Differences in flavonoid constituents among the species ofFagonia sinaica complex (Zygophyllaceae)

Eight flavonol glycosides were detected in the three species of theFagonia sinaica complex. They were fully characterized as the 3-glucosides of kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin, 3-rutinoside of quercetin and 3,7-diglucoside of quercetin and isorhamnetin. Two additional glycosides were partially characterized as a kaempferol 3,7-diglycoside and quercetin 3-diglycoside.     

Two new unifoliolate species of Fagonia (Zygophyllaceae) from the Horn of Africa region, and the resurrection of F. subinermis from Iran

The new species Fagonia mahrana , from eastern Yemen and adjacent parts of Oman, and F gypsophila , from north-eastern Somalia, are described and illustrated. F subinermis , from Iran, is resurrected as a species. The three species all have unifoliolate leaves and minute stipules.     

Chromosome numbers for native North American unifoliolate species of Crotalaria (Leguminosae)

Chromosome counts are reported for nine taxa of the genusCrotalaria. Previous reports ofn = 16 are confirmed forC. sagittalis L. andC. stipularia Desv. First counts ofn = 16 are reported forC. bupleurifolia var.bupleurifolia, C. nayaritensis, C. polyphylla,C. purshii, C. quercetorum, C. rotundifolia var.rotundifolia, andC. rotundifolia var.vulgaris.     

Revision of Mediorhynchus van cleave 1916 (acanthocephala) with a key to species

Species characters in Mediorhynchus are discussed, and a consistent method of describing hook arrangement, longitudinal rows, is proposed. Mediorhynchus papillosus Van Cleave 1916, and M. orientalis Belopol'skaya 1953 are redescribed, and M. edmondsi sp. n. is described from Palawan. The new species is most similar to M. rodensis Cosin 1971 in armature, but differs from it in proboscis shape and overall size. Among other new records are M. gallinarum (Bhalerao, 1937) in chickens in Palawan, and M. turnixena (Tubangui, 1933) from a button quail in Palawan. Several synonymies are pointed out and several unidentifiable species are mentioned. A key to 29 species recognized as valid is provided.     

披碱草属(Elymus L.)两个物种之订正

披碱草属Elymus L．是小麦族Triticeae Dumort．中最大的属,全世界共有150多个种,广泛分布于 温带地区。我国约有80余种(包括鹅观草属Roegneria C．Koch),是披碱草属的重要分布区和多样性分 化中心。由于披碱草属植物种类繁多、分布广泛、生境多样以及形态变异较为复杂,导致该属在分类上 存在许多问题。同时,由于地域的局限和地区间交流的缺乏,致使同一种披碱草属植物被不同的学者多 次发表及同物异名现象的出现。本文对E．antiquus和E．burchan-buddae这两个曾多次被订名的披碱草 属物种进行了分类订正。     

A striking new unifoliolate and polycarpellate species of Senna (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) from Andhra Pradesh,India

Senna andhrica P.V. Ramana, J. Swamy and M. Ahmedullah, a new species from Andhra Pradesh, India, is described. The species is remarkable in having unifoliolate, oblong or ovate leaves, 2–3 carpellate gynoecium and reniform seeds. It is the second described species with unifoliolate leaves in the Cassiinae. In most other morphological characters, it is closely allied to Senna occidentalis (L.) Link.     

Revision of the neotropical species of Triplophyllum (Tectariaceae)

This paper re-examines the species of Triplophyllum in the neotropics. The indument of the laminae (hairs and glands) provides many characteristics for distinguishing the species. Nine species are recognized, including three new ones: T. boliviense, T. chocoense, and T. glabrum. New combinations are made for T. hirsutum and T. perpilosum . A key is provided to distinguish the species, and all species are described and illustrated. The spores of the neotropical species are like those from African and Madagascan species. As such, they offer no evidence to determine whether the neotropical species form a monophyletic clade within the genus.     

Revision of the genusAcanthaphritis (Percophidae) with the description of a new species

The percophid genusAcanthaphritis is reviewed.Spinapsaron andBranchiopsaron are synonymized withAcanthaphritis. The genus is characterized by a barbel on the snout tip in males, a single maxillary spine, cheek scales, ctenoid lateral line scales, prevomerine teeth present, palatine teeth absent, posterodorsal edge of opercular membrane ragged, five dorsal spines and seven branchiostegal rays. Four species (one new) are recognised in the genus:A. grandisquamis, A. barbata, A. ozawai andA. unoorum n. sp. A lectotype is designated forA. grandisquamis. The new species,A. unoorum, is characterized by having 23–25 dorsal fin rays, 28–30 anal fin rays, 37–39 lateral line scales, 37–39 vertebrae, one or two brown spots on the opercle, two longitudinal rows of yellow marks on the body when fresh, two longitudinal dark lines and a longitudinal row of dark marks on the body in males, and a single longitudinal dark line and longitudinal row of dark marks on the body in females.     

Revision of fossil species of Dryinus belonging to lamellatus group, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae)

Dryinus rasnitsynisp. n. is described from amber collected in the Dominican Republic. A revision and a key to the fossil Neotropical species of Dryinus Latreille, 1804 belonging to the lamellatus species group is presented.     

