Validity/reliability of sweat analysis by whole-body washdown vs. regional collections

Six subjects (25.3 +/- 3.3 yr, mean +/- SD) exercised for 60 min at 42 +/- 4 [low (L)], 55 +/- 6 [moderate (M)], and 67 +/- 4 %VO2max [high (H)] in a moderate environment. Sweat collected from upper back (UB), lower back (LB), midchest (MC), stomach (S), and thigh (T) areas as well as by whole-body washdown (W) was analyzed for urea nitrogen (N). With the exception of the L where all regional measures were similar, all sites overestimated W (several significantly, P less than 0.05). Regression analysis estimations of W (mg/h) from regional collections were as follows--L: W = 0.727 (S) - 1.366(UB) + 1.181(T) + 65.470 +/- 29.5, R = 0.90; M: W = 0.598(MC) - 0.649(UB) + 0.244(LB) + 43.238 +/- 30.4, R = 0.99; H: W = 0.274(S) - 0.560(T) + 0.223(MC) + 131.104 +/- 4.3, R = 0.99; All Intensities: W = 0.497(MC) - 0.483(T) + 0.112(LB) + 69.554 +/- 31.5, R = 0.96. W recovery of exogenous urea N applied to each subject's body was 98.3 +/- 2.7% (mean +/- SE). Interinvestigator reliability coefficient (r = 0.511) was significant (P less than 0.01) but relatively low and the between investigator urea N recovery (93.3 +/- 3.7 vs. 103.2 +/- 3.5%) was significantly different (P less than 0.05). Repeated W determinations by the same investigator were not different (P greater than 0.05), but intrainvestigator reliability coefficients differed widely (0.385 vs. 0.820). Together, these data indicate that W solute recovery can be high; however, both inter- and intrainvestigator reliability can vary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Reviews

Book Reviewed in This Article:
Tropische Nutzpflanzen. By H einz B rücher .
The Molecular Biology of Plant Cells. Ed. by H. S mith .
Plant Metabolism. By H. D. K umar and H. N. S ing h.
The Ribonucleic Acids. Ed. by P. R. S tewart and D. S. L etham .
Transport Phenomena in Plants. By D. A. B aker .
Transport of Ions and Water in Animals. Ed. by B. L. G upta , R. B. M oreton , J. L. O scham and B. J. W all .
Water in Plants Bibliography. Ed. by J. P ospisilova and J. S olarova .
Advances in Botanical Research. Vol. 4. Ed. by R. D. P reston and H. W. W oolhouse .
Progress in Botany: Morphology: Physiology: Genetics: Taxonomy: Geobotany. Ed. by H einz E llenerg , K arl E sser , H ermann M erxmuller , E berhard S chnepf and H ubert Z eigler .
Progress in Botany – Morphology, Physiology, Genetics, Taxonomy, Geobotany. Ed. by H. E llenberg , K. E sser , H. M erxmüller , E. S chnepf and H. Z iegler .
Plant Root Systems. By R. S cott R ussell .
Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises. Edited by K enneth S. N orris .     

The importomer--a peroxisomal membrane complex involved in protein translocation into the peroxisome matrix

The import of proteins into the peroxisome matrix is an essential step in peroxisome biogenesis, which is critical for normal functioning of most eukaryotic cells. The translocation of proteins across the peroxisome membrane and the dynamic behavior of the import receptors during the import cycle is facilitated by several peroxisome-membrane-associated protein complexes, one of which is called the importomer complex [B. Agne, N.M. Meindl, K. Niederhoff, H. Einwachter, P. Rehling, A. Sickmann, H.E. Meyer, W. Girzalsky, W.H. Kunau, Pex8p: an intraperoxisomal organizer of the peroxisomal import machinery, Mol. Cell 11 (2003) 635-646; P.P. Hazra, I. Suriapranata, W.B. Snyder, S. Subramani, Peroxisome remnants in pex3Delta cells and the requirement of Pex3p for interactions between the peroxisomal docking and translocation subcomplexes, Traffic 3 (2002) 560-574. ]. We provide below a brief historical perspective regarding the importomer and its role in peroxisome biogenesis. We also identify areas in which further work is needed to uncover the physiological role of the importomer.     

Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Molecular Biology of Photosynthesis. Ed. By G ovindjee , H. J. B ohnert , W. B ottomley , D. A. B ryant , J. E. M ullet , W. L. O gren , H. P akrasi and C. R. S omerville .
Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Ethylene Production in Lower and Higher Plants. Ed. by H. C lijsters , M. de P roft , R. M arcelle and M. V an P oucke .
Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur Utilisation by Fungi. By L. B oddy , R. M archant and D. J. R ead .
Fungi and Ecological Disturbance. Ed. by L. B oddy , R. W atling and A. J. E. L yon .
Phytoplankton , 2nd Edn. By A. D. B oney .
The Holocene: An Environmental History. By N eil R oberts .
Chambers Biology Dictionary. Ed. by P. M. B. W alker , C.B.E., F.R.S.E.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Botanical Pen-Portraits . By J. W. M oll and Dr H. H. J anssonius .
Diseases of Crop Plants in the Lesser Antilles . By W illiam N owell
The Principles of Insect Control . By R obert A. W ardle , M.Sc. and P hilip B uckle
Diseases of Greenhouse Plants . By W. F. B ewley     

世界秋海棠属侧膜组植物新资料

记述了秋海棠属侧膜组11新种,即星果草叶秋海棠(BegoniaasteropyrifoliaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、耳托秋海棠(B.auritistipulaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、桂南秋海棠(B.austroguangxiensisY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、水晶秋海棠(B.crystallinaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、须苞秋海棠(B.fimbribracteataY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、巨叶秋海棠(B.gigaphyllaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、黄氏秋海棠(B.huangiiY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、长柱秋海棠(B.longistylaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、扁果秋海棠(B.platycarpaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、喙果秋海棠(B.rhynchocarpaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、多变秋海棠(B.variifoliaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen);并报道了3新变种及1新名称,即疏毛越南秋海棠(B.boniiGagnep.var.remotisetulosaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、密毛龙州秋海棠(B.morseiIrmsch.var.myriotrichaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)、簇毛伞叶秋海棠(B.umbr-aculifoliaY.WanetB.N.Changvar.flocculosaY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)及彩纹秋海棠(B.variegataY.M.ShuietW.H.Chen)。     

Books

Book reviews in this article:
H andbook of M arine M ammals . V olume 3: T he S irenians and B aleen W hales . S. H. Ridgway and R. Harrison (eds.).
L es P hoques M oines -M onk S eal . Ronald and R. Duguy (eds.).
T he E lements of G raphing D ata . W. S. Cleveland.
G uia P ara el R econocimiento de C etaceos del M ar A rgentino . A. Lichter and A. Hooper.
M amiferos M arinos de C hile . W. Sielfeld K.
T he W hale W atcher's H andbook . E. Hoyt. Illustrations by P. Folkens.
W hales and D olphins of N ew Z ealand and A ustralia : A n I dentification G uide . A. N. Baker.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Plant Cells . By F. A. L. C lowes and B. E. J uniper .
The History of British Vegetation . By W inifred P ennington . Modern Biology: General Editor J. E. W ebb .
Flora Europaea , Vol. II. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Ed. by T. G. T utin , V. H. H eywood , N. A. B urges , D. M. M oore , D. H. V alentine , S. M. W alters and D. A. W ebb .
Desert Wild Flowers . By E dmund J aeger .
British Mosses and Liverworts . By E. V. W atson .
Anatomy of the Monocotyledons , Vol. III. Commelinales—Zingiberales . By P. B. T omlinson . General Editor C. R. M etcalfe .
Biological Science—The Web of Life . Supervising Editor, D. M organ .
Plant Chimeras . By W. N eilson -J ones .
The Potatoes of Argentine, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, a Biosystematic Study . By J. G. H awkes and J. P. H jerting .
Towards an Understanding of the Mechanism of Heredity . By H. L. K. W hitehouse .
Viruses in Plant Hosts; Form, Distribution and Pathologic Effects . By K atherine E sau .
An Introduction to Industrial Mycology . By G eorge S mith .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
S upplement T o I ndex B ergeyana (1981). Edited by N.E. Gibbons, K.B. Pattee & J.G. Holt.
L aboratory P rocedures I n C linical M icrobiology (1981). Edited by J.A. Washington.
D enitrification (1981). W.J. Payne.
B acterial P lasmids (A spects of M icrobiology N o . 4) (1981). K. Hardy.
E nvironmental M icrobiology (1981). W.D. Grant & P.E. Long.
H andbuch der B acteriellen I nfektionen bei T ieren . B and III (1981). Edited by H. Blobel & T. Schliesser.
B acterial T oxins and C ell M embranes (1978). Edited by N. Jeljaszewicz & T. Wadstrom.     

