贵州茂兰自然保护区蜻蜓多样性初步研究

2011年7月在贵州茂兰自然保护区的一些比较适合蜻蜓生长的水域附近进行了蜻蜓采集,用静观和网捕法记录采集路线两侧各20m范围内的蜻蜓,鉴定统计后分析其区系成分及多样性.结果表明:1)贵州茂兰地区现有蜻蜓65种,隶属于11科42属;2)东洋界种类较多,有31种,占总数的47.69％;古北界种类相对较少,只有1种,约占总数的1.54％;3)贵州茂兰地区蜻蜓的多样性指数为2.8617,均匀度指数为0.6855,优势度指数为0.1385,优势集中性指数为0.1006;4)5个样点之间的相似性指数均在30％ ～55％之间,且只有捞村与翁昂为53.41％,捞村52.77％大于板王50％,这可能与茂兰地区生境的多样性相对较高,适宜蜻蜓生存的生境多有关.     

南京老山地区蜻蜓目昆虫区系分析及多样性研究

2005～2007年对南京老山地区蜻蜓目昆虫进行了调查研究,通过对采集标本的鉴定和分类,初步确定南京老山地区蜻蜓目昆虫有2亚目6科21属30种, 其中7种是江苏省新纪录.其区系组成的特点是:东洋区有8种,占总数的26.67%;古北区有2种,占总数的6.67%;东洋区-古北区有11种,占总数的36.67%;广布种有9种,占总数的30.00%.通过对春、夏、秋三季蜻蜓多样性的研究,发现春、夏、秋三季蜻蜓的种类数量为夏季>春季>秋季.     

江苏蜻蜓区系及多样性

2005-2010年,在江苏一些比较适合蜻蜓生长的水域附近进行了蜻蜓采集,用静观和网捕法记录采集路线两侧各20m范围内的蜻蜓,鉴定统计后分析其区系成分及多样性.结果表明:江苏地区现有蜻蜓53种,隶属于11科35属;古北-东洋种类较多,有18种,占总数的33.96%;古北界种类相对较少,只有5种,约占总数的9.43%;江苏地区蜻蜓的多样性指数为3.108,均匀度指数为0.782,优势度指数为0.169,优势集中性指数为0.072;南京和连云港地区蜻蜓的物种丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度指数最高,优势集中性指数最低,这可能与这两地生境的多样性相对较高、适宜蜻蜓生存的生境多有关.     

广东省珠海地区蜻蜓目昆虫物种多样性调查

2006～2008年对广东省珠海地区的蜻蜓资源进行调查研究.经过对采集标本的鉴定,珠海地区蜻蜓目昆虫为2亚目7科19属24种,其中2种为广东新记录种,7种为优势种.该地区蜻蜓几的区系特点是:东洋种15种,占总数的50.00%;古北种11种,占总数的36.67%;广布种4种,占总数的13.33%.     

宁波四明山区的蜻蜓

2009—2010年对宁波四明山地区的蜻蜓资源进行了野外调查,共采集蜻蜓标本460只,隶属9科32属43种。蜻科Libellulidele为优势科(17种,占总数的39.5%),灰蜻属Orthetrum为优势属(5种,占属总数的15.6%)。单种单属有25个,占总属数的78.1%,说明四明山区蜻蜓区系在起源和构成上比较复杂。四明山区蜻蜓区系以东洋区和跨古北区-东洋区种类占优势。调查发现水体污染、湿地过度开发利用已经成为该地区蜻蜓目昆虫及其它水生生物面临的主要威胁。     

宁波地区蝴蝶种类调查及区系分析

宁波地区蝶类164种,尿属于11科106属,其中,东洋种81个,占总数的49．39％,古北种15个,占总数的9．14％,东洋古北共有种65个,占39．63％,广布种3个,占1．82％,区系分析表明,本地区蝶类资源属于东洋区系范畴,并具有东洋区向古北区过渡的特性,蝶类分布型有24个,仅限于华中,华南,西南3区分布的种类有49个,占总数的近1／3,调查发现浙江省新纪录3种。     

中国苔草属二柱苔草亚属的系统总览及植物地理学的研究

本文对我国苔草属二柱苔草亚属Subgen．Vignea作了系统排列,并提出以下几点的看法： 1．二柱苔草亚属是苔草属中比较自然的一个类群,我国有48种、7亚种和1变种,隶属于16个组。根据Takhtajan的世界植物区划,将它们分成4种成分,即：(1)环北方植物地区成分,占总数的20．4％;(2)东亚植物地区成分,占总数的55.5％。实际上,只有4个分类群出现于中国-喜马拉雅森林植物亚区,而其余的都均分布于中国-日本森林植物亚区,并且在这一亚区内有8个特有成分,占特有成分总数的61.5％;显然,中国二柱苔草亚属在中国-日本森林植物亚区内的分化较其他地区更为强烈;(3)伊朗—吐兰植物地区成分,占总数的16.7％;(4)印度支那植物地区成分和印度植物地区成分,占总数的7.4％。 2．高节苔草C．thomsonii和云雾苔草C．nubigena类群是Subgen．Vignea中较为原始的种类,它们为印度支那植物地区和印度植物地区成分。这样非但Subgen．Indocarex原始类群分布于东南亚和马来西亚,而Subgea．Vignea的原始类群也分布于东南亚,这也是对Nelmes提出Carex起源于印度-马来西亚地区的一个佐证。     

北京师范大学校园秋季鸟类环志报告

2001年9月3日至11月10日,在北京师范大学生物园经过51d的工作,共网捕环志鸟类2目10科28种165只。其中留鸟4种,占总数的14．29％;旅鸟18种,占总数的64．29％;夏候鸟4种,占总数的14．29%;冬候鸟2种,占总数的7．15％。通过网捕环志技术,并结合春季同一地区的环志结果,分析了迁徙季节本地区鸟类群落的组成,以及群落随时间、季节的变化情况。     

浙江省外来入侵植物研究

基于国内外文献资料、标本信息和野外调查,初步整理了浙江省外来入侵植物的种类组成、生活型、原产地、危害程度和入侵途径。结果表明,浙江省现有外来人侵植物46科106属166种,种数最多的是菊科、豆科和禾本科。根据原产地分析,来源于南美洲的物种最多,约占总数的32．16％,其次为北美洲,约占总数的25．63％,欧洲排第三位,约占总数的19．59％;已产生严重危害的有23种,中等危害的60种,危害较轻的83种。还有一些物种虽然没有在表里列出,但它们具有潜在的危害,必须密切关注。同时,与之前的研究相比,我们去除了一些已报道为人侵的物种,又增加了一些新的入侵种。在此基础上,对浙江省外来入侵植物的生活型、来源及危害进行了分析,并与以往的研究进行了比较,提出了针对性的管理建议。     

江西官山自然保护区蝶类区系分析

对江西官山自然保护区172种蝶类进行区系分析,结果显示该区蝶类以东洋界为主体,计106种,占总数的61．63％：古北界11种,占总数的6．40％;东洋、古北二界共有种36种,占总数的20．93％。本文记述了官山产39种蝶类分布区的南北限。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.