移植瘤的杀伤作用

目的:探讨磁感应热疗联合放疗在小鼠4T1乳腺癌细胞株皮下移植瘤模型中的治疗作用.方法:小鼠经皮下移植4T1乳腺癌细胞株,建立皮下移植瘤模型,待肿瘤直径达到10mm左右,然后将其分为以下4组进行处理:标准对照组(未做任何特殊处理,C组)、单纯热疗组(48±2℃10min,MIH组)、单纯放疗组(10Gyx2次,R组)、热放联合组(10Gyx1次+48±2℃10min,MIH+R组).观察各治疗组和对照组的肿瘤体积的大小、肿瘤体积抑制率.每组分别在实验处理后24小时处死小鼠应用免疫组化检测肿瘤组织中Bcl-2和Caspase-3的表达情况.结果:热疗后的第1-4周MIH+R组的肿瘤体积抑制率分别为(64.38±17.97)％、(73.90± 9.48)％、(77.43±0.71)％、(73.17±8.58)％;MIH组的分别为(40.66+ 21.46)％、(54.60±10.20)％、(51.22+ 5.05)％、(39.53±5.49)％;R组的肿瘤体积抑制率分别为(51.60±18.93)％、(57.53±9.76)％、(52.34±7.42)％、(35.42±4.14)％.与对照组相比,各治疗组均能抑制肿瘤的生长(P＜0.05).其中以MIH+R组抑瘤作用最显著.与其它组相比,Bcl-2在MIH+R组的表达显著下降,而Caspase-3的表达显著上升,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:磁感应热疗与放疗均能诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,有效地抑制小鼠4T1乳腺癌细胞株皮下移植瘤的生长,而磁感应热疗与放疗的联合治疗的抑瘤作用最显著,而且降低了放疗剂量.     

固本抑瘤Ⅲ号方联合吉西他滨对人胰腺癌裸鼠异位移植瘤的抑瘤作用

目的探讨固本抑瘤Ⅲ号方以及与吉西他滨联合治疗人胰腺癌裸鼠异位移植瘤的抑瘤作用。方法将40只荷瘤裸鼠随机分为对照组、吉西他滨组、固本抑瘤Ⅲ号联合吉西他滨组、固本抑瘤Ⅲ号组,每组10只。于接种后第8天开始给药,观察指标为瘤重、裸鼠体重、移植瘤体积。结果吉西他滨组、固本抑瘤Ⅲ号联合吉西他滨组、固本抑瘤Ⅲ号组的抑瘤率分别为49.2%、68.9%和28.0%。固本抑瘤Ⅲ号联合吉西他滨组较吉西他滨组抑瘤作用更强(P0.05)。吉西他滨组、固本抑瘤Ⅲ号联合吉西他滨组、固本抑瘤Ⅲ号组移植瘤体积均较对照组明显降低,差异有显著性。固本抑瘤Ⅲ号联合吉西他滨组体重下降明显,体重较对照组、吉西他滨组及固本抑瘤Ⅲ号组明显下降,差异有显著性。结论固本抑瘤Ⅲ号方具有增加吉西他滨化疗治疗人胰腺癌裸鼠腋下移植瘤疗效的作用。     

不同灵芝菌株菌丝体乙醇提取物体外抑瘤活性的比较和机理

以人急性早幼粒白血病细胞HL-60细胞株作为模型,用MTT法测定生长抑制率,流式细胞Annexin Ⅴ实验和DNA含量法研究抑瘤机制,比较了8个灵芝Ganoderma lucidum菌株发酵菌丝体乙醇提取物的体外抗肿瘤活性和抑瘤机制。筛选结果得到了能产生高抑瘤活性乙醇提取物的灵芝菌株L5。其对HL-60细胞的抑制率为91.4±0.9%(72小时,125μg/mL); 作用48小时后,13.3%的细胞发生早期凋亡,G0/G1期细胞比例比对照组增加15.9%,而S期细胞比例则下降了8.4%,G2/M期细胞数减少7.6%。本研究证明了灵芝菌丝体乙醇提取物能有效抑制HL-60肿瘤细胞的体外生长,抑制率与菌株相关,其抑瘤机制与细胞G0/G1期阻滞和诱导凋亡有关。     

金顶侧耳多糖PC-4的结构确定与抗肿瘤活性的研究

从3％三氯乙酸浸提过的金顶侧耳(Pleurotus citrinopileatus)子实体中分离纯化另一水溶性多糖PC-4。该多糖分子量约为189Kd。纸层析与气相层析分析表明其为单一葡聚糖。经高碘酸氧化,Smith降解,甲基化,气相层析,气质联机分析,核磁共振(~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR)谱及红外光谱测定等,可确定PC-4的主链结构由β(1→3)糖苷键相连的葡萄糖构成,部份残基C_6上带有分支。约每5个糖残基有两个侧链,侧链仅为1个葡萄糖残基。 给ICR小鼠腹腔注射PC-4,对移植性肿瘤S-180有一定的抑制作用,抑瘤率为67％。离体条件下,PC-4与肿瘤细胞S-180共同培养,则未显示抑瘤作用。     

腺病毒介导的nm23-H1对人结直肠癌裸鼠移植作用的实验研究

目的 探讨Ad-GFP-nm23-Hl对人高转移结直肠癌移植瘤的抑制作用,为临床肿瘤基因治疗提供一定的理论依据.方法 将15只人结直肠癌移植瘤裸鼠随机分为高剂量组(1010 PFU/ml Ad-GFP-nm23-Hl)、低剂量组(109 PFU/ml Ad-GFP-nm23-Hl)、阴性对照组(PBS).均采用瘤体注射给药,连续给药4 d,每2 d测一次肿瘤体积.观察10 d后取瘤块称重和组织病理学检查.结果 Ad-GFP-nm23-Hl高剂量组移植瘤体积较其他各组明显缩小(P<0.05),瘤体积抑制率和瘤重抑制率分别为76%和66%. 结论 Ad-GFP-nm23-Hl对人高转移结直肠癌移植瘤有抑制作用,并存在剂量依赖性.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.