REVIEWS

O n the N orthwest : C ommercial W haling in the P acific N orthwest 1790–1967. Robert Lloyd Webb.
T he S ei W hale : P opulation B iology , E cology and M anagement . Joseph Horwood
W ildlife R adio T agging , E quipment , F ield T echniques and D ata A nalysis . Robert Hayward.
B iology of the G enus C ephalorhynchus . R. L. Brownell, Jr. and G. P. Donovan, eds.
H andbook of M arine M ammals . V olume 4: R iver D olphins and the L arger T oothed W hales . S. H. Ridgway and R. Harrison, eds.
P olar B ears . Ian Stirling.
T he W hales of H awaii . Kenneth C. Balcomb, III.
W hales , D olphins and P orpoises . Richard Harrison and M. M. Bryden, eds.     

Reviews

Advances in Botanical Research . Vol. 14. Ed. by J. A. C allow .
Inorganic Nitrogen Metabolism . Ed. by W. R. U llrich , P. J. A paricio , P. J. S yrett and F. C astillo .
A Centry od Nitrogen Fixation Research . Ed. by F. J. B ergersen and J. R. P ostgate .
Horizons in Lichenology . Ed. by D. H. D alby , D. L. H awksworth and S. L. J ury .
Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry , By J. B. H arborne .
Russell's Soil Conditions and Plant Growth, Ed. by A lan W ild .
Disease and Plant Population Biology . By J. J. B urdon.
Molecular Determinants of Plant Diseases . Ed. by S. N ishimura , C. P. V ance and N. D oke.
British Fungus Flora, Agrics and Boleti 5. Strophariaceae & Coprinaceae P.P.: Hypholoma, Melanotus, Psilocybe, Stropharia, Lacrymaria & Panaeolus, Psilocybe, Stropharia, Lacrymaria & Panaeolus, By R W atling and M. N. G regory .
Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects . Ed. by W. J. M attson , J. L evieux and C. B ernard -D agan .
Air Pollution and Acid Rain. The Biological Impact . By A. W ellburn .
The Australian Paniceae (Paniceae) . By R. D. W erster .
Kew Index for 1986 . Compiled by R.A. D avies and K.M. L loyd .
Kew Index for 1987 . Compiled by R. A. D avies and K. M. L loyd .
Index Kewensis Supplement XVII . Compiled by J. L. M. P inner , T. A. B ence , R. A. D avies and K. M. L loyd .
Index Kewensis Supplement XVIII . Compiled by J. L. M. P inner , T. A. B ence , R. A. D avies and K. M. L loyd . Edited by R. A. D avies .
The Botany of Mangroves . By P. B. T omlinson .
Floweroing Plants in West Africa . By M argaret S teentoft .
Plants in Danger . By S. D. D avies     

