共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
In chronic experiments on awake cats, we studied the dynamics of the spectral power density (SPD) of the α rhythm vs SPD of the θ rhythm ratio and also of the characteristics of impulse activity generated by supposedly noradrenergic (NA)
neurons of the locus coeruleus in the course of feedback (FB) sessions by EEG characteristics (EEG-FB). Trainings were performed using a technique analogous
to that in EEG-FB sessions for humans. The level of a sound noise signal presented to the animal decreased with increase in
the α/θ SPD ratio in the occipital lead. Changes in the level of the sound signal did not depend on EEG modulation in the
control series. The animals were trained to correlate changes in the loudness of the sound signal with the power of EEG rhythms
and, in such a way, to control the latter. The α/θ SPD ratio in EEG-FB sessions changed mostly due to a significant increase
in the α rhythm power. The frequency of the impulse activity of NA neurons increased in a parallel manner with such EEG modulation.
Possible mechanisms of the involvement of the cerebral NA system in the formation of the effects of EEG-FB sessions are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Topographic analysis of dimension estimates of EEG and filtered rhythms in epileptic patients with complex partial seizures 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nonlinear dynamic properties were analyzed on the EEG and filtered rhythms recorded from healthy subjects and epileptic patients
with complex partial seizures. Estimates of correlation dimensions of control EEG, interictal EEG and ictal EEG were calculated.
The values were demonstrated on topograms. The delta (0.5–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz) and gamma
(30–40 Hz) components were obtained and considered as signals from the cortex. Corresponding surrogate data was produced.
Firstly, the influence of sampling parameters on the calculation was tested. The dimension estimates of the signals from the
frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital regions were computed and compared with the results of surrogate data. In the control
subjects, the estimates between the EEG and surrogate data did not differ (P > 0.05). The interictal EEG from the frontal region and occipital region, as well as its theta component from the frontal
region, and temporal region, showed obviously low dimensions (P < 0.01). The ictal EEG exhibited significantly low-dimension estimates across the scalp. All filtered rhythms from the temporal
region yielded lower results than those of the surrogate data (P < 0.01). The dimension estimates of the EEG and filtered components markedly changed when the neurological state varied.
For each neurological state, the dimension estimates were not uniform among the EEG and frequency components. The signal with
a different frequency range and in a different neurological state showed a different dimension estimate. Furthermore, the
theta and alpha components demonstrated the same estimates not only within each neurological state, but also among the different
states. These results indicate that the theta and alpha components may be caused by similar dynamic processes. We conclude
that the brain function underlying the ictal EEG has a simple mechanism. Several heterogeneous dynamic systems play important
roles in the generation of EEG.
Received: 10 December 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 8 May 2000 相似文献
3.
We studied changes in the power spectra of EEG in the course of sessions of feedback by EEG characteristics (neurofeedback
sessions) and estimated the effects of neurofeedback on psychological and EEG correlates of voluntary attention. Indices of
the latter were estimated using Bourdon’s test (a correcture test) and Schulte’s tables. Twenty-nine reasonably healthy 10-to
13-year-old children took part in the study; they were divided into two groups, an experimental group (n = 12) and a control group (n = 15). The results obtained support the statement on noticeable changes in the functional state of the brain both immediately
in the course of a neurofeedback session and after a course of such trainings. Changes in the ratios of the spectral powers
of the beta1
vs theta rhythms and the low-frequency beta vs theta rhythms were found in EEG recorded from the sensorimotor zone of the right hemisphere (C4). The observed changes in
the spectral characteristics of EEG induced by the course of neurofeedback sessions were accompanied by the improvement of
a few indices of voluntary attention.
Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 38, Nos. 5/6, pp. 458–465, September–December, 2006. 相似文献
4.
I. N. Konareva 《Neurophysiology》2006,38(3):201-208
Modifications of different EEG rhythms induced by a single neurofeedback session (by the EEG characteristics) directed toward
an increase in the ratio of the spectral powers (SPs) of the α vs θ oscillations were compared with the psychological characteristics of the tested subjects (the group included 30 persons).
A generally accepted neurofeedback technique was used; the intensity of acoustic white noise served as the feedback signal.
