共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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在不同温度(15℃-33℃)和温度52%-54条件下,观察土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani(Ugarov et Nikolski)实验种群的存活率,产卵量和寿命等,组建了实验种群生合表,估测了种群净增殖率(Ro)、内禀增长力(rm)、周限增长率(λ)等生殖力参数。 相似文献
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【目的】为了解加州新小绥螨Neoseiulus Californicus(McGregor)对土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani(Ugarov etNikolski)和截形叶螨Tetranychus truncate(Ehara)的控制能力。【方法】采用实验种群生命表方法进行评价。【结果】以土耳其斯坦叶螨为食时加州新小绥螨的净增值率(R_0=33.236)、内禀增长率(r_m=0.218),大于以截形叶螨为食时的值(R_0=32.458,r_m=0.207),而世代平均周期(T=16.340)和种群倍增时间(t=3.173)小于以截形叶螨为食时的值(T=16.849,t=3.355)。【结论】以土耳其斯坦叶螨为食有利于加州新小绥螨种群的发育和繁殖。 相似文献
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【目的】通过研究三唑锡亚致死浓度LC10、LC20及致死中浓度LC50对土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani运动速率的影响,为杀螨剂对土耳其斯坦叶螨在行为学方面影响提供科学依据,并将此作为评价药剂的作用机理的理论依据。【方法】采用叶片浸渍法,明确致死中浓度和亚致死浓度,使用LC-100昆虫行为记录仪对土耳其斯坦叶螨在受到三唑锡亚致死浓度LC10、LC20和LC50刺激下其运动速率进行记录,观察其运动速率在三唑锡不同浓度、不同天数、不同时间段的变化规律。【结果】在三唑锡不同亚致死浓度作用下,第1天到第3天的10:00―12:00,其运动速率比对照低,从第3天10:00―12:00期间到第5天20:00―22:00期间,其运动速率与对照没有显著性差异。在相同亚致死浓度作用下,第1天10:00―12:00期间,土耳其斯坦叶螨的运动速率显著高于15:00―17:00期间和20:00―22:00期间,而在第3天和第5天的3个时间段,对土耳其斯坦叶螨的运动速率没有显著影响。当作用的时段不同时,LC10第1天10:00―12:00显著高于第3天和第5天,而LC20、LC50在10:00―12:00没有显著性差异。三种浓度的第1天15:00―17:00显著低于第3天和第5天。第3及第5天20:00―22:00没有显著性差异。【结论】总体来看,3唑锡亚不同致死浓度对土耳其斯坦叶螨的运动速率影响受浓度、时间影响,浓度越高土耳其斯坦叶螨运动速率越慢;随着时间延长,农药亚致死浓度对土耳其斯坦叶螨的运动速率基本没有影响。 相似文献
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为了研究转基因棉花对北疆叶螨优势种土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani(Ugarov et Nikolskii)种群生命参数的影响,本实验以常规棉中棉49作为对照,构建了叶螨在单价转基因棉新棉33B(Bt)、双价转基因棉中棉41(Bt+CpTI)上的室内种群生命表。结果表明,单双价转基因棉对叶螨的生长发育历期及生殖参数并没有明显影响;且取食常规棉的叶螨种群参数净生殖率、内禀增长率、平均世代周期、种群加倍时间、周限增长率、存活曲线也与单双价棉无显著差异,这说明转基因棉对棉叶螨的生长发育、繁殖及种群增长并无显著影响。 相似文献
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通过叶碟饲养的方法, 利用生命表技术,研究了甲氰菊酯和阿维菌素亚致死剂量LC20处理柑橘全爪螨若螨后,对试验种群当代(F0)和后代(F1、F2代)生长发育及繁殖的影响.结果表明: 甲氰菊酯LC20处理若螨后,当代雌成螨产卵量显著增加;F1、F2代的产卵前期缩短,后代雌性比例增大,且均与对照差异显著;同时,F1和F2代种群内禀增长率(rm)和周限增长率(λ)增大,世代历期(T)和种群加倍时间(Dt)缩短,且F2代与对照相比差异显著.用阿维菌素LC20处理若螨后,当代种群雌成螨产卵量显著下降; F1和F2代的产卵量也显著下降,但后代雌性比例增大,产卵前期显著缩短;F1和F2代的种群rm和λ增大,T和Dt缩短,且F2代比F1代更为明显.总体来看,甲氰菊酯和阿维菌素亚致死浓度LC20对柑橘全爪螨的影响并不完全相同,甲氰菊酯能够促进当代种群的发展,而阿维菌素对当代种群有一定的抑制作用;但两种杀螨剂亚致死浓度处理柑橘全爪螨对后代种群都有一定的促进作用.研究结果对柑橘全爪螨综合防治策略的制定有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
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土耳其斯坦叶螨(Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nikolski)对胡瓜钝绥螨(Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans)的吸引测试表明,胡瓜钝绥螨对不同螨态的土耳其斯坦叶螨的刺激均能产生显著的吸引反应。胡瓜钝绥螨能捕食土耳其斯坦叶螨的卵,但对土耳其斯坦叶螨的“卵+丝网+粪便+取食斑”没有明显的反应,土耳其斯坦叶螨的若螨I和幼螨是胡瓜钝绥螨最喜欢的猎物。土耳其斯坦叶螨主要通过活动螨对胡瓜钝绥螨产生吸引反应,这种吸引反应能明显提高胡瓜钝绥螨在田间搜索土耳其斯坦叶螨的能力。 相似文献
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【目的】为探讨毒死蜱(Chlorpyrifos)对二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch种群动态的影响,室内研究了毒死蜱亚致死剂量对二斑叶螨实验种群成螨和若螨的生长发育、存活和繁殖情况的影响。【方法】用浸虫法进行测定,生命表方法分析亚致死效应。【结果】结果表明毒死蜱亚致死剂量LC25处理成螨后,雌成螨寿命、总产卵量、子代孵化率、性比与对照组无显著差异,其净增值率、内禀增长率、周限增长率以及种群加倍时间显著低于对照组。毒死蜱亚致死剂量LC25处理若螨后,总产卵量、净增值率、世代平均周期显著低于对照组,内禀增长率、周限增长率以及种群加倍时间与对照组无显著差异。扩散试验证明毒死蜱对二斑叶螨有较强的刺激扩散作用。【结论】以上结果说明毒死蜱亚致死剂量对不同发育阶段的二斑叶螨发育和繁殖的影响不同,毒死蜱对二斑叶螨的刺激扩散作用可能是引起二斑叶螨再猖獗的原因之一。 相似文献
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短时高温暴露对土耳其斯坦叶螨和截形叶螨的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
【目的】为了明确土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani和截形叶螨T. truncatus在高温逆境下的生存特性对其种群发展的影响。【方法】通过短时高温处理试验, 研究了土耳其斯坦叶螨和截形叶螨卵、 幼螨、 成螨在38℃, 42℃和46℃下处理2~6 h后的孵化率和存活率, 以及对其后续发育历期和生殖的影响。【结果】两种叶螨的卵和幼螨在38~46℃下处理2~6 h, 其存活率随着温度和处理时间的增加而降低, 后续发育历期随着温度和处理时间的增加而延长。两种叶螨的雌成螨在38~46℃下处理2~6 h后其存活率、 产卵前期、 产卵期和产卵量均不受影响, 但所产卵的孵化率明显降低, 其中土耳其斯坦叶螨在46℃下处理6 h的孵化率下降了15.5%, 截形叶螨在46℃下处理6 h的孵化率下降了18.0%。【结论】高温暴露主要影响叶螨的孵化率、 存活率和后续的发育历期, 对成螨的寿命和生殖无显著影响; 土耳其斯坦叶螨和截形叶螨对极端高温的适应性存在差异, 土耳其斯坦叶螨对高温的适应性要高于截形叶螨。 相似文献