Reviews

Principles of General Physiology. Vol. 11: General Physiology. By L. E. B ayliss
Hackfruchtkrankheiten und Nematodenforschung. Editor H. G offart.
Advances in Applied Microbiology. Vol. 1. Editor W. W. U mbreit
Advances in Applied Microbiology. Vol. 11. Editor W. W. U mbreit
Der Vielfrass (Gulo gulo L. 1758). Zur Kenntnis seiner Naturgeschichte und seiner Bedeutung für den Menschen. By P. K rott
Control of Rats in Sewers. By E. W. B entley
Introduction to Probability and Statistics. By H. L. A lder and E. B. R oessler
Methods of Testing Chemicals on Insects. Vol. 11. Edited by H. H. S hepard
The Biology of Marine Animals. By J. A. C olin N icol
The Effects of Pollution on Living Material. Edited by W. B. Y app
Taxonomy of Flowering Plants. By C. L. P orter
Bananas. By N. W. S immonds
Atlas of Bacterial Flagellation. By E inar L eifson
Diagnostik der Bakterien und Actinomyceten. By N. A. K rassilnikov , M oscow , translated into German by R. W. W ittwer and R. D ickscheit
A Review of the Biological Control of Insects and Weeds in Australia and Australian New Guinea. By F rank W ilson
The Ecology of Soil Fungi. Edited by D. P arkinson and J. S. W aid . (An International Symposium)
Introduction to Plant Geography and Some Related Sciences. By N icholas P olunin     

Changes in FaRP-like peptide levels during development of eggs from the plant-parasitic cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines

The plant-parasitic cyst nematode Heterodera glycines requires a host plant to complete its life cycle, which involves hatching of infective juveniles that parasitize through root entry. A laboratory population of H. glycines grown on soybean, Glycine max, undergoes a sharp increase in maturity between 5 and 6 weeks in culture, as measured by the proportion of eggs containing well developed pre-hatch juveniles (late development eggs) versus eggs without visible juveniles (early development eggs). The median percent of eggs classified as late development, representing all samples taken from 4 to 7 weeks in culture, was 61%. For all samples taken up to 5 weeks, 80% scored below the median. In samples taken after 5 weeks, 15% scored below the median. This shift in population maturity was accompanied by a significant increase (P < 0.01) in the number of hatched juveniles present in each sample. There was also a significant increase (P < 0.02) in amount of FaRP-like peptide detected by specific ELISA. Total FaRP levels increased from 0.18 +/- 0.07 fMol FLRFamide equivalents per ng protein in early development eggs to 0.40 +/- 0.17 in late development eggs. The level remained high in hatched juveniles. HPLC/ELISA detected as many as nine potential FaRPs in H. glycines, two of which were specifically increased (P < 0.005) in hatched juveniles. The association of FaRPs with maturing eggs and the possible involvement of these neuropeptides with juvenile hatching and motility are discussed.     

Review

Book Reviewed in this article:
Organelle Heredity. B y N icolas W. G illham .
Microbodies/Peroxisomen pflanzicher Zellen. By B. G erhardt .
Plant Metabolism. By G erhard R ichter .
Water in Plants Bibliography. Ed. by J. P ospisilova and J. S olarova .
Plant Growth Analysis. By R oderick H unt .
Progress in Botany. Morphology, Physiology, Genetics, Taxonomy, Geobotany. Ed. by H. E llenberg , K. E sser , H. Merxmüller, E. S chnepf and H. Z iegler .
Organisation in Plants. By W. M. M. B aron .
Plant Breeding for Pest and Disease Resistance. By G. E. R ussell .
Incompatibility in Angiosperms. By D. D e N ettancourt .
Soybean Physiology, Agronomy and Utilization. Ed. by A. G. N orman .
Flora of Turkey , Volume 6 ( Lobehaceae to Scrophulariaceae ). Ed. by P. H. D avis , assisted by J. R. E dmondson , R. R. M ill and B.S.P arris .
Tropical Trees and Forests. An Architectural Analysis. By F.H allé , R.A.A. O ldeman and P. B. T omlinson .
Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen. By H einz E llenberg .     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
A Dictionary of the Flowering Plants and Ferns . By the late J. C. W illis . Seventh edition, revised by H. K. A iry S haw .
The Principles of Pollination Ecology . By K. F aegri and L. van D er P ijl .
Studies in Biology, No. 5, Plant Taxonomy . By V. H. H eywood .
Deadly Harvest . By J ohn M. K ingsbury .
Plant Physiology . By H enrik G. L undegardh . Translated by F. M. I rvine , Translation edited by W. O. J ames .
The Biology of Lichens . By M ason E. H ale J r . In: Contemporary Biology Series, General editors E. J. W. B arrington and A. J. W illis .
Plant Biology Today . Second edition. Ed. by W. A. J ensen and L. G. K avaljian .
Organisation in Plants . Second edition. By B. M. B aron .
Fortschritte der Botanik , Band 28. Ed. by E. B ünning , H. E llenberg , K. E sser , H. M erxmuller and P. S itte .
Taxonomy of Flowering Plants . Second edition. By C. L. P orter .
The Study of Biology . By J. J. W. B aker and G. E. A llen .
Experiments in the Study of Biology . By J. J. W. B aker , G. E. A llen , E. G age and S. K. W ebster .
Grundriss der Phytopathologie iind des Pflanzenschutzes . By H ans -A lfred K irchner .
Bibliography of Seeds . Compiled and edited by L. V. B arton .
Pollen Grains of Western Himalaxan Plants . By P. K. K. N air .
Families of Flowering Plants in Ethiopia . By W. C. B urger .     