EEG potentials were recorded from the C3 and C4 leads. Psychological testing was carried out using Eysenck’s (EPQ), Rusalov’s
(OST), and (16 PF) questionnaires. The directions of changes in the SPs of EEG frequency components were found to significantly
correlate with some individuality-related peculiarities of the tested subjects. The SP of the δ rhythm correlated with the
EPQ scale “neuroticism,” OST scale “social plasticity,” and 16 PF factors H (“parmia”), I (“premsia”), and Q3 (“self-control of behavior”). The SP of the θ component demonstrated correlations with the OST scales “ergisity,” “plasticity,”
and “social temp” and with 16 PF factors M (“autia”), Q4 (“frustration”), and Q1 (“exvia”). The SP of the α rhythm correlated with 16 PF factors Q3 (“self-control of behavior”), G (“strength of superEgo”), O (“hypothymia”), L (“protension”), and N (“shrewdness”). The SP
of the β rhythm correlated with the OST scale “emotionality,” while that of the γ rhythm showed correlations with the 16 PF
indices L (“protension”) and M (“autia”). Changes in the ratio of the α vs θ SPs correlated with the EPQ scale “neuroticism.” Thus, our data confirm the statement that a high individual variability
of the results of a single (first in the series) neurofeedback session is to a great extent related to peculiarities of the
individual psychological pattern of the subject.
Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 239–247, May–June, 2006. 相似文献
5.
We examined the dynamics of the ratios of spectral power densities (SPDs) of the alpha vs theta rhythms (α/θ ratio). of EEG and of the spiking frequency of supposedly dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the ventral tegmentum
in the course of neurofeedback sessions directed toward changes in the EEG characteristics. Trainings were performed using
techniques analogous to that used in neurofeedback sessions in humans. The level of the noise acoustic signal presented to
the animal decreased with increase in the α/θ ratio in the occipital leads. In the control realizations, there were no dependences
between the intensity of the acoustic signal and modulation of the current EEG. It was found that the animals learned, in
a conditioned-reflex mode, to correlate changes in the intensity of the sound signal and power of the EEG rhythms and to control
the latter; a high sound intensity was probably considered a factor of discomfort. The α/θ ratio in the course of neurofeedback
sessions changed due to some increase in the SPD of the alpha EEG component and a noticeable drop in the SPD of theta oscillations.
In a parallel manner with such modifications, augmentation of the spike activity of DA neurons was observed. Probable mechanisms
of the involvement of the cerebral DA system in the formation of the effects of neurofeedback sessions are discussed. 相似文献
6.
I. N. Konareva 《Neurophysiology》2011,43(2):131-141
In a group of 68 adults of both sexes, we examined correlations between estimates of the psychological adaptability of an
individual (diagnosed using a multilevel personality questionnaire, MPQ) and spectral powers, SPs, of the frequency components
(rhythms) of background EEG recorded in the resting state (leads C3 and C4 according to the 10–20 system). Despite high individual
variability within the group, indices by the scale “communicative potential” demonstrated significant correlation with the
SP of the θ rhythm, while estimates of the moral normativity correlated with the SPs of the α and β1 rhythms. Subgroups of
the persons classified according to the level of the integral adaptation capability (personality’s adaptation potential) differed
from each other in the mean estimates of interhemisphere asymmetry of the α rhythm; this index was higher in subjects with
the medium/high level of adaptability. The correlations observed are, most probably, determined by the fact that both the
level of psychological adaptability of the personality and the EEG amplitude parameters depend significantly on genetic (neurochemical,
in particular) factors. Such peculiarities of the neurodynamic constitution of the individual are probably determined, to
a considerable extent, by the specificities of organization and functioning of a few neurotransmitter (aminergic, in particular)
and neurohumoral systems. 相似文献
7.
