共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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M. Teraishi Y. Okumoto H. Hirochika A. Horibata H. Yamagata T. Tanisaka 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》1999,261(3):487-494
The segregation pattern and chromosomal location of a slender glume mutation, induced by gamma-ray irradiation, was investigated. The mutation is genetically unstable: in the selfed progenies of slender glumed plants, not only plants with normal glumes but also plants that are chimeric for glume shape almost always appear at low frequency. The results showed that the mutation is controlled by a single recessive, mutable mutant gene slg. The frequency of reversion of slg to its wild-type state was little affected by crossing, backcrossing, genetic background or cytoplasmic factors. Conventional trisomic and linkage analyses revealed that the slg locus was located close to the rfs (rolled fine stripe leaf) locus on chromosome 7. In a subsequent RFLP analysis, slg was found to be located between the two RFLP loci XNpb20 and XNpb33, with recombination values of 3.0 and 3.2%, respectively. Southern analysis indicated that the mutability of slg is caused by none of the known transposable elements in rice. From these results, we infer that slg has a novel transposable DNA insert in its vicinity, which was possibly activated by gamma-ray irradiation. 相似文献
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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants of the indica cultivar IR54 were regenerated from protoplasts. Conditions were developed for isolating and purifying protoplasts from suspension cultures with protoplast yields ranging from 1·106 to 15·106 viable protoplasts/1 g fresh weight. Protoplast viability after purification was generally over 90%. Protoplasts were cultured in a slightly modified Kao medium in a Petri plate by placing them onto a Millipore filter positioned on top of a feeder (nurse) culture containing cells from a suspension culture of the japonica rice, Calrose 76. Plating efficiencies of protoplasts ranged from 0.5 to 3.0%; it was zero in the absence of the nurse culture. Protoplast preparations usually contained no contaminating cells, and when present, the number of cells never exceeded 0.1% of the protoplasts. After three weeks the Millipore filter with callus colonies were transferred off feeder cells and onto a Linsmaier and Skoog-type medium for an additional three weeks. Selected callus colonies that had embryo-like structures were then transferred to regeneration medium containing cytokinins, and regeneration frequencies up to 80% were obtained. Small shoots emerged and were transferred to jars for root development prior to transferring to pots of soil and growing the plants to maturity in growth chambers. Of the cytokinins evaluated, N6-benzylaminopurine was the most effective in promoting shoot formation; however, kinetin was also somewhat effective. Regeneration medium could be either an N6 or Murashige and Skoog basal medium. Of 76 plants grown to maturity, 62 were fertile, and the plant heights averaged about three-fourths the height of seed-grown plants.Two other suspension cultures of IR54, one developed from the protoplast callus of the initial IR54 line, and the other developed from callus produced by mature seeds, have yielded protoplasts capable of regenerating plants when using cells of the Calrose 76 suspension as a nurse culture. In addition, protoplasts obtained from three-week-old primary callus of immature embryos of IR54 were capable of regenerating plants when using the same culture conditions.Abbreviations 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- pcy
packed cell volume
- BAP
N6-benzylaminopurine
- FDA
fluorescein diacetate
- FW
fresh weight
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
Media AA
Muller and Grafe (1978)
- CPW
Frearson et al. (1973)
- Kao*
Kao (1977)
- LS
Linsmaier and Skoog (1965)
- MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
- N6
Chu et al. (1975)
- PCM
Ludwig et al. (1985) 相似文献
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Fujino K Sekiguchi H 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,111(2):393-398
Two genes related to extremely early heading were identified in populations derived from crosses between Hoshinoyume, a variety adapted to the northernmost limit of rice cultivation (Hokkaido), and Nipponbare, a variety adapted to the temperate region of Japan. The segregations for heading date clearly revealed that a two-gene model determined the extremely early heading in the F2 and BC1F1 populations under natural field conditions in Hokkaido. Using molecular markers corresponding to ten known quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heading date, we carried out QTL analysis in the BC1F1 population and detected two QTLs, qDTH-7-1 and qDTH-7-2, both on chromosome 7, and observed epistatic interaction between them. We conclude that the recessive alleles of these two genes contribute to extremely early heading for the adaptation to Hokkaido environment and to stable rice production in Hokkaido. The relationships between the two QTLs identified in this study and known QTLs are discussed. 相似文献
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V. T. Nguyen M. D. Burow H. T. Nguyen B. T. Le T. D. Le A. H. Paterson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,102(6-7):1002-1010
Crop productivity on acid soil is restricted by multiple abiotic stress factors. Aluminum (Al) tolerance seems to be a key
to productivity on soil with a pH below 5.0, but other factors such as Mn toxicity and the deficiency of P, Ca and Mg also
play a role. The development of Al-tolerant genotypes of rice is an urgent necessity for improving crop productivity in developing
countries. Inhibition of root growth is a primary and early symptom of Al toxicity. The present study was conducted to identify
genetic factors controlling the aluminum tolerance of rice. Several parameters related to Al tolerance, most importantly the
relative root growth under Al stress versus non-stress conditions, were scored in 188 F3 selfed families from a cross between an Al-tolerant Vietnamese local variety, Chiembau, and an Al-susceptible improved variety,
Omon269–65. The two varieties are both Oryza sativa ssp. indica, but showed a relatively high level of DNA polymorphism, permitting the assembly of an RFLP map consisting of
164 loci spanning 1,715.8 cM, and covering most of the rice genome. A total of nine different genomic regions on eight chromosomes
have been implicated in the genetic control of root and shoot growth under aluminum stress. By far the greatest effects on
aluminum tolerance were associated with the region near WG110 on chromosome 1. This region does not seem to correspond to
most of the genes that have been mapped for aluminum tolerance in other species, nor do they correspond closely to one another.
