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本文报道中枢去甲肾上腺素(NE)能下行系统的脊髓末梢以及脊髓内的α受体在吗啡镇痛机制中的作用。结果显示,皮下注射6mg/kg 吗啡可使脊髓中的 NE 代谢终产物3-甲氧基4-羟基苯乙二醇硫酸盐(MHPG·SO_4)含量升高,提示脊髓 NE 的更新加速;反复多次注射吗啡引起吗啡镇痛耐受的动物,该反应消失。脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射α受体阻断剂酚妥拉明可部分对抗全身注射小剂量吗啡的镇痛作用,选择性的α_1受体阻断剂哌唑嗪或α_2受体阻断剂育亨宾有类似作用。阻断脊髓α_1或α_2受体对脊髓蛛网膜下腔直接注射微量吗啡的镇痛作用无显著影响,以上结果表明,下行 NE 能系统在吗啡镇痛机制中具有重要作用。 相似文献
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目的:通过对尿儿茶酚胺代谢产物去甲肾上腺素、甲氧基肾上腺素的测定,综合分析其对嗜铬细胞瘤的早期临床诊断价值。方法:利用酶联免疫分析法和传统柱层析法,对正常人和临床诊断为嗜铬细胞瘤及肾上腺占位病变并伴有阵发性高血压患者的24h尿去甲基肾上腺素/甲氧基肾上腺素和3-甲氧基-4-羟基苦杏仁酸(VMA)进行测定。结果:与VMA相比,24h尿去甲基肾上腺素/甲氧基肾上腺素在嗜铬细胞瘤患者中的测定值要显著高于其他肾上腺占位性病变伴高血压患者和正常人群,二者方法学有显著性差异。结论:酶联免疫分析法检测24h尿去甲基肾上腺素/甲氧基肾上腺素具有灵敏度高、特异性好的特点,为临床从肾上腺占位性病变并伴有阵发性高血压患者中筛查嗜铬细胞瘤提供了一种有价值的参考方法。 相似文献
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给200g 左右的大鼠腹腔注射γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)合成和释放抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3MP)25、20和10mg/kg,可以加强电针和吗啡的镇痛作用。这种加强作用可被 GABA 降解酶抑制剂氨氧乙酸(AOAA)所对抗。腹腔注射 AOAA 25mg/kg 能提高脑内 GABA 含量,同时降低电针和吗啡的镇痛作用,这种降低作用可被 GABA 合成酶抑制剂异烟肼和 GABA 受体阻断剂氯甲基荷包牡丹碱所对抗。这些实验结果表明,脑内 GABA 能系统对于电针和吗啡镇痛具有对抗作用。文中讨论了 GABA 上述作用的可能机理。 相似文献
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运用行为测痛结合蓝斑(LC)灌流液去甲肾上腺素(NE)的高压液相(HPLC)测定;观察 大鼠痛阈(PT)与LC灌流液中去甲肾上腺素含量变化间的相互关系,结果表明:(l)视上核 (SON)内注射 10μmL-谷氨酸(L-glutamicacid, L-Glu)后 30分钟,大鼠PT较注射前增加133. 2± 21.4%,此时LC 灌流液中NE含量从注射前的437.3±20.4ng/ml降到229.2±11.9ng/ml,注射 后60分钟PT仍比注射前高83.9±14.7%,而灌流液中NE的含量为328.6±28.0ng/ml,与人工 脑脊液(ACSF)对照组相比有非常明显的差别(P<0.05~0.001)。(2) SON注射L-Glu后,电 针足三里30分钟(L-GIU+EA组)增加到注射前的188.2±23.9%,同ACSF电针组(ACSF+ EA)的 94.9±7.1%相比有明显差异(P<0.01)。此时LC灌流液中NE的含量虽较注射前都明显 降低、分别为137.6±7.5ng/ml和 151,1±11.5ng/ml,但两者相比无明显差异。停针后30分钟L- Glu+EA组的PT仍比注射前高133.8±27.9%,明显高于 相似文献
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本工作分别采用新生期大鼠注射谷氨酸-钠(MSG)损毁弓状核区及电刺激弓状核(ARC)区的方法,观察对脑和脊髓内亮-脑啡肽(LEK)、多巴胺(DA)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)含量的影响。MSG 大鼠脑和脊髓内 LEK、NE 含量较对照组无明显变化,但端脑内 DA 含量显著升高。刺激 ARC 区后脊髓内 NE 含量明显上升。上述结果提示:弓状核区对端脑 DA 能系统可能具有某种紧张性抑制作用,而刺激弓状核产生的镇痛效应可能和下行 NE 能系统有一定关系。 相似文献
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家兔杏仁核内的5-羟色胺和内源性吗啡样物质在电针镇痛和吗啡镇痛中起重要作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本工作的目的是要确定杏仁核内的吗啡样物质(内啡素)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)是否参与电针镇痛和吗啡镇痛。经慢性埋植套管向家兔杏仁核内微量注射阿片受体阻断剂纳洛酮,或5-HT受体阻断剂肉桂硫胺,可使电针的镇痛效果显著减弱,尤以注入中央杏仁核作用最为显著,双侧注射效果大于单侧,注入核外则无效。杏仁核内注入5-HT 的前体5-HTP,或脑啡肽降解酶抑制剂 D-苯丙氨酸可使电针镇痛显著加强。上述措施凡是加强或对抗电针镇痛的,也能加强或对抗吗啡镇痛。以上结果表明,电针刺激或注射吗啡可能在杏仁核内引起5-HT 和内啡素(很可能是脑啡肽)的释放,而发挥镇痛效应。 相似文献
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1.给大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射甲啡肽200—800nmol引起与剂量相关的镇痛效应。注射脑啡肽降解酶抑制剂Thiorphan 50nmol或Benatin 300nmol可加强电针镇痛,注射甲啡肽抗体则可对抗电针镇痛。这些资料说明内源性甲啡肽确实在痛觉调制系统中起着重要作用。 2.脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射亮啡肽800nmol使痛阈升高44%,其镇痛效应尚不及200nmol甲啡肽的作用(痛闻升高61%);注射甲七肽10-200nmol未见痛阈明显改变。注射亮啡肽或甲七肽抗体并不能对抗电针镇痛;注射甲七肽降解酶抑制剂Captopril 1000nmol也不能加强电针镇痛。这些资料说明,脊髓中的亮啡肽和甲七肽存痛觉调制中可能不起重要作用。 相似文献
