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Poulsen HE Specht E Broedbaek K Henriksen T Ellervik C Mandrup-Poulsen T Tonnesen M Nielsen PE Andersen HU Weimann A 《Free radical biology & medicine》2012,52(8):1353-1361
The past decade has provided exciting insights into a novel class of central (small) RNA molecules intimately involved in gene regulation. Only a small percentage of our DNA is translated into proteins by mRNA, yet 80% or more of the DNA is transcribed into RNA, and this RNA has been found to encompass various classes of novel regulatory RNAs, including, e.g., microRNAs. It is well known that DNA is constantly oxidized and repaired by complex genome maintenance mechanisms. Analogously, RNA also undergoes significant oxidation, and there are now convincing data suggesting that oxidation, and the consequent loss of integrity of RNA, is a mechanism for disease development. Oxidized RNA is found in a large variety of diseases, and interest has been especially devoted to degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer disease, in which up to 50-70% of specific mRNA molecules are reported oxidized, whereas other RNA molecules show virtually no oxidation. The iron-storage disease hemochromatosis exhibits the most prominent general increase in RNA oxidation ever observed. Oxidation of RNA primarily leads to strand breaks and to oxidative base modifications. Oxidized mRNA is recognized by the ribosomes, but the oxidation results in ribosomal stalling and dysfunction, followed by decreased levels of functional protein as well as the production of truncated proteins that do not undergo proper folding and may result in protein aggregation within the cell. Ribosomal dysfunction may also signal apoptosis by p53-independent pathways. There are very few reports on interventions that reduce RNA oxidation, one interesting observation being a reduction in RNA oxidation by ingestion of raw olive oil. High urinary excretion of 8-oxo-guanosine, a biomarker for RNA oxidation, is highly predictive of death in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics; this demonstrates the clinical relevance of RNA oxidation. Taken collectively the available data suggest that RNA oxidation is a contributing factor in several diseases such as diabetes, hemochromatosis, heart failure, and β-cell destruction. The mechanism involves free iron and hydrogen peroxide from mitochondrial dysfunction that together lead to RNA oxidation that in turn gives rise to truncated proteins that may cause aggregation. Thus RNA oxidation may well be an important novel contributing mechanism for several diseases. 相似文献
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RNA–RNA binding is an important phenomenon observed for many classes of non-coding RNAs and plays a crucial role in a number
of regulatory processes. Recently several MFE folding algorithms for predicting the joint structure of two interacting RNA
molecules have been proposed. Here joint structure means that in a diagram representation the intramolecular bonds of each
partner are pseudoknot-free, that the intermolecular binding pairs are noncrossing, and that there is no so-called “zigzag”
configuration. This paper presents the combinatorics of RNA interaction structures including their generating function, singularity
analysis as well as explicit recurrence relations. In particular, our results imply simple asymptotic formulas for the number
of joint structures. 相似文献
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生物体内存在大量的非编码RNA ,它们形态各异 ,功能也千差万别 ,在生物的生长、发育、分化进程中扮演着不同的角色 ,尤其是siRNA ,它是RNA沉默的诱因。RNA沉默是真核生物特有的现象 ,它需要一系列因子的参与 ,其中RNA依赖性的RNA聚合酶是沉默起始的关键 ,Dicer酶是形成siRNA的基础 ,而RNA沉默诱导复合体 (RSIC)等是发生RNA沉默“链式反应”的关键因子 相似文献
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RNA病毒RNA聚合酶的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
丁清泉 《Virologica Sinica》1998,13(2):107-113
自然界仅有RNA病毒以RNA作为基因载体。依赖于RNA的RNA聚合酶在这种病毒的增殖复制期起到了非常重要的作用。它一方面以病毒RNA为模板复制子代病毒的基因,另一方面也将病毒增殖期间需要的蛋白质和酶类的基因转录成为mRNA,也就是说它担负了复制酶和转... 相似文献
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RNA病毒RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶的结构与功能 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
RNA病毒一般传播迅速,给人类和自然造成巨大危害和威胁.许多RNA病毒的结构蛋白在基础研究和应用方面已日趋完善.相比之下,就非结构蛋白(NS)所做的研究较少,存在许多未知问题.在这些非结构蛋白中,病毒自身编码的RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,RdRP)对病毒的复制起关键作用.对RdRP的研究不仅使对病毒RNA复制的机制更精细明了,且有可能提供新的抗病毒靶标和诊断试剂.本文对RdRP特别是动物RNA病毒RdRP的结果与功能作一综述. 相似文献
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Kawasaki disease (KD) is an autoimmune disease in which the medium-sized blood vessels throughout the body become inflamed. The increased evidences showed that TNF-α was association with vascular inflammation in KD patients. However the detailed mechanism was still unclear. Recent studies indicated abnormal expressed long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) involved in many diseases. Thus the purpose of this study is to explore the role of lncRNAs in KD and find out the new target for KD treatment. In this study, firstly we verified the overexpressed TNF-α in KD patients, and found TNF-α was able to induce HUVECs apoptosis and inhibit HUVECs proliferation. After this we screened out pregnancy induced noncoding RNA (PINC) was significantly overexpression in TNF-α treated HUVECs. We also found PINC overexpressed in KD patients. For further study, we designed two siRNA of PINC. After silenced the expression of PINC in HUVECs, we found the Knockdown of PINC enhanced the viability of HUVECs treated with TNF-α, and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic and reduced the expression of apoptotic gene. These results suggest PINC involves in the process of TNF-α induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis, it may become a new target for KD treatment. 相似文献
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长期以来,人们认为RNA 只是DNA性
状表达过程中的中间环节,RNA的功能在于控
制蛋白质的生物合成,因此,研究主要限于参与
蛋白质生物合成的tRNA, rRNA和mRNA o然
而,近年已经证明RNA具有生物催化活性,可
以控制DNA的复制,还是染色体的结构成分。
由于RNA分子的种类很多,可能具有多种生
物功能。极为引人注目的是,它们对基因表达可
能有重要的调节作用。目前这方面的研究仅属
开始,现就以下几方面作一简单介绍 相似文献
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RNA—RNA原位杂交实验条件探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将Vigilin和qroal(Ⅰ)cDNA亚克隆到pGEM3Z和pGEM4Z载体,体外转录合成35s标记的cRNA探针。经RNA凝胶电泳,Southern Northern,杂交检查探针长度,杂交特性和特异性,通过系列实验探讨了RNA-RNA原位杂交实验中固定、杂交前处理、杂交温度,探针量、探针长度,洗脱严格性和RNA酶处理等对杂交结果的影响,建立了简化的RNA-RNA原位杂交方法。 相似文献
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