RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录延伸因子

当RNA聚合酶Ⅱ(RNAPⅡ)离开启动子开始转录延伸时,会遇到包括紧密包装形成染色质的核小体在内的多种障碍,细胞内存在多种因子可协助RNAPⅡ克服这些障碍,保证转录的顺利进行。遗传和生化研究已经分离和鉴定了一些在此过程中起作用的延伸因子(elongation factor),现依据作用方式和效果对目前发现的主要延伸因子的研究进展进行了分类综述。     

Chromosomal Localization of Human RNA Polymerase II Subunit Genes

The eukaryotic DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (or B) is composed of 10 to 14 polypeptides ranging from 220 to 10 kDa. To gain further insight into the molecular structure and function of these subunits, we have undertaken the molecular cloning of nucleotide sequences corresponding to the human enzyme. The cDNAs of five subunits (hRPB220, hRPB140, hRPB33, hRPB25, and hRPB14.5) have been isolated. Using in situ hybridization, we show that the genes of these subunits have distinct chromosomal locations (17p13, 4q12, 16q13-q21, 19p13.3, and 19q12, respectively). Thus, if assembly of active polymerase molecules requires coordinated expression from these independent genes, mechanisms that ensure tight coregulation of the corresponding promoters must exist.     

Condensin II Counteracts Cohesin and RNA Polymerase II in the Establishment of 3D Chromatin Organization

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Comparative Epigenomics Reveals that RNA Polymerase II Pausing and Chromatin Domain Organization Control Nematode piRNA Biogenesis

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Definition of RNA Polymerase II CoTC Terminator Elements in the Human Genome

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Highlights? Strategy for mapping mammalian Pol II terminator elements ? CoTC terminator elements mapped to endogenous gene loci ? Two modes of Pol II termination visualized at endogenous gene loci