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1.
Background
First author attempted to analyse medical records of patients with idiopathic scoliosis for compliance with the Scoliosis Research Society brace studies criteria. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 2705 girls treated from 1989 to 2002 was carried out.Methods
Age, Cobb, Risser and menarchal status were analyzed for compliance with the Scoliosis Research Society brace studies criteria: a) age ≥10 years, b) Risser 0–2, c) 25–40° Cobb angle, d) no earlier treatment, e) patients before first menses or not more than one year from first menses.Results
It has been found that 183 girls out of 2705 were ≥10 years old and in the range 25–40° Cobb angle. One hundred two out of 2705 patients revealed eligible for brace effectiveness study according to SRS 2005 criteria. 120 out of 2705 patients revealed eligible for brace brace effectiveness study according to SRS-SOSORT 2014 criteria.Conclusion
The excluded patients revealed too old or with too significant Cobb angles. This indicates the changing criteria for scoliosis brace treatment over the time. Direct comparison of current results of brace treatment with historical series of cases turns out to be very difficult.2.
Lucas Piantoni Carlos A. Tello Rodrigo G. Remondino Ida A. Francheri Wilson Eduardo Galaretto Mariano A. Noel 《Scoliosis》2018,13(1):23
Background
Currently, there is little consensus on how or when to discontinue bracing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). An expert spine surgeon national survey could aid in elucidate discontinuation of the brace.Few data have been published on when and how to discontinue bracing treatment in patients with AIS resulting in differences in the management of the condition. The aim of this study was to characterize decision-making of surgeons in the management of bracing discontinuation in AIS.Methods
An original electronic survey consisting of 12 multiple choice questions was sent to all the members of the National Spine Surgery Society (497 surveyed). Participants were asked about their type of medical practice, years of experience in the field, society memberships, type of brace they usually prescribed, average hours of daily brace wearing they recommended, and how and when they indicated bracing discontinuation as well as the clinical and/or imaging findings this decision was based on. Exclusion criteria include brace discontinued because of having developed a curve that warranted surgical treatment.Results
Of a total of 497 surgeons, 114 responded the survey (22.9%). 71.9% had more than 5 years of experience in the specialty, and 51% mainly treated pediatric patients. Overall, 95.5% of the surgeons prescribed the thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO), indicated brace wearing for a mean of 20.6 h daily. Regarding bracing discontinuation, indicated gradual brace weaning, a decision 93.9% based on anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral radiographs of the spine and physical examination, considered a Risser ≥ IV and ≥?24 months post menarche.Conclusions
The results of this study provide insight in the daily practice of spine surgeons regarding how and when they discontinue bracing in AIS. The decision of bracing discontinuation is based on AP/lateral spinal radiographs and physical examination, Risser ≥ IV, regardless of Tanner stage, and ≥?24 months post menarche. Gradual weaning is recommended.3.
N. Cesbron A.-L. Royer Y. Guitton A. Sydor B. Le Bizec G. Dervilly-Pinel 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(8):99
Introduction
Collecting feces is easy. It offers direct outcome to endogenous and microbial metabolites.Objectives
In a context of lack of consensus about fecal sample preparation, especially in animal species, we developed a robust protocol allowing untargeted LC-HRMS fingerprinting.Methods
The conditions of extraction (quantity, preparation, solvents, dilutions) were investigated in bovine feces.Results
A rapid and simple protocol involving feces extraction with methanol (1/3, M/V) followed by centrifugation and a step filtration (10 kDa) was developed.Conclusion
The workflow generated repeatable and informative fingerprints for robust metabolome characterization.4.
5.