We studied changes in the amplitudes of event-related EEG potentials (ERPs) and power spectra of background EEG in the course
of a series of EEG-feedback sessions directed toward an increase in the ratio of powers of the α vs θ rhythms. The examined group included 70 volunteers divided into an experimental group (n = 37) and a control group (n = 33). The intensity of acoustic white noise overlapping the musical background served as a feedback signal; it became lower
with increase in the above ratio, while in the control group it remained constant. The EEG potentials were recorded from C3
and C4 leads. The ERPs were recorded within a paradigm of measuring time intervals. Within a series of EEG-feedback sessions,
the α/θ ratio decreased somewhat both in the control and experimental groups, but in subjects of the latter group this decrease
was less significant, and the mean intragroup index became significantly greater than the respective value in the control
group after the end of the third session. The EEG-feedback sessions also resulted in significant increases in the amplitudes
of early components of the readiness potential in both hemispheres and in the amplitude of the contingent negative variation
in the right hemisphere. We conclude that, in most healthy subjects, at least three sessions of α/θ training are necessary
to form an effective series providing considerable changes in the pattern of EEG potentials.
Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 88–98, January–February, 2007. 相似文献
8.
A new species Dolichopteryx minuscula is described on the basis of three specimens [49.4–59.6 mm in standard length (SL)] collected from the Indo-West Pacific.
The new species is characterized by pouchlike eyes with a small lens (lens diameter 2.2% SL), an adipose fin, the anal fin
base originating posterior to the dorsal fin base, and 16–17 (= 5–6 + 1 + 10–11) gill rakers. Total fecundity was relatively
low, only 658 ova being obtained from one specimen, despite the ovary being mature. Ovarian eggs were clearly subdivided into
“undeveloped” (0.1–0.7 mm diameter classes, n = 561) and “developed” (1.0–1.3 mm classes, n = 97) groups, based on their frequency distribution. Such relatively low fecundity and frequency distributions of ovarian
eggs suggest that Dolichopteryx species spawn iteratively during spawning season. 相似文献
9.
We studied correlations of the spectral characteristics of EEG with the indices characterizing the level of attention in 60
children (12 to 13 years old). Indices of voluntary attention were measured using a complex of psychological tests, including
a Bourdon’s test (correcture test), a two-stimulus go/no-go test, a computer test (a modification of the Bourdon’s test for
characterization of concentration and stability of attention), and Schulte’s tables. Children manifesting a good working ability
(corresponding to the results of the go/no-go test and correcture test) showed relatively high values of the ratio of spectral
powers (SPs) of the beta 1 and theta rhythms. These ratios were greater in the right hemisphere; this is probably indicative
of a greater contribution of neuronal mechanisms of this hemisphere to providing watchfulness and stability of attention.
Children demonstrating increased impulsivity (according to the results of the go/no-go test) were characterized by low modal
frequencies of the alpha rhythm in the occipital brain regions, while children with relatively high values of this frequency
in various cerebral regions demonstrated high indices of attentiveness and rates of the cognitive processes. Children performing
the test task with especially high accuracy were characterized by high ratios of SPs of the low-frequency beta rhythm vs theta rhythm (mostly in the central and parietal regions of both hemispheres). The approach we have applied can be used for
measuring the objective indices characterizing the state of the attention sphere in children.
Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 248–256, May–June, 2006. 相似文献
10.
We studied peculiarities of the spectral characteristics of EEG in 111 healthy adult subjects of both sexes. The levels of
situative anxiety (anxiety state) and personal anxiety were estimated using the Spielberger–Khanin test system. To estimate
anxiety-related properties of the personality, Cattel’s technique 16 PF (form А) was used. Estimates of situative anxiety
demonstrated only two cases of positive correlation with the spectral power density (SPD) of EEG rhythms (SPDs of the beta2
rhythm in the right-hemisphere temporal and occipital regions; recording with the eyes open). Estimates of personal anxiety
positively correlated with the SPDs of the beta1 and (especially) beta2 EEG rhythms. Under conditions with the eyes open,
the number of significant correlations was greater, and correlations themselves were tighter than with the eyes closed. The
closest correlations of the estimates of personal anxiety with the SPDs of the beta rhythm were found in frontal and central
leads of both hemispheres and in parietal and occipital loci of the right hemisphere. Only a single case of correlation of
the alpha rhythm SPD with personal anxiety (negative correlation, a parietal lead in the left hemisphere) was found. At the
same time, rather numerous correlations of the alpha rhythm expression with an index congeneric to anxiety, the C factor by
the Cattel’s questionnaire (emotional stability/instability), were found. Thus, the intense beta EEG rhythm can be considered
an electrographic correlate of high situative and personal anxieties. At the same time, the alpha rhythm power correlates
with the emotional stability of the individual. We suppose that persons with a well-developed alpha rhythm are characterized
by active and stable functioning of the cerebral dopaminergic system; this simultaneously serves as a pre-requisite of high
emotional stability and social adaptability. 相似文献
11.