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二斑叶螨对阿维菌素、哒螨灵和甲氰菊酯的抗性选育及其解毒酶活力变化 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
在室内模拟田间药剂的选择压力,用阿维菌素、哒螨灵和甲氰菊酯对二斑叶螨Tetranychuc urticae逐代处理,以选育其抗性种群。选育至12代,对阿维菌素抗性增长到6.72倍,对哒螨灵抗性增长到12.1倍,对甲氰菊酯抗性增长到19.9倍。酶抑制剂和离体酶活性的测定结果表明,阿维菌素抗性种群的多功能氧化酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的活性均有所提高;二斑叶螨对哒螨灵的抗性可能与多功能氧化酶、羧酸酯酶的活性增强有关;而羧酸酯酶、多功能氧化酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性的增强可能是二斑叶螨对甲氰菊酯产生抗性的主要原因。 相似文献
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Farzaneh-Sadat Seyed-Talebi Katayoon Kheradmand Reza Talaei-Hassanloui Khalil Talebi-Jahromi 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2012,22(3):293-303
Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana were studied on life table parameters of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae feeding on bean and cucumber under laboratory conditions. The developmental periods for all immature stages were not affected by fungal infection on each host plant but the duration of larval stage was significantly longer on bean. The female and male longevity, oviposition period and fecundity were significantly lower on fungus-treated mites but were not different between two host plants. Significant reductions were found on the intrinsic rate of increase (r m ), the net reproductive rate (R 0), the finite rate of increase (λ), the mean generation time (T c ) and the population doubling time (D t ) as a result of mycosis. Only the mean generation time (T c ) was influenced considering the effect of host plant, which was shorter on cucumber. 相似文献
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Moloud Gholamzadeh Chitgar Roya Khosravi Jalal JalaliSendi Mohammad Ghadamyari 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(7):781-788
Sublethal effects of Thymus vulgaris were investigated on life-table parameters of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) in the laboratory conditions at 25?±?1?°C, 70?±?10% RH and a 14:10?h (L:D) photoperiod. Bioassay was conducted to assess the effect of different concentrations of T. vulgaris essential oil on two-spotted spider mite. LC50 and LC20 of T. vulgaris on T. urticae were calculated as 18.86 and 6.24?μl/litre air for 24?h after treatment. In the sublethal effects, after 24?h exposure to LC50 concentration, mortality, fecundity and longevity of the females that survived from treatment were determined. Results showed that T. vulgaris caused significant reductions in fecundity and longevity of adults. Life-table assay indicated that the intrinsic rate of increase (r m), net reproductive rate (R 0), finite rate of increase (λ), mean generation time (T), significantly reduced in treated females compared to control. These results suggest that T. vulgaris could be incorporated in integrated pest management programmes of T. urticae. 相似文献
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ANASTASIA TSAGKARAKOU MARIA NAVAJAS PAGONA PAPAIOANNOU-SOULIOTIS & NICOLE PASTEUR† 《Molecular ecology》1998,7(1):71-79
Polymorphism of four enzymatic loci has been examined in 27 populations of Tetranychus urticae in relation to their geographical distribution and to two ecological parameters: open field vs. greenhouse habitats, and species of the colonized host plant. Genetic differentiation was significantly correlated to geographical distance in both types of habitat. Mite density and distribution of infested plants appear to be important factors for the population structure of T. urticae . In open field, T. urticae specimens from citrus trees were genetically more similar to other 'citrus' samples collected in different localities than they were from mites collected in the same locality on other plant species. 相似文献
