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1.
Alkaloids of Nelumbo nucifera 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Kunitomo Y. Yoshikawa S. Tanaka Y. Imori K. Isoi Y. Masada K. Hashimoto T. Inoue 《Phytochemistry》1973,12(3):699-701
The alkaloids of leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. were examined using combined GLC-MS. The occurrence of four new alkaloids, dehydroroemerine (XII), dehydronuciferine (XI), dehydroanonaine (XIII) and N-methylisococlaurine (III) were revealed, besides the known roemerine (V), nuciferine (VI), anonaine (VII), pronuciferine (IV), N-nornuciferine (VIII), nornuciferine (IX), amepavine (I) and N-methylcoclaurine (II). 相似文献
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莲藕的组织培养与快速繁殖 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
1 植物名称 莲藕 (Nelumbonucifera)鄂莲 4号。2 材料类别 茎尖。3 培养条件 ( 1 )芽分化培养基 :MS 6 BA1 .0~ 2 .0mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) NAA 0 .2 3.0 %蔗糖 ;( 2 )增殖培养基 :MS 6 BA 0 .5~ 1 .0 IBA0 .2 3.0 %蔗糖 ;( 3)生根培养基 :MS IBA 0 .5~1 .0 AC 1 50 0 蔗糖 5.0 %。以上各培养基加0 .6%琼脂 ,pH 5.8。 ( 4 )移栽用营养液 :1 /4MS。培养温度 2 5~ 2 8℃ ,每天光照 1 0h ,光照度 1 0 0 0~ 1 50 0lx。4 生长与分化情况4.1 茎尖的切取与分化 切取健康… 相似文献
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The Diffusion of Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapour through Stomata 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
An account is given of the diffusion of carbon dioxide and ofwater vapour through the stomata of leaves in the presence ofair. It shows that the argument given in K. J. Parkinson andH. L. Penman's paper (1970): A Possible Source of Errorin the Estimation of Stomatal Resistance is substantiallyincorrect. However, the correction factors to the sugar beetdata presented in their paper are valid owing to a fortuitousset of circumstances including the similarity in magnitude oftwo mutual diffusion coefficients. The concept of stomatal resistanceis criticized. 相似文献
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Nelumbo nucifera (Nn.) fiber is the isolated secondary wall of the Nn. leafstalk Tracheary elements which has a unique shape. As the shape of the fiber may strongly affect the industrial uses especially for textile usage, the morphology and structure of Nn. fiber at different growth stages were investigated by several techniques in the present work. The Nn. fiber has spriral morphology with cellulose I structure. The diameter of mature fiber is about 4 μm and the cross-section shows elliptical or slightly oval shape without lumen. These findings aim to deeply understand the structure of Nn. fiber which is expected to be helpful to bring Nn. fiber into industrial use. 相似文献
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《Genome biology》2013,14(5):R41
Background
Sacred lotus is a basal eudicot with agricultural, medicinal, cultural and religious importance. It was domesticated in Asia about 7,000 years ago, and cultivated for its rhizomes and seeds as a food crop. It is particularly noted for its 1,300-year seed longevity and exceptional water repellency, known as the lotus effect. The latter property is due to the nanoscopic closely packed protuberances of its self-cleaning leaf surface, which have been adapted for the manufacture of a self-cleaning industrial paint, Lotusan.Results
The genome of the China Antique variety of the sacred lotus was sequenced with Illumina and 454 technologies, at respective depths of 101× and 5.2×. The final assembly has a contig N50 of 38.8 kbp and a scaffold N50 of 3.4 Mbp, and covers 86.5% of the estimated 929 Mbp total genome size. The genome notably lacks the paleo-triplication observed in other eudicots, but reveals a lineage-specific duplication. The genome has evidence of slow evolution, with a 30% slower nucleotide mutation rate than observed in grape. Comparisons of the available sequenced genomes suggest a minimum gene set for vascular plants of 4,223 genes. Strikingly, the sacred lotus has 16 COG2132 multi-copper oxidase family proteins with root-specific expression; these are involved in root meristem phosphate starvation, reflecting adaptation to limited nutrient availability in an aquatic environment.Conclusions
The slow nucleotide substitution rate makes the sacred lotus a better resource than the current standard, grape, for reconstructing the pan-eudicot genome, and should therefore accelerate comparative analysis between eudicots and monocots. 相似文献8.