This study was planned to investigate the pretreatment effect of resveratrol on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The
control group consisted of 10 male albino Sprague–Dawley rats, 10–12 weeks of age, weighing approximately 295 g. The first
experimental group consisted of 15 albino Sprague–Dawley rats, 10–12 weeks of age, weighing approximately 305 g. This group
was administered streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The second experimental group (n = 15) was administered resveratrol (0.5 ml/day) 10 days before streptozotocin induction. A training period was performed
for all groups before the experimental procedure, and systolic arterial blood pressures and heart rates were recorded daily.
At the end of the 10th day, blood samples of control and experimental groups were drawn. Total nitrite, nitrite, nitrate,
malondialdehyde (MDA), copper, and zinc concentrations in plasma were measured both in control and experimental groups. Additionally,
superoxide dismutase, catalase activities, and copper and zinc concentrations in red cell were determined in each group. At
the end of the study, increases in catalase activity, nitric oxide level, and zinc concentrations and decreases in lipid peroxidation
product MDA and copper concentrations were found in the resveratrol-pretreated diabetic group when compared to the diabetic
group.
This study was presented at “The 5th International Congress of Pathophysiology (ISP2006)” June 28–July 1, 2006, Beijing, China. 相似文献
12.
Susan P. Buckelew Douglas E. DeGood Kristyn D. Roberts Jessica D. Butkovic Angie S. MacKewn 《Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback》2009,34(2):99-103
This study was designed to test a disregulation model of sleep deprivation by assessing the ability of good sleepers compared
to poor sleepers to shift daytime EEG patterning to changing environmental demands. Ten good and ten poor sleepers were identified
from a sample of 110 college students who completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI). EEG and SCR were recorded
during a five task assessment session, including: (1) pre-baseline, (2) eyes open at rest, (3) eyes closed at rest, (4) sensory
attentiveness (listening to an audio book clip), and (5) cognitive effort (a higher level cognitive flexibility task). A significant
Group × Task interaction, F (3, 16) = 4.81, p = . 01 was attained on the theta data. Specifically, for good sleepers, theta decreased from the “eyes open at rest” to the
“sensory attentiveness” tasks, while poor sleepers showed the opposite pattern. This pattern of theta suppression was found
in 70% of the good sleepers and only 20% of the poor sleepers. No between group differences were noted in the SCR data, supporting
a brain disregulation model, rather than a general psychophysiological stress model.
Partial funding for this research was provided by the office of Research, Grants, and Contracts at the University of Tennessee
at Martin. 相似文献
13.
This preliminary study was planned to investigate the effects of resveratrol on oxidative–nitrosative stress markers and on
trace element concentrations in blood and on circulatory system parameters in rats. Twenty-five Sprague–Dawley male rats,
10–12 weeks old, with mean body weight of 295 g were used in the study. Administration of resveratrol (0.5 ml/day) was performed
in experimental group in 10 days. In control (n = 10) and in experimental groups (n = 15), after 1 week training period, systolic arterial blood pressures and heart rates were recorded daily. At the end of
the tenth day, blood samples of control and experimental groups were drawn. Total nitrite, nitrite, nitrate, malondialdehyde,
copper, zinc concentrations in plasma, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities and copper, zinc concentrations in red
cell were determined both in control and experimental groups. Alterations in oxidative and nitrosative stress markers, trace
element concentrations, and circulatory system parameters in experimental group compared to controls were observed. The results
of this study were discussed according to the effect of resveratrol.
This study was presented at “The 5th International Congress of Pathophysiology (ISP2006)” June 28–July 1, 2006 Beijing, China. 相似文献
14.
