Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Teaching Standard English in the Inner City . RALPH W. FASOLD and ROGER W. SHUY, eds.
Language and Reading: An Interdisciplinary Approach . DORIS V. GUNDERSON, ed.     

Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
The Dance Language and Orientation of Bees. By K arl von F risch .
Abbreviated Titles of Biological Journals (3rd edition). Compiled by P. C. W illiams .
Fisheries Biology, a Study in Population Dynamics. By D. H. C ushing .     

American Social Insects. A Book about Bees, Ants, Wasps, and Termites. Charles D. Michener and Mary H. Michener

Beiträge zur Gesellungs und Völkerwissenschaft . Prof. Dr. Richard Thurnwald zu seinem achtzigsten Geburtstag gewidmet.
Chippewa Child Life and Its Cultural Background . Sister M. Inez Hilger.
The Wolf Ritual of the Northwest Coast . Alice Henson Ernst.
The Sandpaintings of the Kayenta Navaho , Leland C.
Three Navaho Households: A Comparative Study of Small Group Culture . John M. Roberts.
Falasha Anthology , translated from Ethiopic Sources with an Introduction. Wolf Leslau.
Marriage and the Family in Caucasia . Louis J. Luzbetak, S.V.D.
The Persian Language . Reuben Levy.
Race-Relations in Ancient Egypt: Greek, Egyptian, Hebrew, Roman . S. Davis.
Paleontology and Modern Biology . D. M. S. Watson.     

On What Is Between Words

Language and Thought: Anthropological Iaaues . William C. McCormack and Stephen A. Wurm, eds .
Linguistics and Anthropology . Muriel Saville- Troike, ed .     

Patrolling the Border: Experiments in Poetics

The Poetics of Mind: Figurative Thought, Language and Understanding. Raymond W. Gibbs Jr.
Dancing with the Devil: Society and Cultural Poetics in Mexican-American South Texas. José E. Limón. Madison     

Wrappings of Japan

Situated Meaning: Inside and Outside in Japanese Self, Society, and Language. Jane M. Bachnik and Charles J. Quinn Jr.
Women, Media and Consumption in Japan. Lise Skov and Brian Moeran     

Reviews of publications

Book reviewed in this article:
Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms , by Sybil P. Parker
The Natterjack Toad , by Trevor J. C. Beebee
Seals of the World , by Judith E. King.
British Hoverflies , by A. E. Stubbs and S. J. Falk.
Handbook of Microscopy , by Marcel Locquin and Maurice Langeron.
Global Marine Pollution Bibliography. Ocean Dumping of Municipal and Industrial Wastes , by Michael A. Champ and P. Kilho Park.
Animal Language , by M. Bright.
Modelling Fluctuating Populations , by R. M. Nisbet and W. S. C. Gurney.
Plant-Atmosphere Relationships , by J. Grace.
Wetland Ecology , by J. R. Etherington
The Role of Fire in Northern Circumpolar Ecosystems (SCOPE 18), edited by R. W. Wein and D. A. Maclean. John Wiley and Sons     

Bilingualism and Bilingual Education in the United States

Bilingual Education for Hispanic Students in the United States . Joshua A. Fishman and Gary D. Keller , eds. New York: Teachers College Press, 1982. x + 502 pp. $18.95 (paper).
Bilingualism and Language Contact: Spanish, English, and Native American Languages . Florence Barkin, Elizabeth A. Brandt , and Jacob Ornstein-Galicia , eds. New York: Teachers College Press, 1982. xiii + 320 pp. $24.95 (cloth).
Spanish in the United States: Sociolinguistic Aspects . Jon Amastae and Lucia Elias-Olivares , eds. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982. x + 434 pp. $14.00 (paper).
The New Bilingualism: An American Dilemma . Martin Ridge , ed. Proceedings of a Conference Sponsored by Center for Study of the American Experience. The Annenberg School of Communications, University of Southern California, May 1980. Los Angeles: University of Southern California Press, 1981. 272 pp. $20.00 (cloth).     