Elif Erdem Ibrahim Inan Harbiyeli Hazal Boral Macit Ilkit Meltem Yagmur Reha Ersoz 《Mycopathologia》2018,183(3):521-527
Purpose
To evaluate the efficiency of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in addition to topical voriconazole in cases with mycotic keratitis.Design
Retrospective case series in a tertiary university hospital.Participants
CXL was performed on 13 patients with mycotic keratitis who presented poor or no response to topical voriconazole treatment.Methods
The clinical features, symptoms, treatment results and complications were recorded retrospectively. The corneal infection was graded according to the depth of infection into the stroma (from grade 1 to grade 3). The visual analogue scale was used to calculate the pain score before and 2 days after surgery.Main Outcome Measures
Grade of the corneal infection.Results
Mean age of 13 patients (6 female and 7 male) was 42.4 ± 17.7 years (20–74 years). Fungus was demonstrated in culture (eight patients) or cytological examination (five patients). Seven of the 13 patients (54%) were healed with topical voriconazole and CXL adjuvant treatment in 26 ± 10 days (15–40 days). The remaining six patients did not respond to CXL treatment; they initially presented with higher grade ulcers. Pre- and post-operative pain score values were 8 ± 0.8 and 3.5 ± 1, respectively (p < 0.05).Conclusions
The current study suggests that adjunctive CXL treatment is effective in patients with small and superficial mycotic ulcers. These observations require further research by large randomized clinical trials.6.
7.
Dorothea Lesche Roland Geyer Daniel Lienhard Christos T. Nakas Gaëlle Diserens Peter Vermathen Alexander B. Leichtle 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(10):159
Background
Centrifugation is an indispensable procedure for plasma sample preparation, but applied conditions can vary between labs.Aim
Determine whether routinely used plasma centrifugation protocols (1500×g 10 min; 3000×g 5 min) influence non-targeted metabolomic analyses.Methods
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) data were evaluated with sparse partial least squares discriminant analyses and compared with cell count measurements.Results
Besides significant differences in platelet count, we identified substantial alterations in NMR and HRMS data related to the different centrifugation protocols.Conclusion
Already minor differences in plasma centrifugation can significantly influence metabolomic patterns and potentially bias metabolomics studies.8.
John M. Wentworth Naiara G. Bediaga Megan A. S. Penno Esther Bandala-Sanchez Komal N. Kanojia Konstantinos A. Kouremenos Jennifer J. Couper Leonard C. Harrison ENDIA Study Group 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(10):130
Background
Cord blood lipids are potential disease biomarkers. We aimed to determine if their concentrations were affected by delayed blood processing.Method
Refrigerated cord blood from six healthy newborns was centrifuged every 12 h for 4 days. Plasma lipids were analysed by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy.Results
Of 262 lipids identified, only eight varied significantly over time. These comprised three dihexosylceramides, two phosphatidylserines and two phosphatidylethanolamines whose relative concentrations increased and one sphingomyelin that decreased.Conclusion
Delay in separation of plasma from refrigerated cord blood has minimal effect overall on the plasma lipidome.9.
Nazila Ariaee Shima Zarei Mojgan Mohamadi Farahzad Jabbari 《Clinical and molecular allergy : CMA》2017,15(1):22
Background
Spontaneous urticaria is a common allergic skin condition affecting 0.5–1% of individuals and may burden on health care expenditure or may be associated with remarkable morbidity.Aim
In this study, we measured the effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with a diagnosis of CSU. Furthermore, quality of life and cytokine changes were evaluated.Methods
The clinical trial was conducted on 20 patients with idiopathic chronic urticaria. Vitamin D was administered orally for 8 weeks and disease activity was measured pre- and post-treatment using USS and DLQI. On the other hand expressions of IL-17, IL-10, Foxp3, and TGF-β by Real-time RT-PCR were assessed.Results
USS questionnaire showed that severity of idiopathic urticaria after the intervention, which compared with the first day reached a significant 55% reduction. The DLQI quality of life questionnaire 2 months after treatment showed 55% improvement. Along with the significant improvement of clinical symptoms, use of vitamin D increase FOXP3 gene expression and downregulation of IL-10, TGF-B, and FOXP3, IL-17, but these changes were not statistically significant.Limitation
These might happen due to lack of enrolled population in the investigation.Conclusion
Vitamin D can be used along with standard medical care and it’s a safe and cost-effective method for the treatment of chronic urticaria with deficiency of vitamin D.10.