Most results, both from physiological studies and from molecular mapping studies, tend to suggest that aluminum tolerance
is a complex multi-genic trait. The identification of DNA markers (such as WG110) that are diagnostic for aluminum tolerance
in particular gene pools provides an important starting point for transferring and pyramiding genes that may contribute to
the sustainable improvement of crop productivity in aluminum-rich soils. The isolation of genes responsible for aluminum tolerance
is likely to be necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of this complex trait.
Received: 29 March 2000 / Accepted: 16 August 2000 相似文献
7.
Two kinds of signal factors capable of inducing Agrobaorerium vir gene expression were purified and identified from leaf extracts of panicle-differentiating to flowering stage of rice (Oryza saliva L. cv. IR 72) detected by Agrobacterium vir(?) lacZ. fusion genes. The induction was similar to that observed with 5 μm actosyringone (AS). Based on the comprehensive analysis of the data by UV, IR, NMR, MS, HMQC and HMBC, the structures of these two signal factors are identified as 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxy-3', 5'-dimethoxy-flavone (named tricin) and 5, 4' -dihydroxy-3', 5' -dimethoxy-7- (β-D-glucosyloxy) -flavone, respectively. These results demonstrate that monocotyledonous plants do contain highly efficient vir gene inducing factors of Agrobacterium, and the reason why monocotyledonous plants are difficult to transform by Ayrobacterium is not due to absence of vir gene inducing factors, but due to the signal factors only produced in specific stage and tissue of monocotyledonous plants 相似文献
8.
Identification, cDNA cloning, and gene expression of soluble starch synthase in rice (Oryza sativa L.) immature seeds. 总被引:16,自引:4,他引:12
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T Baba M Nishihara K Mizuno T Kawasaki H Shimada E Kobayashi S Ohnishi K Tanaka Y Arai 《Plant physiology》1993,103(2):565-573
Three forms of soluble starch synthase were resolved by anion-exchange chromatography of soluble extracts from immature rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds, and each of these forms was further purified by affinity chromatograph. The 55-, 57-, and 57-kD proteins in the three preparations were identified as candidates for soluble starch synthase by western blot analysis using an antiserum against rice granule-bound starch synthase. It is interesting that the amino-terminal amino acid sequence was identical among the three proteins, except that the 55-kD protein lacked eight amino acids at the amino terminus. Thus, these three proteins are products of the same gene. The cDNA clones coding for this protein have been isolated from an immature rice seed library in lambda gt11 using synthetic oligonucleotides as probes. The deduced amino acid sequence of this protein contains a lysine-X-glycine-glycine consensus sequence for the ADP-glucose-binding site of starch and glycogen synthases. Therefore, we conclude that this protein corresponds to a form of soluble starch synthase in immature rice seeds. The precursor of the enzyme contains 626 amino acids, including a 113-residue transit peptide at the amino terminus. The mature form of soluble starch synthase shares a significant but low sequence identity with rice granule-bound starch synthase and Escherichia coli glycogen synthase. However, several regions, including the substrate-binding site, are highly conserved among these three enzymes. Blot hybridization analysis demonstrates that the gene encoding soluble starch synthase is a single-copy gene in the rice genome and is expressed in both leaves and immature seeds. These results suggest that soluble and granule-bound starch synthases play distinct roles in starch biosynthesis of plant. 相似文献
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J. S. Bao Y. W. Xia 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(6-7):1120-1124
Paste viscosity parameters play an important role in estimating the eating, cooking and processing quality of rice. Four
cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) lines and eight restorer (R) lines were employed in an incomplete diallel cross to analyze
seed effects, cytoplasmic effects and maternal gene effects on the viscosity profiles of indica rice. The results indicated that the viscosity profiles of rice were controlled by the direct effects of the seed, by the
cytoplasm and by maternal plant. The seed-direct effects (V
A
+V
D
) accounted for over 51% of the total genetic variances (V
A
+V
D
+V
C
+V
Am
+V
Dm
) for all the traits, suggesting that seed direct effects were more important than maternal effects and cytoplasmic effects.