The "Polyphyletic" Origin of the Genus Ablepharus (Reptilia, Scincidae): a Case of Parallel Evolution

It is generally admitted that the some 38 species referred to Ablepharus Lichtenstein, 1823 (Sauria, Scincidae) belong to the same evolutionary level. S mith (1935), followed by P arker (1936), D e W itte (1936), M itchell and S torr (in. litt.) pointed out the "polyphyletic" origin of the "ablepharine" skinks, and G reer (1967) presented arguments on the basis of the skull morphology. The study of nearly all the skinks assigned to the genus Ablepharus is in agreement with the above statements. A tentative new generic arrangement is presented, based on the assumption of several parallel evolutionary series, starting from closely related although different lines, showing convergent morphological features under the action of a similar way of life (burrowing and cryptic). The "ablepharine" skinks assemblage includes different evolutionary levels, which have to be referred to distinct genera. Only bivittatus, pannonicus, deserti and kitaibelii are assigned to Ablepharus Lichtenstein; boutonii belongs to Cryptoblepharus Wiegmann. The African "ablepharine" skinks, together with several other species having a transparent window in the lower lid, are included in Panaspis Cope. The Australian species commonly ascribed to the genus Ablepharus , should be considered as belonging to following generic taxa:
1. Morethia Gray, 1844, including the species lineo-ocellata, butleri, taeniopleura ;
2. Pseudemoia Fuhn, 1967, monotypic ( spenceri );
3. Cryptoblepharus Wiegmann, 1834, monotypic ( boutonii ), but the species is polytypic.
4. Notoscincus n. g., with the species ornatus and wotjulum ;
5. Menetia Gray, 1844, monotypic ( greyi );
6. Species incertae sedis, burnetti (polytypic);
7. Proablepharus n. g., including tenuis (polytypic);
8. Species incertae sedis, with the species davisi and kinghorni ;
9. Lerista Bell, 1833, including elegans, distinguenda, lineata, muelleri, timida and all the species assigned to Rhodona and Nodorha (G reer , 1967).     

REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
"The Biological Control of Prickly Pear in Australia." By A. P. D odd . Council for Sci. and Indus. Res. Bull .
Statistical Methods for Research Workers . By R. A. F isher .     

P-12A RETROSPECTIVE AUDIT OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY OF PANCREAS

Background:  Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of pancreas is a widely accepted method of diagnosis of pancreatic mass lesions. We have performed a retrospective analysis of all radiological (CT/ultrasound) and endoscopic ultrasound guided procedures at our institution.
Aim:  (1) To review the results of FNAC of pancreas from January 2000 to April 2006. (2) To calculate the inadequate rate. (3) To account for discrepancies between the cytological and histological diagnoses. (4) To identify any false positive cases if present.
Method:  The results of all pancreatic FNAC reported at our institute from January 2000 to April 2006 were identified from the laboratory system. All results were classified as follows: Inadequate, inconclusive, benign, suspicious and malignant. The results were further categorised depending on whether they were CT/ultrasound guided or EUS guided. The histological diagnosis where available was used as the gold standard and where discrepancies were present the cytological preparations were reviewed.
Results:  Seventy-three patients underwent pancreatic FNAC during the study period. Table 1 illustrates our results.
 

     

12.

The Right to Survive in North America     

Lisa J. Bond-Maupin  and James R. Maupin 《American anthropologist》1995,97(1):129-131

Surviving as Indians: The Challenge of Self-Government . Menno Boldt.
"Retained by the People": A History of American Indians and the Bill of Rights . John R. Wunder.     

13.

Characterization of Multiple Helicobacter bizzozeronii Isolates From a Finnish Patient With Severe Dyspeptic Symptoms and Chronic Active Gastritis     

Rauni Kivistö  Jüri Linros  Mirko Rossi  Hilpi Rautelin  Marja-Liisa Hänninen 《Helicobacter》2010,15(1):58-66