Hong-Li Tian Xiao-Qing Chen Jian-Xiu Wang Jian-Hua Xue Jun Wen Grant Mitchell Shi-Liang Zhou 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(5):1385-1388
This paper reports the development of microsatellite primers for Nelumbo nucifera Gaerten. By screening genomic libraries enriched with 10 kinds of probes, Seventeen polymorphic loci were isolated and primers
were designed. Polymorphism of these 17 loci was assessed in 24 individuals. All the 17 loci are polymorphic and the number
of alleles ranged from two to seven. Observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.0000 to 0.9176 and
from 0.2837 to 0.7917 respectively. These microsatellite loci should be useful for studying the genetic diversity of N. nucifera. 相似文献
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建莲 Nelumbo nucifera cv.是我国栽培子莲的优良品种 ,因其主产于福建省建宁县而得名。建莲花、叶可观赏 ,藕可食用或加工藕粉 ,子实称莲子 ,是滋补佳品和食品加工的重要原料。建莲是当地重要的水生经济作物 ,种植广泛。在生产上 ,常见建莲植株受害虫为害严重 ,导致植株枯萎 ,叶片缺刻 ,子粒腐烂 ,对莲子产量和品质影响很大。为弄清建莲虫害种类及发生为害情况 ,于 1 998- 2 0 0 0年在建宁县各乡镇主要产莲区 ,对建莲虫害进行调查研究。调查发现建莲虫害共 1 5种 ,其中为害叶片害虫 8种 ,为害花和子实的害虫 5种 ,蛀杆害虫 1种 ,地下害虫 … 相似文献
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为了研究中国莲(Nelumbo nucifera)抗氧化系统对砷胁迫的响应,研究比较了两种不同价态无机砷As(Ⅲ)和砷As(V)对中国莲幼苗可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,中国莲幼苗中MDA和可溶性蛋白质含量随砷浓度的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势。中国莲幼苗的MDA和蛋白质含量受As(V)的影响不如As(11])敏感。抗氧化系统酶中,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)对砷处理最敏感,当As(11I)浓度在2.5pmol/L和As(V)浓度在100μmol/L时,SOD酶活性显著高于对照组。过氧化物酶(POD)在As(Ⅲ)处理浓度为10umol/L时就出现显著上升,相对而言,过氧化氢酶(CAT)对As(V)比较敏感。实验结果表明,随着浓度的增加,砷对幼苗产生的氧化胁迫导致SOD、CAT和POD三种酶活性有所增加,以配合清除细胞内的活性氧自由基(ROS),维持细胞代谢的稳定。本研究为进一步研究砷胁迫下莲的生理和生长变化、以及莲的培育和移植提供了部分基础数据。 相似文献
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莲品种资源的SRAP遗传多样性分析 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
利用分子标记SRAP技术对国内广泛栽培以及新近育成的39个莲品种进行了DNA多态性分析。选取5对引物扩增基因组DNA,共获得101条带,其中88条为多态性条带,每对引物平均提供20个标记信息。由UPMGA方法得到的聚类分析结果表明了39个品种间的遗传关系,结果表明:花莲、籽莲和藕莲三大类群有明显的界限,花莲和籽莲的遗传距离较近,藕莲与它们的遗传距离较远。分子方差分析结果表明:莲品种间和品种内均存在遗传变异,藕莲品种内的遗传变异略低于品种间的遗传变异,而诱变籽莲、诱变花莲和常规籽莲品种内遗传变异均大于品种间的遗传变异,尤其是诱变籽莲、诱变花莲品种内遗传变异占总变异的分量分别超过了70%和60%,这种品种内的遗传变异,一方面对于莲的高产稳产具有重要的意义,另一方面也说明了从这些国内广泛栽培的品种以及新近育成的莲品种中可以直接进一步选育出更优良的新品种。 相似文献
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Dry seeds of anoxia-tolerant lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn= Nelumbium speciosum Willd.) have green shoots with plastids containing chlorophyll, so photosynthesis starts even in seedlings germinated under water, namely hypoxia. Here we investigated antioxidative enzyme changes in N. nucifera seedlings responding to oxygen deficiency. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR; EC 1.8.5.1) and glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) were lower in seedlings germinated under water (submerged condition) in darkness (SD seedlings) than those found in seedlings germinated in air and darkness (AD seedlings). In contrast, ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) activity was higher in SD seedlings and the activity of catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR; EC 1.6.5.4) in SD seedlings was nearly the same as in AD seedlings. When SD seedlings were exposed to air, the activity of SOD, DHAR and GR increased, while the activity of catalase and MDAR decreased. Seven electrophoretically distinct SOD isozymes were detectable in N. nucifera . The levels of plastidic Cu,Zn-SODs and Fe-SOD in SD seedlings were comparable with those found in AD seedlings, which may reflect the maintenance of green plastids in SD seedlings as well as in AD seedlings. These results were substantially different from those previously found in rice seedlings germinated under water. 相似文献
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Woranuch La-ongsri Chusie Trisonthi Henrik Balslev 《Wetlands Ecology and Management》2009,17(4):279-289