Besprechungen

Book reviews in this article:
Angewandte Entomologie . Herausgegeben von R. F ritzsche , H. G eiler und U. S edlag unter Mitarbeit von L. B ritz , H. G. H erbst , J. O. H üsing , E. K arl , W. L ehmann , G. M asurat , H.-J. M üller , P. M üller , J. N itschmann , H.-W. N olte , G. P roeseler , H. B. S chmidt und W. T annert .
Kelman, A. et al. (Herausg.) , „Sourcebook of Laboratory Exercises in Plant Pathology.”
Proceedings of an international symposium on physiological and biochemical aspects of host-pathogen interactions . (Herausgegeben von A. F uchs und O. M. van A ndel )
Esau, K. , Viruses in plant hosts.
Oberzill, W. , Mikrobiologisdie Analytik — Grundlagen der quantitativen Erfassung von Umwelteinwirkungen auf Mikroorganismen.     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Nitrogen Fixation by Free-living Micro-organisms. Ed. by W. D. P. S tewart .
International Biological Programme. Volume 7: Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Plants. Ed. by P. S. N utman .
Gibberellins and Plant Growth. Ed. by H. M. K rishnamoorthy .
Cytodifferentiation in Plants. By L. W. R oberts .
Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series. Ed. by A. P irson and M. H. Z immerman .
Traité de Paléobotanique : Volume 4, fascicle 2: Pteridophylla (ist part). By E. B oureau and J. D oubinger .
Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Volume 5. Ed. by P. H. D avis , assisted by V. A. M atthews , F. K. K upicha & B. S. P arris .
Physiological Plant Ecology. By W. L archer . Translated from the German by M. A. B iederman -T horson .
The Biology of Eucalypts , By L. D. P ryor .
The Morphology of Pteridophytes. By K. R. S porne .
European Floristic and Taxonomic Studies, B.S.B.I. Conference Report No. 15. Ed. by S. M. W alters (with the assistance of C. J. K ing ).     

广东竹亚科新组合及新异名

报道了广东竹亚科13新组合,1新名称和3新异名,其中筋竹属3新组合1新名称,牡竹属4新组合,青篱竹属5组合1新异名,箬竹属2新异名及方竹属1新组合.     

新种祁门过路黄的核型证据

对新种祁门过路黄及其近缘种巴东过路黄和光叶巴东过路黄的核型在居群水平上进行了比较研究。结果表明这两种植物的核型特征在种内是稳定的,同一物种的不同居群间核型无明显差异。祁门过路黄的核型为2n=2x=24=6m+6sm+6st+6t;巴东过路黄和光叶巴东过路黄的核型均为2n=2x=24=6m+4sm+6st+8t;两物种间核型差异显著,核型特征支持将祁门过路黄作为新种处理。