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Abstract— The Thy-1 antigen of rat brain is a membrane glycoprotein of molecular weight 17,500. It was localized in sections of brain and spinal cord by indirect immunofluorescence using rabbit antisera raised against purified Thy-1 and fluorescein conjugated purified sheep F(ab')2 , anti-(rabbit IgG) antibody fragments. The specificity of the anti-(Thy-1) sera was tested by a quantitative indirect radioactive binding assay which is particularly useful for ascertaining the specificity of reagents used in immunohistochemical studies. Purified Thy-1 was used to absorb the anti-(Thy-1) sera for controls in the immunofluorescence experiments. Strong specific fluorescence was found throughout the gray matter of brain and spinal cord with lesser amounts in white matter. The nuclei of all neural cells and also myelin lacked fluorescence. Some of the large neurons contained weak cytoplasmic fluorescence, but the majority of the immunofluorescence was located in the neuropil of the brain and spinal cord. There was an indication that Thy-1 was associated with synaptic knobs due to its presence in synaptic glomeruli and its granular appearance around some neurons. An additional association with glial membranes could not be excluded. 相似文献
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大白鼠脊髓、脑干和海马乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用乙酰胆碱酯酶 (ACh E)组织化学方法 ,观察了大白鼠脊髓、脑干和海马等脑区 ACh E阳性神经元的活性。结果显示 :(1)脊髓 :脊髓前角、后角神经元 ACh E均为中等阳性 ( ) ,脊髓中间外侧核 ACh E呈强阳性 ( )。 (2 )脑干 :延髓中的三叉神经脊束核、舌下神经核 ACh E均呈强阳性 ( ) ,中缝大核 ACh E呈中等阳性 ( ) ;脑桥的蓝斑核 ACh E呈强阳性 ( ) ,而三叉神经中脑核等核团 ACh E呈中等阳性 ( ) ;中脑的非脑神经核团红核、黑质 ACh E呈阳性 (+ )或中等阳性 ( ) ,脑神经核团动眼神经核和动眼神经副交感核 ACh E呈强阳性 ( )。 (3)海马 :海马 CA3区 ACh E为强阳性( ) ,CA2 和 CA1 区为中等阳性 ( )。本实验表明 ACh E阳性神经元广泛分布于中枢神经系统不同脑区 ,为进一步探讨 ACh在中枢神经系统中的作用提供了形态学资料。 相似文献
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PITFALLS IN THE USE OF RAPID FREEZING FOR STOPPING BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD METABOLISM IN RAT AND MOUSE 总被引:1,自引:4,他引:1
D. F. Swaab 《Journal of neurochemistry》1971,18(11):2085-2092
The rate at which the metabolism is stopped by means of freezing in Freon-12 (–150°C) was studied in various areas of the rat and mouse CNS, using changes in temperature and levels of glucose and lactate as parameters for this rate. The rat cerebral cortex was frozen after 0.5 min while the hypothalamus reached 0°C after more than 1.5 min. The skin on the skull was found to be the most important temperature isolator for the cortex. Substrate levels can be studied in this area only if this piece of skin is removed previously. In the mouse, the cerebral cortex was frozen after 6 s, the hypothalamus after 0.5 min. The lumbar level of the mouse spinal cord was frozen after 15 s, the cervical level only after 47 s. Liquid nitrogen alone cooled the mouse cerebral cortex at least as fast as did Freon at its melting point. A gradual decrease from dorsal to ventral was observed in the glucose level of the molecular layer of the mouse cerebellum. The existence of a freezing front, moving slowly from dorsal to ventral, and its consequences for the measured levels of biologically labile substrates, are discussed. 相似文献