Background:  Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of gastritis and peptic ulceration in humans. In a minority of patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms, long tightly coiled spiral bacteria, provisionally named " Helicobacter heilmannii, " are observed in gastric biopsies. These bacteria are extremely fastidious and only one previous study has succeeded in obtaining an isolate in vitro.
Materials and Methods:  We used two different selective media to isolate " H. heilmannii " from the gastric mucosa of a Finnish patient presenting with severe dyspeptic symptoms. The isolates were characterized by testing for urease and catalase activity, by using light and electron microscopy, and by sequencing of the partial 16S rRNA and ureAB genes. Single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (sAFLP) was used to analyze the genetic diversity among the isolates.
Results:  We obtained 15 isolates from different gastric biopsies prior and three after unsuccessful treatment of the patient. The isolates were identified as Helicobacter bizzozeronii . Eradication therapy was unsuccessful most probably due to high level of resistance to metronidazole. Persistent colonization by the same H. bizzozeronii clone was confirmed by sAFLP, however, small differences between the profiles suggested long-term colonization of the patient.
Conclusions:  Helicobacter bizzozeronii remains the only " H. heilmannii " species isolated from human gastric mucosa although it has been an infrequent observation among " H. heilmannii "-infected patients in PCR-based screening studies. The relevance of H. bizzozeronii and other potentially zoonotic gastric Helicobacter spp. in human disease remains to be determined.     

14.

The evolution of syntactic structure     

Richard Moore 《Biology & philosophy》2017,32(4):599-613

Two new books—Creating Language: Integrating Evolution, Acquisition, and Processing by Morten H. Christiansen and Nick Chater, and Why Only Us: Language and Evolution by Robert C. Berwick and Noam Chomsky—present a good opportunity to assess the state of the debate about whether or not language was made possible by language-specific adaptations for syntax. Berwick and Chomsky argue yes: language was made possible by a single change to the computation Merge. Christiansen and Chater argue no: our syntactic abilities developed on the back of natural selection for general-purpose sequence learning mechanisms. While Christiansen and Chater’s book testifies to impressive developments in constructivist approaches to language development, it’s not obvious that it has the resources to explain the hierarchical nature of syntactic binding. Despite this, the views have much in common.     

15.

P-13CERVICAL SMEAR REPORTING IN NORTHERN IRELAND SLE PATIENTS     

M. T. McHenry  R. Clarke  N. Anderson  & A. L. Bell 《Cytopathology》2006,17(S1):25-25

Introduction:  SLE is an autoimmune disease with the potential for multi-organ involvement. It has been suggested that SLE patients may be at increased risk of cervical dysplasia. We studied a cohort of Northern Ireland Lupus patients and compared them to controls within the same geographical location assessing their cervical smear histories and performing an up-to-date cervical smear.
Methods:  A total of 141 SLE patients fulfilling the ACR criteria for lupus were enrolled into the study. They were compared to 138 control patients who were due to attend for a routine cervical smear within the same geographical location. Each patient gave written consent to be involved in the study including access to medical records and pathology data.
Results:   

     

16.

P-14CERVICAL DYSPLASIA AND RISK FACTORS IN NORTHERN IRELAND SLE PATIENTS     

M. T. McHenry  K. Cuschieri  C. Moore  H. A. Cubie  R. Clarke  N. Anderson  & A. L. Bell 《Cytopathology》2006,17(S1):25-26

Introduction:  An increased risk of cervical dysplasia has previously been reported in lupus. The role of traditional related risk factors are unclear. Persistent infection with certain genotypes of Human Papilloma Virus termed high risk (HR-HPV) is considered a prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer.
Methods:  A total of 141 SLE patients fulfilling the ACR criteria for lupus were enrolled into the study. They were compared to 138 control patients who were due to attend for a routine cervical smear. Each patient completed a cervical cancer risk factor questionnaire. A cervical smear was taken and residual material used to test for the presence of HR-HPV using a hybridisation microplate assay. Positive samples were then genotyped.
Results:   

     

17.

Book Reviews     

《Journal of Phytopathology》1993,139(4):373-376

Book reviewed in this article:
Walther, I., und G. "Walther (Hrsg.) , PSI Pflanzenschutz Schädlingsbekämpfung Informationen.     

18.

REVIEW     

《The New phytologist》1905,4(7):172-173

Book reviews in this article:
"P flanzenphysiologie ," Vol. II., Part 2; pp. 353–986, By Dr. W. P feffer     

19.

Film Reviews     

《American anthropologist》1990,92(1):268-270

Book reviewed in this article:
Inheritance. 1987. Produced and directed by Bill Donovan.
"Two Dollars and a Dream." 1987. A film by Stanley Nelson.     

20.

BioSWR – Semantic Web Services Registry for Bioinformatics     

Dmitry Repchevsky  Josep Ll. Gelpi 《PloS one》2014,9(9)

     

The Right to Survive in North America

Surviving as Indians: The Challenge of Self-Government . Menno Boldt.
"Retained by the People": A History of American Indians and the Bill of Rights . John R. Wunder.     

