Concurrent Demonstration of Desoxyribose nucleic Acid and 1,2-Glycols. 2. Periodate Oxidation

Formalin-fixed sections of rat intestine were treated in a solution of 0.5% periodic acid in 50% aqueous phosphoric acid for the concurrent demonstration of 1,2-glycols and DNA. The effects of varying the concentration of reagents, time of exposure and temperature on the results showed that, at 28°C, good reactions were obtained in 10-15 min when the concentration of the phosphoric was between 40 and 60% and that of the periodic acid between 0.05 and 0.50%.     

多肽核酸

通过计算机模型设计出一种以肽骨架取代ＤＮＡ中脱氧核糖磷酸酯骨架的ＤＮＡ类似物．实验已证明其与互补寡核苷酸的结合具有高度的特异性．综述了其合成、杂交性及在分子生物学等方面的应用．     

核酸纯化柱提取核酸定量检测丙型肝炎病毒RNA的临床应用

目的:探究核酸纯化柱提取核酸定量检测血浆标本中丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸(HCV-RNA)的临床应用效果。方法:将2013年8-11月期间我院600例抗-HCV阳性丙肝患者的样本,按随机字数表法分为研究组对照组各300例,分别采用核酸纯化柱和酚-氯仿提取法检测,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)技术定量检测两组HCV-RNA水平。结果:研究组检测阳性率为87.67%(263/300),显著高于和对照组的54.0%(162/300),差异有统计学意义(X2=82.296,P=0.000);两组HCV-RNA检测水平差异无统计学意义(u=1.721,P=0.067)。结论:核酸柱提法定量检测血浆HCV-RNA操作简单、快速,分离效率高,容易掌握,值得临床推广。     

Peptide-Templated Nucleic Acid Ligation

Abstract Short oligonucleotide and peptide replicators have been described. To determine whether cross-replication could have occurred between such systems, we have attempted to show that peptides can specifically template the ligation of nucleic acids. A complex between a 35-mer anti-Rev RNA aptamer and a 17-mer arginine-rich motif (ARM) peptide from the HIV-1 Rev protein served as a model system. Aptamer half-molecules were activated for ligation via two activation chemistries, representing two distinct kinetic possibilities for early replicators. Cyanogen bromide activation was transient relative to oligonucleotides that terminated with a 5′-iodine and a 3′phosphorothioate, respectively. The Rev ARM specifically enhanced the degree or rate of ligation by both methods: there was a 10-fold increase in the production of full-length aptamer in the presence of cyanogen bromide and a 5.9- to 7.6-fold enhancement in the rate of ligation for stably activated aptamer half-molecules. These results support the possibility that life could have originated with peptide replicators and transitioned to nucleic acid replicators or that peptide and nucleic acid replicators could have been interdependent.     

Fluorinated Peptide Nucleic Acid

Abstract

The fluorinated olefinic peptide nucleic acid analogue (F-OPA) monomer containing the base thymine was synthesised in 13 steps. PNAs containing this unit were prepared and their pairing properties assessed by means of UV-melting experiments.     

核酸检测技术进展及其在SARS-CoV-2核酸检测中的应用

2020年初至今,新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情仍在全球多个国家流行,给全球公共卫生安全造成了严重威胁.中国在应对COVID-19的实践中,最先完成病毒核酸测序并共享序列信息,最早有效控制疫情蔓延、恢复生产,并在病毒作用人体机制研究、疫苗研发、中和性抗体发现等环节均处于世界前沿.其中,针对病毒核酸的检测工作—...     

Liquid Phase Synthesis of Peptide Nucleic Acid (or Polyamide Nucleic Acid) Dimers

Abstract

The liquid phase synthesis of “polyamide nucleic acid” (PNA) dimers containing the purine nucleic acid bases adenine and guanine has been achieved in good yields. This strategy was elaborated in order to circumvent difficult direct coupling of protected PNA monomers. This method can be applied to the liquid phase synthesis of short protected polyPNAs fragments, which can then selectively be deprotected.     