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应用特异的心钠素免疫金银染色和放射免疫测定法,证明在人和大鼠脊髓内亦存在有心钠素样物质。心钠素免疫金银染色发现在人脊髓各段均有心钠素免疫反应阳性的神经元广泛分布。这些神经元主要位于脊髓腹角,同时脊髓背角和侧角亦有少量分布。应用对照吸收试验,其心钠素免疫反应阳性颗粒便消失或明显减少。心钠素放射免疫测定发现,从大鼠颈髓到胸、腰、骶髓均有心钠素样物质存在,其中以骶髓含量最高,为21.9±4.48ng/g组织;腰髓次之,为3.78±0.74ng/g组织;颈、胸髓含量最低,分别为0.58±0.14和0.46±0.21ng/g组织。应用凝胶过滤和高压液相层析证明,大鼠脊髓中心钠素亦以多分子形式存在,但以28个氨基酸的大鼠心房利纳多肽(rANP)为主。此外,对在体大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔灌流研究发现,高钾去极化刺激可使大鼠脊髓心钠素样物质释放。 相似文献
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大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射5-羟色胺和吗啡的镇痛作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本工作利用大鼠脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射的方法,观察了在脊髓水平5-HT 和吗啡的镇痛作用及其相互关系。结果如下:(1)脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射 200μg 5-HT 或10μg吗啡可产生明显的镇痛作用,并分别被 5-HT受体阻断剂肉桂硫胺和阿片受体阻断剂纳洛酮所对抗。(2)单纯使用肉桂硫胺可产生痛敏。纳洛酮对痛阈无明显影响。(3)5-HT 镇痛作用不能被大剂量纳洛酮(10mg/kg,sc)阻断。吗啡镇痛作用则可被脊髓蛛网膜下腔注射肉桂硫胺所削弱。后一效应可能与肉桂硫胺本身可引起痛敏有关。上述结果表明,在脊髓水平5-HT 和吗啡可通过各自的受体产生镇痛作用,两者间无明显依赖关系。5-HT 可能有紧张性活动,内源性阿片肽似不存在紧张性作用。 相似文献
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采用地高辛标记生长抑素反意RNA探针经原位杂交和显色后,光学显微镜下观察生长抑素mRNA在大鼠脊髓内的定位。结果显示:脊髓内含有大量呈紫蓝色的生长抑素mRNA阳性神经细胞,岍性磷酸酶反应产生 相似文献
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Abstract— Norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DM) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HVA) content have been measured in different parts of rat spinal cord and cerebellum by a gas chromatographic mass spectrometric method. In cerebellum, which does not contain dopaminergic neurons, the ratio of NE to DA content was 47, whereas in parts of the spinal cord this ratio varied between 11 and 19. In the cord after desipramine (25 mg/kg, i.p.) plus 6-hydroxydopamine (6-HDA, 100/jg intracisternally), there was a significant depletion of DM but not of NE. Conversely, after benztropine (25 mg/kg, i.p.) plus 6-HDA there was a significant depletion of NE but not of DM. Chlorpromazine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) or clozapine (25 mg/kg, i.p.) caused a significant increase in spinal cord HVA concentration 1 h after treatment. Evidence is presented which suggests that the increased HVA measured in the cord did not originate in the brain. After electrolytic lesion of the locus coeruleus there was a significant reduction of NE but not of DM. Spinal cord DM and NE were depleted by reserpine in a dose-dependent manner, the threshold dose for DM depletion being less than that for NE depletion. Seven days after cord transection at T10 spinal cord DM was significantly reduced in the lumbar region. These results suggest that dopaminergic neurons exist in rat spinal cord independently of noradrenergic neurons and that the DM is likely to be present in the terminals of descending axons. 相似文献