Marta Michalczuk Beata Urban Tadeusz Porowski Anna Wasilewska Alina Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(6):82
Introduction
Citrate is an old metabolite which is best known for the role in the Krebs cycle. Citrate is widely used in many branches of medicine. In ophthalmology citrate is considered as a therapeutic agent and an useful diagnostic tool—biomarker.Objectives
To summarize the published literature on citrate usage in the leading causes of blindness and highlight the new possibilities for this old metabolite.Methods
We conducted a systematic search of the scientific literature about citrate usage in ophthalmology up to January 2018. The reference lists of identified articles were searched for providing in-depth information.Results
This systematic review included 30 articles. The role of citrate in the leading causes of blindness is presented.Conclusions
Citrate might help inhibit cataract progression, in case of questions confirm glaucoma diagnosis or improve cornea repair treatment as adjuvant agent (therapy of ulcerating cornea after alkali injury, crosslinking procedure). However, the knowledge about possible citrate usage in ophthalmology is not widely known. Promoting recent scientific knowledge about citrate usage in ophthalmology may not only benefit of medical improvement but may also limit economic costs caused by leading causes of blindness. Further studies on citrate usage in ophthalmology should continuously be the field of scientific interest.11.
Sabrina Donzelli Fabio Zaina Monia Lusini Salvatore Minnella Stefano Respizzi Luca Balzarini Salvatore Poma Stefano Negrini 《Scoliosis》2016,11(2):34
Background
Scoliosis is a three dimensional deformity, and brace correction should be 3D too. There is a lack of knowledge of the effect of braces, particularly in the sagittal and transverse plane. The aim of this study is to analyse the Sforzesco Brace correction, through all the parameters provided by Eos 3D imaging system.Method
Design: This is a cross sectional study from a prospective database started in March 2003.Participants: 16 AIS girls (mean age 14.01) in Sforzesco brace treatment, with EOS x-rays, at start, in brace after 1 month and out of brace after the first 4 months of treatment. Outcome measures: All the parameters and the Torsio-Index obtained from 3D Eos System, in and out of brace, in the three planes. Statistical analysis: the variability of the parameters and the mean differences were analyzed and compared using paired T test. ANOVA was used for multiple comparisons. Critical P value was set at 0.05.Results
In the comparison of in-brace vs start of treatment, the mean Cobb angle changed significantly from 36.44 +/? 4 to 28.99?+??3.9° (p?=?0.01). Significant changes in all the sagittal parameters were found (p?=?0.02). In the axial plane, the Torsio Index changed significantly in-brace for thoracolumbar and lumbar curves (P?<?0.05). The analysis of the single vertebral tilt demonstrated that the effect of the brace is mostly concentrated at specific segments: T4-T5, T10-T12, L1 and L5 in the axial plane and T3-T6 and T10-L1 in the frontal plane.Conclusion
The Sforzesco brace mostly modifies the middle of the spine and preserves the sagittal balance. The single vertebral orientation in each plane should be considered together with the typically used values to assess brace effect.12.
13.
Antonio Rosato Leonardo Tenori Marta Cascante Pedro Ramon De Atauri Carulla Vitor A. P. Martins dos Santos Edoardo Saccenti 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(4):37
Introduction
Metabolomics is a well-established tool in systems biology, especially in the top–down approach. Metabolomics experiments often results in discovery studies that provide intriguing biological hypotheses but rarely offer mechanistic explanation of such findings. In this light, the interpretation of metabolomics data can be boosted by deploying systems biology approaches.Objectives
This review aims to provide an overview of systems biology approaches that are relevant to metabolomics and to discuss some successful applications of these methods.Methods
We review the most recent applications of systems biology tools in the field of metabolomics, such as network inference and analysis, metabolic modelling and pathways analysis.Results
We offer an ample overview of systems biology tools that can be applied to address metabolomics problems. The characteristics and application results of these tools are discussed also in a comparative manner.Conclusions
Systems biology-enhanced analysis of metabolomics data can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms originating the observed metabolic profiles and enhance the scientific impact of metabolomics studies.14.
