共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: a critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative 总被引:53,自引:0,他引:53
The control of water pollution has become of increasing importance in recent years. The release of dyes into the environment constitutes only a small proportion of water pollution, but dyes are visible in small quantities due to their brilliance. Tightening government legislation is forcing textile industries to treat their waste effluent to an increasingly high standard. Currently, removal of dyes from effluents is by physio-chemical means. Such methods are often very costly and although the dyes are removed, accumulation of concentrated sludge creates a disposal problem. There is a need to find alternative treatments that are effective in removing dyes from large volumes of effluents and are low in cost, such as biological or combination systems. This article reviews the current available technologies and suggests an effective, cheaper alternative for dye removal and decolourisation applicable on large scale. 相似文献
3.
4.
Luca Lombardo 《Plant biotechnology journal》2014,12(8):995-1005
Genetic use restriction technologies (GURTs), developed to secure return on investments through protection of plant varieties, are among the most controversial and opposed genetic engineering biotechnologies as they are perceived as a tool to force farmers to depend on multinational corporations' seed monopolies. In this work, the currently proposed strategies are described and compared with some of the principal techniques implemented for preventing transgene flow and/or seed saving, with a simultaneous analysis of the future perspectives of GURTs taking into account potential benefits, possible impacts on farmers and local plant genetic resources (PGR), hypothetical negative environmental issues and ethical concerns related to intellectual property that have led to the ban of this technology. 相似文献
5.
Nucleic acid isothermal amplification technologies: a review 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
6.
Hyperhidrosis: a review of current management 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Primary hyperhidrosis is a troublesome disorder of excessive perspiration that affects as much as 1 percent of the population. Sufferers are usually young and are often affected by related social, professional, and psychological problems. Many methods for treating hyperhidrosis exist; however, no single treatment is without its weakness or complications. This article aims to clarify the issues related to the use of each treatment modality, including the most recently proposed method using botulinum toxin. 相似文献
7.
Metabolomics: current technologies and future trends 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
8.
Baker KN Rendall MH Patel A Boyd P Hoare M Freedman RB James DC 《Trends in biotechnology》2002,20(4):149-156
Specific measurement of recombinant protein titer in a complex environment during industrial bioprocessing has traditionally relied on labor-intensive and time-consuming immunoassays. In recent years, however, developments in analytical technology have resulted in improved methods for protein product monitoring during bioprocessing. The choice of product-monitoring technology for a particular bioprocess will depend on a variety of assay factors and instrument-specific factors. In this article, we have compiled an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used technologies used: electrochemiluminescence, optical biosensors, rapid chromatography and nephelometry. The advantages of each technology for measuring both small and large recombinant therapeutic proteins are compared with a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. 相似文献
9.
Proteomics is very much a technology-driven field. The ambition is to identify, quantify and to assess the state of posttranslational modification and interaction partners for every protein in the cell. The proteome is in a state of flux and is thus extremely complex. Analysis of the proteome is exacerbated by the huge dynamic concentration range of proteins in the cellular environment. The impact that mass spectrometry-based proteomics has had on the field of biology has heavily depended on dramatic improvements in mass spectrometry that have been made in recent years. We examined 1541 reports indexed in PubMed relating to proteomics and reproduction to identify trends in the field and to make some broad observations for future work. To set the scene, in the first part of the report, we give a comprehensive overview of proteomics and associated techniques and technologies (such as separations and mass spectrometry). The second part examines the field in light of these techniques and suggests some opportunities for application of these tools in the area of reproduction. 相似文献
10.
11.
Mary Ann Curran Steven B. Young 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2014,19(10):1667-1673
Purpose
Much collective wisdom and experience have been gained as an increasing number of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) reviews are conducted. However, specifics on how and when to conduct critical review of LCA studies are still lacking. Toward this need, a technical session entitled “LCA Critical Review” was held during the Life Cycle Management (LCM) conference in Gothenburg, Sweden, 26 August 2013. The goal of the session was to have experts address LCA critical review as well as engage attendees in discussing gaps in the current guidance and how the review process can be improved.Methods
The LCM session consisted of six presentations followed by open discussion with all session attendees. This paper begins with a review of the current state-of-the-practice in LCA critical review (CR) followed by a summary of the LCM session. It concludes with suggestions for how the newly drafted technical specification, ISO TS 14071 Critical review processes and reviewer competencies, can be improved as it is being developed.Results and discussion
ISO TS 14071 promises to provide additional guidance to move the practice forward. But at only eight pages in length, its potential effectiveness appears moderate. Additional detailed guidance is needed to move the critical review process toward increased uniformity and clarity of practice, for example, when critical review is necessary.Conclusions
A session on LCA critical review is planned to be held during the Life Cycle Management 2015 conference which will occur in Bordeaux, France (http://lcm2015.org/). Discussion on these issues related to LCA review will be continued. 相似文献12.
Idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis is a group of retinal vascular anomalies characterized by retinal vessel dilation and tortuosity, multiple aneurysm formations, varying degrees of vascular leakage and lipid exudate deposition. Idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis may occur as a primary disorder (either congenital or acquired), or may be caused or accompanied by other systemic or ocular diseases. The visual prognosis and effectiveness of therapy is dependent upon the etiology of the retinal telangiectasis. Included in this review is a case report, as well as the classification system used to identify idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasia. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
《Biocatalysis and Biotransformation》2013,31(6):223-237
AbstractA number of enzymes have applications in the textile sector, as several natural fibres (e.g. cotton, wool and flax) can be subjected to processing using such natural biocatalysts. In the latest two decades, demand for industrial enzymes has increased considerably; however, the textile industry requires highly stable enzymes, and good performance at extreme values of pH and temperature. New strategies are continuously emerging for the immobilization of enzymes with superior efficiency and usage. Enzymatic immobilization can stabilize enzymes and extend their useful life. Additionally, reduction in effluent treatment costs and improvement of efficiency is possible. This paper briefly reviews the most recent research efforts pertaining to immobilization of enzymes with potential application in the textile industry. 相似文献
16.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Describe the differential diagnosis of xanthelasma palpebrarum. 2. Discuss the various nonsurgical and surgical treatment options and their advantages and disadvantages. 3. Describe the circumstances in which recurrence is most likely after treatment. Xanthelasma palpebrarum is the most common cutaneous xanthoma. It typically presents in middle-aged and older adults, most often around the eyelids. The diagnosis can often be made on clinical grounds alone. For the plastic surgeon, it is important to apply an algorithmic approach to the treatment of these lesions. Depending on the size and location, several different methods can be used to address this problem, ranging from simple excision, to laser treatment, to chemical peeling. This article addresses the underlying pathophysiology of xanthelasma and the currently accepted modes of treatment. 相似文献
17.
18.
Howard B. Glasgow JoAnn M. Burkholder Robert E. Reed Alan J. Lewitus Joseph E. Kleinman 《Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology》2004,300(1-2):409-448
Recent advances in communication and sensor technology have catalyzed progress in remote monitoring capabilities for water quality. As a result, the ability to characterize dynamic hydrologic properties at adequate temporal and spatial scales has greatly improved. These advances have led to improved statistical and mechanistic modeling in monitoring of water quality trends at local, watershed and regional scales for freshwater, estuarine and marine ecosystems. In addition, they have greatly enhanced rapid (e.g., real-time) detection of hydrologic variability, recognized as a critical need for early warning systems and rapid response to harmful algal bloom events. Here, we present some of the landmark developments and technological achievements that led to the advent of real-time remote monitors for hydrologic properties. We conclude that increased use and continuing advancements of real-time remote monitoring (RTRM) and sensing technologies will become a progressively more important tool for evaluating water quality. Recent engineering and deployment of RTRM technologies by federal and state regulatory agencies, industries, and academic laboratories is now permitting rapid detection of, and responses to, environmental threats imposed by increased nutrient loadings, development of hypoxic and anoxic areas, toxicants, and harmful algal bloom outbreaks leading to fish kill events and potential human health impacts. 相似文献
19.
The current status of Helicobacter pylori vaccines: a review 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Kabir S 《Helicobacter》2007,12(2):89-102
20.
Connecting cytokines and brain: a review of current issues 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Cytokines have been a multi-disciplinary research focus for over 2 decades. To date, there have been more than 15,000 articles published concerning the relationship between cytokines and the central nervous system (CNS). Over half of these articles have been published in the last 5 years. From such vast number of studies, two major topics emerge as the critical issues: 1) how do cytokines modulate the functions of the CNS? 2) what is the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases? Thus far, it has been clearly established that cytokines can alter the functions of the CNS in specific manners, invoking CNS-controlled autonomic, neuroendocrine, and behavioral responses. Induced expression of cytokines has also been found in the CNS during brain injury and infection, contributing to the immunological processes at this "immunologically privileged" site. Furthermore, increasing evidence points to the potential involvement of cytokines in the induction and modulation of an array of neurological diseases ranging from Alzheimer's disease to chronic fatigue syndrome. Despite such progress, however, substantial obstacles remain for both the basic understanding and the potential clinical exploitation of how cytokines interact with CNS. In this review, we will attempt to synopsize the current theories and evidence regarding the answers to the above-mentioned critical questions. These issues will be reviewed not only in isolation, as most of the original reports focused on only one of the questions, but also in parallel such that inter-issue insights may be gained. 相似文献