Management and use of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.—the lotus plant—was studied in 58 wetlands distributed throughout Thailand. Although traditionally harvested in extractive
systems depending on natural wetlands, N. nucifera is now increasingly being managed. Two hundred eighty informants mentioned 20 different uses, mainly for food, medicine,
and religious rites, in both subsistence and cash economies. The uses of N. nucifera appeared to be rather generalized throughout the country even if informants in the northern and central regions knew of more
uses and ways of commercializing its products, possibly related to the abundance of wetlands and natural stand in those regions,
and maybe also cultural differences. 相似文献
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《Phytochemistry letters》2008,1(2):89-93
From the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera (an aquatic plant), one new compound, 24(R)-ethylcholest-6-ene-5α-ol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), along with 11 known metabolites (2–12), were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods including 1D- and 2D NMR. Antifungal activity for (R)-roemerine (3) (IC50/MIC = 4.5/10 μg/mL against Candida albicans) and antimalarial activity for (R)-roemerine (3) and N-methylasimilobine (5) (IC50 = 0.2 and 4.8 μg/mL for the D6 clone, respectively, and 0.4 and 4.8 μg/mL for the W2 clone, respectively) was observed. None of the compounds were cytotoxic to Vero cells up to a concentration of 23.8 μg/mL. NMR data for 10-eicosanol (7) and 7,11,15-trimethyl-2-hexadecanone (10) are presented for the first time. An analysis of the structure–activity relationship shows that the substituents in position C-1 and C-2 of aporphine alkaloids are crucial for the antimalarial activity. 相似文献
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本文建立高效液相色谱法同时测定荷叶中三种阿朴啡类生物碱2-羟基-1-甲氧基阿朴啡、N-去甲荷叶碱及荷叶碱的含量,并比较了6个产地(湖南、湖北、浙江、陕西、贵州、北京)和5个采收期(北京6~10月)荷叶中这三种生物碱的含量。结果显示不同产地荷叶生物碱含量差别明显,但均以荷叶碱为主,三者的总量在0.11%~1.15%之间,其中以浙江、贵州和湖南产荷叶中的三种生物碱含量较高,而湖北、陕西和北京产荷叶中生物碱含量较低。不同采收期对荷叶生物碱的含量也有较大影响,6月荷叶生物碱总量最高,随生长时间的延长,荷叶碱和N-去甲荷叶碱的含量降低,而2-羟基-1-甲氧基阿朴啡含量增高。 相似文献
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A novel ascorbate peroxidase (APX) cDNA was obtained from Nelumbo nucifera (Elian). The phylogenetic analysis indicated that N. nucifera APX grouped together with chloroplastic APX of high plants. The recombinant protein expressed by PET-30a vector showed APX activity (0.04?mM ascorbate min(-1) mg(-1) protein). The APX mRNA was expressed in young leaves, roots, terminal buds, and leafstalks. Synergistic expression of N. nucifera APX and MnSOD mRNA was indicated in the short-term response to mechanical wounding. 相似文献
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莲藕的化学成分与生物活性研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对莲藕(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)不同组织(莲藕、荷花、荷叶、莲梗、莲子、莲心、莲蓬)的有效化学成分(类黄酮、酚类、生物碱、三萜、多糖、SOD、膳食纤维、挥发油)作了简要的综述,并对其主要的生物活性进行了归纳,以期对莲藕资源的综合利用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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The phloem of very young petioles of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.(Nelumbium speciosum Willd.) was studied with the light microscope.The elongated, mature sieve elements contain slime, plugs, strands,and numerous plastids. Some sieve elements remain nucleatedfor a brief period even after the sieve plates are well developed.The companion cells numbering 814 undergo disintegrationbefore the elongation of the ontogenetically related sieve elementis completed. They are uninucleate to begin with but later becomebinucleate and finally degenerate and obliterate. The variousstages in their ontogeny and disintegration are described. Ofthe very few specialized phloem parenchyma cells present, someare associated with sieve elements. They have slime body-likestructures, and plastid-like bodies which group together andeventually disintegrate. 相似文献