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Roya Rezaei Habib Abbasipour Alireza Askarianzadeh 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(8):900-905
Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one of the most important pests of agricultural products that have a global distribution. Now, the control is dependent on the use of chemical pesticides. The effects of the sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC25) of the essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum were evaluated on some parameters of the life table of the pest, at the constant temperature of 30?°C, relative humidity of 40?±?5% and photoperiod of 16L: 8D. Our results showed that the essential oil of cinnamon is effective on female adult stage. Lethal concentration at which 50% mortality (LC50) for the essential oils is from C. zeylanicum on female adult mite was 23.39?μl/L air. Sublethal concentrations of the essential oil of C. zeylanicum also impair the natural biology of the mite. Concentrations of sublethal of essential oil decreased age-specific fertility (mx) of T. urticae compared with the control. Sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC25) have reduced the life expectancy (ex) in egg stage. Sublethal effects of the essential oil of C. zeylanicum and its impact on T. urticae management are discussed. 相似文献
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Ghasem Askari Saryazdi Mir Jalil Hejazi Marzieh Amizadeh 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(11):1278-1284
Lethal and sublethal effects of spirotetramat, spiromesifen and spirodiclofen were assessed on Tetranychus urticae Koch. Leaf disc bioassay was used in all experiments. In this study, toxicity of these compounds was tested on T. urticae eggs and adults. Ovicidal activity was observed in all of the compounds tested, but only spirodiclofen was considerably effective against adult mites. Up to 24?h-old adult females were placed on leaf discs treated with sublethal concentrations (LC10 or LC25). Twenty-four hours after exposure to treated discs, 20 females showing no visible symptoms of poisoning were transferred to untreated leaf discs. The leaf discs were changed daily for up to five days. The number of eggs laid during this period was recorded. The survival rate, total number of laid eggs per female and egg hatching rate were calculated. All above-mentioned parameters were slightly lower in treated females compared with controls. 相似文献
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东莨菪内酯与双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨毒力的温度效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为明确植物性杀螨活性物质东莨菪内酯与双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus雌成螨毒力的温度效应, 采用玻片浸渍法测定了两者不同温度下的杀螨活性。结果表明: 在8~26℃的温度范围内, 东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的毒力呈正温度系数; 在26~34℃的温度范围内两者对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的毒力呈负温度系数。其中26℃下东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素表现出较好杀螨活性, 处理后48 h的致死中浓度(LC50)分别为0.1884和0.3376 mg/mL; 23℃下的毒力次之。致死中浓度(y)与温度(x)关系的拟合方程为: 东莨菪内酯: y1= 0.006x12-0.278x1+3.403; 双脱甲氧基姜黄素: y2=0.007x22-0.354x2+4.826。对y求最小值得出, 东莨菪内酯和双脱甲氧基姜黄素对朱砂叶螨雌成螨的最高毒力温度分别为23.2℃和25.3℃, LC50分别为0.1828和0.3504 mg/mL。据此认为, 在一定的温度范围内, 随着温度的升高, 这两种植物性杀螨活性物质对朱砂叶螨的毒力与温度先呈正相关, 到达最佳毒力温度后再呈负相关。 相似文献