Inventory, differentiation, and proportional diversity: a consistent terminology for quantifying species diversity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Almost half a century after Whittaker (Ecol Monogr 30:279–338, 1960) proposed his influential diversity concept, it is time
for a critical reappraisal. Although the terms alpha, beta and gamma diversity introduced by Whittaker have become general textbook knowledge, the concept suffers from several drawbacks. First, alpha
and gamma diversity share the same characteristics and are differentiated only by the scale at which they are applied. However,
as scale is relative––depending on the organism(s) or ecosystems investigated––this is not a meaningful ecological criterion.
Alpha and gamma diversity can instead be grouped together under the term “inventory diversity.” Out of the three levels proposed
by Whittaker, beta diversity is the one which receives the most contradictory comments regarding its usefulness (“key concept”
vs. “abstruse concept”). Obviously beta diversity means different things to different people. Apart from the large variety
of methods used to investigate it, the main reason for this may be different underlying data characteristics. A literature
review reveals that the multitude of measures used to assess beta diversity can be sorted into two conceptually different
groups. The first group directly takes species distinction into account and compares the similarity of sites (similarity indices,
slope of the distance decay relationship, length of the ordination axis, and sum of squares of a species matrix). The second
group relates species richness (or other summary diversity measures) of two (or more) different scales to each other (additive
and multiplicative partitioning). Due to that important distinction, we suggest that beta diversity should be split into two
levels, “differentiation diversity” (first group) and “proportional diversity” (second group). Thus, we propose to use the
terms “inventory diversity” for within-sample diversity, “differentiation diversity” for compositional similarity between
samples, and “proportional diversity” for the comparison of inventory diversity across spatial and temporal scales.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
15.
I. N. Konareva 《Neurophysiology》2005,37(5-6):388-395
We studied changes in the frequency pattern of EEG related to a single session of biological feedback by the EEG characteristics
(neurofeedback, NFB) directed toward an increase in the ratio of α/θ spectral powers (SPs) (an experimental group; 30 subjects)
and to a session of the supposedly indifferent acoustic influence (listening to a musical background; 30 persons). A standard
technique of EEG recording was used; the loudness of white noise overlapping the musical background served as an NFB signal.
EEG was recorded from the C3 and C4 leads. Within the examined experimental group, an NFB session elicited a trend toward
statistically insignificant decreases in the SPs of δ, α, and β rhythms and increases in the SPs of θ and γ EEG components.
Listening to a supposedly neutral musical background by the control group, with no attempts at self-control of the SPs of
EEG rhythms, was followed by rather clear unidirectional (partially significant) decreases in the SPs of θ, α, β, and γ components;
the δ activity in the left hemisphere decreased, while in the right hemisphere it increased. In general, results of the single
NFB session were characterized by a high interindividual variability, which can be related mostly to the specificities of
psychophysiological characteristics of the personality of the tested subject.
Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 37, Nos. 5/6, pp. 443–451, September–December, 2005. 相似文献
16.
J. J. Wright 《Biological cybernetics》1999,81(2):131-147
A simulation of electrocortical activity based upon coupled local aggregates of excitatory and inhibitory cells was modified
to include rapid dynamic variations of synaptic efficacy attributable to reversal potentials and related effects. The modified
simulation reproduces the rhythmic phenomena observed in real EEG, including the theta, alpha, beta and gamma rhythms, in
association with physiologically realistic pulse densities. At high levels of cortical activation, generative activity with
a 40-Hz center frequency emerges, suggesting a basis for the occurrence of phase changes and “edge of chaos” dynamics. These
local oscillation properties complement the dissipative travelling wave and synchronous oscillation effects attributable to
longer range excitatory couplings, as previously demonstrated in related simulations. Results of variation of parameters provide
a first approximation to the anticipated effects of slow physiological time variations in gains and lags, and some predictions
of the model are described.
Received: 25 May 1998 / Accepted in revised form: 1 March 1999 相似文献
17.
A new species, Dolichopteryx rostrata, is described on the basis of a single specimen (66.2 mm in standard length) collected west of the Hebrides Islands, eastern
North Atlantic Ocean. The new species is characterized by an elongate snout and head, small pouchlike eyes, an adipose fin,
short dorsal fin base, anal fin base originating under dorsal fin base, a clear longitudinal suborbital brownish band extending
forward from behind posterior margin of orbit to snout tip, and 41 (=26 + 15) vertebrae. Total fecundity is low; the ovarian
eggs number only 473, despite the ovary having developed ova. Ovarian eggs could be clearly subdivided into an “undeveloped
group” (0.1–0.7 mm diameter classes, n = 405) and a “developed group” (0.9–1.3 mm classes, n = 68), based on their frequency distribution.