Caroline Ivanne Le Roy Luke John Mappley Roberto Marcello La Ragione Martin John Woodward Sandrine Paule Claus 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2016,12(10):157
Introduction
Poultry is one of the most consumed meat in the world and its related industry is always looking for ways to improve animal welfare and productivity. It is therefore essential to understand the metabolic response of the chicken to new feed formulas, various supplements, infections and treatments.Objectives
As a basis for future research investigating the impact of diet and infections on chicken’s metabolism, we established a high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolic atlas of the healthy chicken (Gallus gallus).Methods
Metabolic extractions were performed prior to 1H-NMR and 2D NMR spectra acquisition on twelve biological matrices: liver, kidney, spleen, plasma, egg yolk and white, colon, caecum, faecal water, ileum, pectoral muscle and brain of 6 chickens. Metabolic profiles were then exhaustively characterized.Results
Nearly 80 metabolites were identified. A cross-comparison of these matrices was performed to determine metabolic variations between and within each section and highlighted that only eight core metabolites were systematically found in every matrice.Conclusion
This work constitutes a database for future NMR-based metabolomic investigations in relation to avian production and health.15.
Masahito Uji Yukihiro Yokoyama Katsuya Ohbuchi Kazuaki Tsuchiya Chiharu Sadakane Chika Shimobori Masahiro Yamamoto Masato Nagino 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2017,13(12):155
Introduction
In patients with obstructive jaundice, biliary drainage sometimes fails to result in improvement. A pharmaceutical-grade choleretic herbal medicine, Inchinkoto (ICKT), has been proposed to exert auxiliary effects on biliary drainage; however, its effects are variable among patients.Objectives
The aim of this study is to explore serum biomarkers that are associated with pharmaceutical efficacy of ICKT.Methods
Obstructive jaundice patients who underwent external biliary decompression were enrolled (n?=?37). ICKT was given orally 3 times a day at daily dose of 7.5 g. Serum and bile samples were collected before, 3 h after, and 24 h after ICKT administration. The concentrations of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and total bile acid in bile specimens were measured. Metabolites in serum samples were comprehensively profiled using LC–MS/MS and GC–MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic analysis of major ICKT components was also performed.Results
ICKT administration significantly decreased serum ALT and increased bile volume after 24 h. The serum concentrations of ICKT components were not well correlated with the efficacy of ICKT. However, the ratio of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid to arachidonic acid and the ratio of glutaric acid to niacinamide, exhibited good performance as biomarkers for the efficacy of ICKT on bile flow and ALT, respectively. Additionally, comprehensive correlation analysis revealed that serum glucuronic acid was highly correlated with serum total bilirubin, suggesting that this metabolite may be deeply involved in the pathogenesis of jaundice.Conclusions
The present study indicates that ICKT is efficacious and provides candidates for predicting ICKT efficacy. Further validation studies are warranted.16.
P. J. P. M. Cuijpers G. Bookelman W. Kicken W. de Vries A. P. M. Gorgels 《Netherlands heart journal》2016,24(7-8):456-461
Background
Integrating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training in secondary schools will increase the number of potential CPR providers. However, currently too few certified instructors are available for this purpose. Training medical students and physical education student teachers to become CPR instructors could decrease this shortage.Aim
Examine whether medical students and physical education student teachers can provide CPR training for secondary school pupils as well as (i.?e., non-inferior to) registered nurses.Methods
A total of 144 secondary school pupils were randomly assigned to CPR training by a registered nurse (n = 12), a medical student (n = 17) or a physical education student teacher (n = 15). CPR performance was assessed after training and after eight weeks in a simulated cardiac arrest scenario on a resuscitation manikin, using manikin software and video recordings.Results
No significant differences were found between the groups on the overall Cardiff Test scores and the correctness of the CPR techniques during the post-training and retention test. All pupils showed sufficient CPR competence, even after eight weeks.Conclusion
Training by medical students or physical education student teachers is non-inferior to training by a registered nurse, suggesting that school teachers, student teachers and medical students can be recruited for CPR training in secondary schools.17.