The additive variances (V
A
+V
Am
) were much larger than the dominance variances (V
D
+V
Dm
), which revealed that additive genetic effects were the major contributors of genetic variation for the paste viscosity profiles,
and that selection could be applied for viscosity traits in the early generations. Significant cytoplasmic variance (V
C
) was detected for hot paste viscosity (HPV), cool paste viscosity (CPV) and consistency viscosity (CSV). The cytoplasmic
effects for these three traits can, therefore, not be neglected in rice breeding. It was also shown that seed heritabilities
(h
2
o
) tended to be larger than maternal heritabilities (h
2
m
) and cytoplasmic heritabilities (h
2
c
). Prediction of the main genetic effects for 12 parents showed that CMS lines had highly positive effects on all the traits
except for the breakdown viscosity (BDV), and that R lines had both positive and negative effects on the paste viscosity characteristics.
Received: 3 August 1998 / Accepted: 28 November 1998 相似文献
11.
The availability of the draft genome sequence of Oryza sativa L ssp. indica has made it possible to study the rice tRNA genes. A total of 596 tRNA genes, including 3 selenocysteine tRNA genes and one suppressor tRNA gene are identified in 127551 rice contigs. There are 45 species of tRNA genes and the revised wobble hypothesis proposed by Guthrie and Abelson is perfectly obeyed. The relationship between codon usage and the number of corresponding tRNA genes is discussed. Redundancy may exist in the present list of tRNA genes and novel ones may be found in the future. A set of 33 tRNA genes is discovered in the complete chloroplast genome of Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica. These tRNA genes are identical to those in ssp. japonica identified by us independently from the origional annotation. 相似文献
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Manju Shri Arti Rai Pankaj Kumar Verma Prashant Misra Sonali Dubey Smita Kumar Sikha Verma Neelam Gautam Rudra Deo Tripathi Prabodh Kumar Trivedi Debasis Chakrabarty 《Protoplasma》2013,250(2):631-636
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of indica rice varieties has been quite difficult as these are recalcitrant to in vitro responses. In the present study, we established a high-efficiency Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system of rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) cv. IR-64, Lalat, and IET-4786. Agrobacterium strain EHA-101 harboring binary vector pIG121-Hm, containing a gene encoding for β-glucuronidase (GUS) and hygromycin resistance, was used in the transformation experiments. Manipulation of different concentrations of acetosyringone, days of co-culture period, bacterial suspension of different optical densities (ODs), and the concentrations of l-cysteine in liquid followed by solid co-culture medium was done for establishing the protocol. Among the different co-culture periods, 5 days of co-culture with bacterial cells (OD600 nm?=?0.5–0.8) promoted the highest frequency of transformation (83.04 %) in medium containing l-cysteine (400 mg l?1). Putative transformed plants were analyzed for the presence of a transgene through genomic PCR and GUS histochemical analyses. Our results also suggest that different cultural conditions and the addition of l-cysteine in the co-culture medium improve the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation frequencies from an average of 12.82 % to 33.33 % in different indica rice cultivars. 相似文献
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Suriyan Cha-um Thapanee Samphumphuang Chalermpol Kirdmanee 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2012,48(2):259-264
Nodal explants of rice cultivar Pathumthani 1 (PT1; short-day photoperiod insensitive) were collected, surface-disinfected,
and cultured on modified MS medium under in vitro conditions for 90 d. A total of 60% nodal explants generated flowering plantlets (with one inflorescence per cluster). The
net photosynthetic rate was greater, and soluble sugars (including glucose, fructose, and sucrose) accumulated to higher levels
in the leaves of flowering as compared to non-flowering plants. In contrast, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll,
and total carotenoid content were enriched to a greater degree in the leaves of non-flowering as compared to flowering plants.