Revision of fossil species of Deinodryinus, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae)

Deinodryinus veltenisp. n. is described from middle Eocene Baltic amber. The species differs from other fossil Palaearctic species of Deinodryinus Perkins owing to the shape of the antenna (clavate, with distal part very thickened), the large compound eyes, and the distal part of the stigmal vein much longer than the proximal part. A revision and a key to the fossil Palaearctic species of Deinodryinus Perkins, 1907 is presented.     

The flavonoids of theFagonia bruguieri complex (Zygophyllaceae)

Seven flavonol glycosides were identified from the main taxa of theF. bruguieri complex. Of these, kaempferol 3-rhamno-galactoside, Quercetin 3-rhamnogalactoside and Quercetin 3-galactoside are new records for the genusFagonia L. and theZygophyllaceae s. str. The distribution of these flavonoid glycosides is discussed with respect to the morphology, chemosystematics, and possible phylogeny of the complex and the genus.Dedicated to Hofrat Univ.-Prof. DrKarl Heinz Rechinger on the occasion of his 80th birthday.     

Revision of Paranastatus Masi (Eupelmidae,Eupelminae) with descriptions of four new species

Paranastatus Masi, 1917 (Eupelmidae, Eupelminae) was originally described based on two species from Seychelles: Paranastatus egregius and Paranastatus violaceus. Eady (1956) subsequently described Paranastatus nigriscutellatus and Paranastatus verticalis from Fiji. Here, four new species of Paranastatus are described: Paranastatus bellus Scallion, sp. n. and Paranastatus pilosus Scallion, sp. n. from Indonesia, and Paranastatus halko Scallion, sp. n. and Paranastatus parkeri Scallion, sp. n. from Fiji. A key to all Paranastatus species based on females is included and lectotypes are designated for Paranastatus egregius and Paranastatus violaceus. Finally, previously unobserved colour variation from newly collected material of Paranastatus verticalis, distribution patterns of species, and possibilities for future research are discussed.     

Revision of the Chinese Cleptes (Hymenoptera,Chrysididae) with description of new species

The genus Cleptes Latreille, 1802 from China is revised and illustrated for the first time. Seventeen species of Cleptes are recorded. Nine species are new to science, Cleptes albonotatus sp. n., Cleptes eburnecoxis sp. n., Cleptes flavolineatus sp. n., Cleptes helanshanus sp. n., Cleptes niger sp. n., Cleptes shengi sp. n., Cleptes sinensis sp. n., Cleptes tibetensis sp. n., and Cleptes villosus sp. n.,and two species are reported as new to China, Cleptes metallicorpus Ha, Lee & Kim, 2011, and Cleptes seoulensis Tsuneki, 1959.     

Revision of the class Sorberacea (benthic tunicates) with descriptions of seven new species

The benthic deep-sea class Sorberacea (Tunicata) is revised. All known species are redescribed and figured and seven new species are added. Diagnoses of the genera Sorbera, Gasterascidia, Oligotrema and Hexadactylus are given. The new generic name Hexadactylus replaces Hexacrobylm and a tabular key to the 12 species is provided. Hypotheses about the evolutionary processes in the Sorberacea are proposed and a comparison with Ascidiacea is given. The geographical distribution of sorberacean species and biogeographical affinities are discussed. The bathymetric distribution is particularly large since this class is characteristic of deep-sea bottoms.     

四合木属四合木(蒺藜科)的木材解剖学研究

在光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜下观察了蒺藜科四合木属四合木(Tetraena mongolica Maim.)木材结构.其导管分子直径小,管壁厚,分布密度高,分子短,端壁几乎水平,具单穿孔;管间纹孔为对列或互列的具缘纹孔;韧性纤维短、壁厚、壁上有较少的单纹孔;同型单列射线、分布密度高;轴向薄壁组织散生或傍导管生.这些表明四合木的木材解剖特征是与干旱环境条件是相适应的.     

A revision of the desert shrub Fagonia (Zygophyllaceae)

The taxonomy of the desert shrub genus Fagonia is revised in detail. In total 167 names are accounted for, lectotypes are selected for 33 names, and two names are neotypified. A key to the 34 species is presented, as well as distribution maps for each species. Three new species are described and illustrated, F. densispina and F. latistipulata from Somalia, and F. hadramautica from Yemen. Of the accepted species, 24 are restricted to the Old World and eight to the New World. Most of the Old World species are confined to the Saharo‐Sindian region, with two extending to parts of Macaronesia. Eight species are endemic to the Somali‐Masai region, and two are restricted to southern Africa. In the New World four species are endemic to Baja California, two to northern Baja California and adjacent parts of southwestern USA, one to the province of Coahuila in northeastern Mexico, and one to Chile and Peru. The names of all four species of Fagonia currently on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants are put into synonymy.     

The flavonoids in leaves of diploidTriticum species (Gramineae)

Leaf flavonoids have been identified in seven species ofTriticum, all of which have been considered at one time as putative parents of the cultivated tetraploid and hexaploid wheats. The major constituents are apigenin- and luteolin-based glycosylflavones, some of which contain various O-glycosidic attachments at the 6-position. Four tricin glycosides are present in minor amount, as is free tricin. The flavonoid patterns link togetherT. searsii, T. speltoides andT. squarrosa, on the one hand, andT. monococcum, T. boeoticum, T. thaoudar andT. urartu, on the other. These results indicate that the first three taxa are more likely to be diploid ancestors to the hexaploidT. aestivum than the latter four species.