Objectives
To evaluate the effects of dexamethasone on the aging of mesenchymal stem cells from human gingiva using next-generation sequencing.Results
Four mRNAs were upregulated and 12 were downregulated when the results of dexamethasone at 24 h were compared with the control at 24 h. Expressions of SIRT1 and IL6 were decreased in dexamethasone at 24 h but expression of EDN1 was increased.Conclusions
Application of dexamethasone reduced the expression of SIRT1 and IL6 but enhanced the expression of EDN1 of stem cells.18.
Background
A wide variety of braces are commercially available designed for the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), but very few braces for infantile scoliosis (IS) or juvenile scoliosis (JS). The goals of this study were: 1) to briefly introduce an elongation bending derotation brace (EBDB) in the treatment of IS or JS; 2) to investigate changes of Cobb angles in the AP view of X-ray between in and out of the EBDB at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months; 3) to compare differences of Cobb angles (out of brace) in 3, 6, 9, and12 month with the baseline; 4) to investigate changes (out of brace) in JS and IS groups separately.Methods
Thirty-eight patients with IS or JS were recruited retrospectively for this study. Spinal manipulation was performed using a stockinet. This was done simultaneously with a surface topography scan. The procedure was done in the operating room for IS, or in a clinical setting for JS. The brace was edited and fabricated using CAD/CAM method. Radiographs were recorded in and out of bracing approximately every 3 months from baseline to 12 months. A linear mixed effects model was used to compare in and out of bracing, and out of brace Cobb angle change over the 12 month period.Results
Overall, 37.5% of curves are corrected and 37.5% stabilized after 12 months (Thoracic curves 48% correction, 19% stabilization; thoracolumbar curves 33% correction, 56% stabilization and lumbar curves 29% correction, 50% stabilization). The juvenile group had 25.7% correction and 42.9% stabilization, while the infantile group had 50% correction and 32.1% stabilization. There was a significant Cobb angle in-brace reduction in the thoracic (11°), thoracolumbar (12°), and lumbar (12°) (p?<?0.001). There was no statistically significant change in out of brace Cobb angle from baseline to month 12 (p?>?0.05). No patients required surgery within the 12 month span.Conclusions
This study describes a new clinical protocol in the development of the EBDB. Short-term results show brace is effective in preventing IS or JS curve progression over a 12 month span.19.
Stephanie Blindenbach Jisca W. F. A. Vrancken Hans van der Zeijden Herre J. Reesink Folkert Brijker Martin Smalbrugge Elizabeth M. Wattel 《Tijdschrift voor gerontologie en geriatrie》2017,48(3):112-120
Introduction
Frail COPD patients are frequently not accepted for regular pulmonary rehabilitation programs due to low physical condition and functional limitations. Rehabilitation programs in nursing homes for geriatric patients with COPD have been developed. The effects of such programs are largely unknown.Aims
To assess the course of COPD-related hospital admissions and exercise tolerance in a cohort of frail COPD patients participating in geriatric COPD rehabilitation.Methods
Retrospective observational study with a follow up of 12 months after discharge from rehabilitation. COPD related hospital admission days were measured in the year before and after participating rehabilitation. Exercise tolerance was measured by the six minute walk test (6MWT) at admission and at discharge from rehabilitation.Results
Fifty-eight participants accomplished the rehabilitation program. Twelve patients died in the first year after discharge. The median number of hospital admission days in the year before participating rehabilitation was 21 (IQR 10–33). The first year after discharge this was decreased to a median of 6 (IQR 0–12). The 6MWT increased from 194 (SD 85) meters at admission to 274 (SD 95) meters at discharge (mean difference 80 m, SD 72; p < 0.05).Conclusions
Geriatric COPD rehabilitation in a nursing home setting seems to reduce hospital admissions in frail COPD patients and to increase exercise tolerance.20.
Rachel A. Spicer Christoph Steinbeck 《Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society》2018,14(1):16