Supplementary material to this paper is available in electronic format at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10228-005-0306-2 相似文献
18.
Mesozooplankton assemblages in the shallow Arctic Laptev Sea in summer 1993 and autumn 1995 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mesozooplankton distribution and composition in the very shallow part of the Siberian Laptev Sea shelf were studied during
the German-Russian expeditions “Transdrift I” (August/September 1993) and “Transdrift III” (October 1995). Maximum abundances
were found close to the outflow of the Lena River (7,965 ind. m−3) and in the Yana river mouth (38,163 ind. m−3). Lowest abundances occurred in the northeast and west of the Laptev Sea (64–95 ind. m−3). Highest biomass values (104–146 mg DM m−3) were determined in the northern and northeastern part of the shallow Laptev Sea, as well as close to the river outflows,
with a record biomass maximum in the Yana river mouth (270 mg DM m−3). Biomass minima were situated north of the Lena Delta and in the western part of the shallow Laptev Sea (0.3–1.0 mg DM m−3). Copepods dominated in terms of abundance and biomass. Cluster analyses separated four mesozooplankton assemblages: the
assemblage “Lena/Yana” in the southern part, “Eastern-central” in the centre, “Kotelnyy” in the eastern part and “Taimyr”
in the western part of the shallow Laptev Sea. The small-sized neritic and brackish-water copepods Drepanopus bungei, Limnocalanus grimaldii and Pseudocalanus major occurred in enormous numbers and made up the bulk of zooplankton abundance and biomass in the very shallow part of the Laptev
Sea close to the rivers Lena and Yana. In the more northern and northeastern areas, Calanus glacialis, P. minutus and P. major were dominant copepod species, whereas Oithona similis and Acartia sp. became important in the western Laptev Sea. Appendicularians, as well as hydromedusae and the chaetognath Sagitta sp., contributed significantly to abundance and biomass, respectively, but not over the entire area studied. One can identify
taxon-specific distribution patterns (e.g. Sagitta predominated the biomass in a zone between the area heavily influenced by Lena/Yana and the offshore area to the north),
which differ from the patterns revealed by cluster analysis. Hydrographic features, especially the enormous freshwater inflow,
apparently determine the occurrence and formation of zooplankton aggregations. Extremely high numbers of small-sized neritic
and brackish-water copepods occurred locally, which were probably also supported by excellent feeding conditions. 相似文献
19.
I. N. Konareva 《Neurophysiology》2009,41(1):54-62
In a group of 70 adult subjects of both sexes, we estimated the levels of the need for achievement and its motivation (interpreted
as generalized characteristics of the state of the motivational sphere of a personality and diagnosed using questionnaires
of Orlov and Mehrabian) and examined the correlations of these estimates with spectral powers (SPs) of the frequency components
(rhythms) of the current background EEG (С3 and С4 leads according to the 10–20 system). Despite the fact that naturally high
interindividual variability exists, high estimates of the need for achievement correlated with medium values of the SPs of
most EEG frequency components (δ, θ, α, and β1 rhythms), low SPs of the β2 and γ rhythms, and higher values of the coefficient of reactivity (CR) of the α rhythm. A high level of the need for achievement
corresponded to higher SPs of the θ and γ rhythms and high CR of the α rhythm, a medium SP of this EEG component, and lower
SPs of the δ and β rhythms. The coefficient of interhemisphere asymmetry of the α rhythm was the highest at low values of
the studied psychological indices. Interrelations that we found in our study can be explained as follows: both the characteristics
of the need for achievement and motivation typical of a certain personality and the amplitude parameters of the EEG rhythms
observed in this individual depend significantly on genetically determined factors (in particular, on neurochemical ones).
These peculiarities of neurodynamic constitution of the individual are, to a considerable extent, due to the specificity of
organization and functioning of a few neurotransmitter (aminergic, in particular) and neurohumoral systems.
Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 61–69, January–February, 2009. 相似文献