Also, growth performance parameters, including plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry
weight of plantlets derived from seedlings were superior to those of plantlets derived from nodal explants. In addition, the
protocol proved to successfully induce flowering in KDML 105, a short-day photoperiod-sensitive rice cultivar. 相似文献
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Ashok Kumar Sahrawat Suresh Chand 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(1):55-61
Summary An efficient method was established for high-frequency embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration from 3-,4-, 5-
and 7-d-old coleoptile segments of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Kasturi), Compact and friable callus developed from the cut ends and also on the entire length of the coleoptile segments
cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium (1962) supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 4.50–18.0
μM), kinetin (2.32 μM) and sucrose (3%, w/v). High frequency embryogenic callus induction and somatic embryo development was achieved when embryogenic
calluses were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 2.25 μM 2,4-D, 2.32 μM kinetin, 490 μM
L-tryptophan and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Plant regeneration was achieved by transferring clumps of embryogenic callus onto MS medium
containing 2.85 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 17.77 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Histological observations of embryogenic calluses revealed the presence of
somatic embryos and also plant regeneration via multiple shoot bud formation. Three, 4- and 5-d-old coleoptile segments showed
a significantly (P<0.05) higher frequency of plant regeneration and mean number of plantlets per explant in comparison to 7-d-old coleoptile
segments. The highest frequency (73.5%) of plant regeneration and mean number of plantlets (11.9±1.0) was obtained from 4-d-old
coleoptile segments. Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS basal medium containing 4.92 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and plants were successfully transferred to soil and grown to maturity. 相似文献
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Myint KM Arikit S Wanchana S Yoshihashi T Choowongkomon K Vanavichit A 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2012,125(5):887-896
Aromatic rice is an important commodity for international trade, which has encouraged the interest of rice breeders to identify the genetic control of rice aroma. The recessive Os2AP gene, which is located on chromosome 8, has been reported to be associated with rice aroma. The 8-bp deletion in exon 7 is an aromatic allele that is present in most aromatic accessions, including the most popular aromatic rice varieties, Jasmine and Basmati. However, other mutations associated with aroma have been detected, but the other mutations are less frequent. In this study, we report an aromatic allele, a 3-bp insertion in exon 13 of Os2AP, as a major allele found in aromatic rice varieties from Myanmar. The insertion is in frame and causes an additional tyrosine (Y) in the amino acid sequence. However, the mutation does not affect the expression of the Os2AP gene. A functional marker for detecting this allele was developed and tested in an aroma-segregating F(2) population. The aroma phenotypes and genotypes showed perfect co-segregation of this population. The marker was also used for screening a collection of aromatic rice varieties collected from different geographical sites of Myanmar. Twice as many aromatic Myanmar rice varieties containing the 3-bp insertion allele were found as the varieties containing the 8-bp deletion allele, which suggested that the 3-bp insertion allele originated in regions of Myanmar. 相似文献
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Frengky H.H. Prasetyo Bambang Sugiharto Netty Ermawati 《Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology》2018,16(2):573-579
The development process of seed in plants is a cycle of cells which occur gradually and regularly. One of the genes involved in controling this stage is the Wee1 gene. Wee1 encode protein kinase which plays an important role in phosphorylation, inactivation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)-cyclin (CYC) and inhibiting cell division at mitotic phase. The Overexpression of Wee1 leads to delaying entry into mitotic phase, resulting in enlargement of cell size due to suppression of cell division. Accordingly, the cloning and overexpressing of Wee1 in rice plant is important aim of this research in achieving better quantity and quality of future rice. The main objective of this present study is to cloning and generate transgenic rice plants overexpressing of Wee1 gene. Wee1 was isolated from cDNA of indica rice (Oryza sativa), called OsWee1. The full length of OsWee1 was 1239?bp in size and successfully inserted into plant expression vector pRI101ON. Seven-day-old rice seedlings were prepared for transformation of OsWee1 gene using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. Four positive transgenic lines were identified through the presence of kanamycin resistance gene (nptII) using genomic PCR analysis. Southern blot analysis result provides evidence that four independent rice transformants contained one to three rearranged transgene copies. Further screening in transgenic rice generation is needed in order to obtain stable expression of OsWee1. 相似文献
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Semi-dwarfism is an important agronomic trait in rice breeding programmes. sd-1, termed the 'Green Revolution gene', confers semi-dwarf stature, increases harvest index, improves lodging resistance, and is associated with increased responsiveness to nitrogen fertilizer. It has contributed substantially to the significant increase in rice production. In this paper, a novel semi-dwarf mutant in rice is reported. Genetic analysis revealed that only a single dominant gene locus non-allelic to sd-1, temporarily designated Sdt97, is involved in the control of semi-dwarfism of the mutant. The semi-dwarfism of the mutant could be partly restored to the tall wild-type by application of exogenous GA3, suggesting that the mutant gene Sdt97 may be involved in the gibberellin (GA) synthesis pathway and not the GA response pathway in rice. A residual heterozygous line (RHL) population derived from a recombinant inbred line (RIL) was developed. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) and bulked segregation analysis (BSA) combined with recessive class analysis (RCA) techniques were used to map Sdt97 to the long arm of chromosome 6 at the interval between two STS markers, N6 and TX5, with a genetic distance of 0.2 cM and 0.8 cM, respectively. A contig map was constructed based on the reference sequence aligned by the Sdt97 linked markers. The physical map of the Sdt97 locus was defined to a 118 kb interval, and 19 candidate genes were detected in the target region. This is the first time that a dominant semi-dwarf gene has been reported in rice. Cloning and functional analysis of gene Sdt97 will help us to learn more about molecular mechanism of rice semi-dwarfism. 相似文献
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