Nucleobase Modified Peptide Nucleic Acid

Abstract

The Pd⁰/Cu^I catalyzed cross-coupling of terminal alkynes onto peptide nucleic acid monomers or submonomers bearing iodinated nucleobases has been utilized as a route to base-modified oligomers. Both 5-iodouracil and 5-iodocytosine derivatives undergo the cross-coupling to give the expected products in moderate to good yields. However, depending on the particular substrates and reaction conditions, the cross-coupling may be followed by a ring closing reaction to give the fluorescent furano- and pyrrolo-fused uracil and cytosine derivatives, respectively.     

简化核酸提取过程在病原体核酸检测中的应用现状和发展趋势

简化核酸提取过程相较于经典的试剂盒法和全自动核酸提取技术,凭借其简便的操作步骤、便携易用的仪器设备和简单的人员培训等优势在病原体核酸检测中得到广泛应用,为实现病原体核酸的快速检测和现场检测(Point-of-care testing,POCT)奠定了良好的基础。本文比较了不同的核酸提取方法,对简化核酸提取过程的方法学进行综述,讨论其在病原体核酸检测领域中的应用现状,并展望其发展趋势。     

玻璃粉吸附核酸及其在植物核酸提取中应用的研究

为研究玻璃粉在植物核酸提取中的应用,比较了玻璃粉颗粒大小、离液盐种类及浓度、pH等条件对玻璃粉吸附核酸的影响,得出玻璃粉吸附核酸的各种最佳条件。结果表明,普通玻璃粉吸附核酸能力强于硅胶和硅藻土,玻璃粉颗粒的直径以83 μm为佳,pH 4.0时吸附效果达到最大。提取DNA时,NaCl浓度应大于3 mol/L,而提取RNA时,异硫氰酸胍大于2 mol/L就能取得很好的效果,此外,在玻璃粉吸附RNA前,需要加入50%以上的无水乙醇才能更好地吸附。利用玻璃粉制作简易纯化柱,可用于植物组织核酸提取纯化,所提取的核酸纯度高、完整性好,可用于酶切、杂交和PCR等实验。与传统方法相比,采用玻璃粉简易离心柱提取植物核酸,效果好、环保、快速、经济。     

艾滋病毒核酸探针的制备

 采用PXY104(含化学合成的HIV-env26肽基因4重串联体结构)为材料。温和裂解法提取质粒DNA,制备电泳纯化,Hind Ⅲ和EcoR Ⅰ酶解,低融点琼脂糖凝胶电泳回收HIV-DNA片段作为核酸探针;用[α-~(32)P]dATP通过缺口移位法标记,比放射性为4.05—6.69×10~7cpm/μgDNA通过分子杂交能测出lPg的靶DNA,初步试验结果表明,在本文试验条件下,可用该探针检测与之互补的核酸分子。     

核酸体外扩增技术

核酸体外扩增是分子生物学研究的基础。随着生物技术的发展 ,出现了越来越多的核酸体外扩增技术。根据其特点可分为两类 :一类是靶核酸的直接扩增 ,如聚合酶链式反应、链替代扩增、连接酶链式反应、核酸依赖的扩增、Qβ复制、转录介导的扩增和滚环扩增等 ;另一类是信号放大扩增 ,如支链DNA、侵染探针等。就现有的核酸扩增技术的原理、特点及应用进行介绍。     

核酸提取方法进展

核酸提取是分子生物学的基本方法,也是核酸诊断中最关键的方法,它是下游诊断、分析和制备的前提。过去的核酸提取方法繁琐费时且有限。目前,核酸提取方法已经取得了较大进步。本文综述了核酸提取方法的进展情况,包括传统的基于溶液的抽提方法、现在常用的柱提取法、正兴起的多效生物分子抽提法和自动化抽提系统等。多效生物分子抽提法、自动抽提系统的微型化和完全自动化或者它们的组合是核酸提取技术未来发展的方向。     

核酸提取方法进展

核酸提取是分子生物学的基本方法,也是核酸诊断中最关键的方法,它是下游诊断、分析和制备的前提。过去的核酸提取方法繁琐费时且有限。目前,核酸提取方法已经取得了较大进步。本文综述了核酸提取方法的进展情况,包括传统的基于溶液的抽提方法、现在常用的柱提取法、正兴起的多效生物分子抽提法和自动化抽提系统等。多效生物分子抽提法、自动抽提系统的微型化和完全自动化或者它们的组合是核酸提取技术未来发展的方向。