Characterization of Multiple Helicobacter bizzozeronii Isolates From a Finnish Patient With Severe Dyspeptic Symptoms and Chronic Active Gastritis

Background:  Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of gastritis and peptic ulceration in humans. In a minority of patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms, long tightly coiled spiral bacteria, provisionally named " Helicobacter heilmannii, " are observed in gastric biopsies. These bacteria are extremely fastidious and only one previous study has succeeded in obtaining an isolate in vitro.
Materials and Methods:  We used two different selective media to isolate " H. heilmannii " from the gastric mucosa of a Finnish patient presenting with severe dyspeptic symptoms. The isolates were characterized by testing for urease and catalase activity, by using light and electron microscopy, and by sequencing of the partial 16S rRNA and ureAB genes. Single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (sAFLP) was used to analyze the genetic diversity among the isolates.
Results:  We obtained 15 isolates from different gastric biopsies prior and three after unsuccessful treatment of the patient. The isolates were identified as Helicobacter bizzozeronii . Eradication therapy was unsuccessful most probably due to high level of resistance to metronidazole. Persistent colonization by the same H. bizzozeronii clone was confirmed by sAFLP, however, small differences between the profiles suggested long-term colonization of the patient.
Conclusions:  Helicobacter bizzozeronii remains the only " H. heilmannii " species isolated from human gastric mucosa although it has been an infrequent observation among " H. heilmannii "-infected patients in PCR-based screening studies. The relevance of H. bizzozeronii and other potentially zoonotic gastric Helicobacter spp. in human disease remains to be determined.     

The evolution of syntactic structure

Two new books—Creating Language: Integrating Evolution, Acquisition, and Processing by Morten H. Christiansen and Nick Chater, and Why Only Us: Language and Evolution by Robert C. Berwick and Noam Chomsky—present a good opportunity to assess the state of the debate about whether or not language was made possible by language-specific adaptations for syntax. Berwick and Chomsky argue yes: language was made possible by a single change to the computation Merge. Christiansen and Chater argue no: our syntactic abilities developed on the back of natural selection for general-purpose sequence learning mechanisms. While Christiansen and Chater’s book testifies to impressive developments in constructivist approaches to language development, it’s not obvious that it has the resources to explain the hierarchical nature of syntactic binding. Despite this, the views have much in common.     

P-13CERVICAL SMEAR REPORTING IN NORTHERN IRELAND SLE PATIENTS

Introduction:  SLE is an autoimmune disease with the potential for multi-organ involvement. It has been suggested that SLE patients may be at increased risk of cervical dysplasia. We studied a cohort of Northern Ireland Lupus patients and compared them to controls within the same geographical location assessing their cervical smear histories and performing an up-to-date cervical smear.
Methods:  A total of 141 SLE patients fulfilling the ACR criteria for lupus were enrolled into the study. They were compared to 138 control patients who were due to attend for a routine cervical smear within the same geographical location. Each patient gave written consent to be involved in the study including access to medical records and pathology data.
Results:   

     

P-14CERVICAL DYSPLASIA AND RISK FACTORS IN NORTHERN IRELAND SLE PATIENTS

Introduction:  An increased risk of cervical dysplasia has previously been reported in lupus. The role of traditional related risk factors are unclear. Persistent infection with certain genotypes of Human Papilloma Virus termed high risk (HR-HPV) is considered a prerequisite for the development of cervical cancer.
Methods:  A total of 141 SLE patients fulfilling the ACR criteria for lupus were enrolled into the study. They were compared to 138 control patients who were due to attend for a routine cervical smear. Each patient completed a cervical cancer risk factor questionnaire. A cervical smear was taken and residual material used to test for the presence of HR-HPV using a hybridisation microplate assay. Positive samples were then genotyped.
Results:   

     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Walther, I., und G. "Walther (Hrsg.) , PSI Pflanzenschutz Schädlingsbekämpfung Informationen.     

REVIEW

Book reviews in this article:
"P flanzenphysiologie ," Vol. II., Part 2; pp. 353–986, By Dr. W. P feffer     

Film Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Inheritance. 1987. Produced and directed by Bill Donovan.
"Two Dollars and a Dream." 1987. A film by Stanley Nelson.