日本七鳃鳗(Lampetra japonica)口腔腺表达序列标签(EST)分析

以日本七鳃鳗口腔腺为材料,构建库容量为2.1×106pfu/mL的cDNA文库。通过对文库中克隆子的序列测定和生物信息学初步分析,得到1323条有效EST序列。经BlastX及BlastN软件进行同源对比分析,653条(49.36%)EST可在蛋白质或核苷酸水平上找到同源序列,其中328条与七鳃鳗科物种同源。同源序列功能分类大致分为11类,与蛋白质合成有关的蛋白所占比例最大。1323条EST进行片段重叠群分析(contig analysis)获得包括547条序列在内的162组片段重叠群并确定了8条全长cDNA。日本七鳃鳗口腔腺cDNA文库以及EST文库的成功构建,为研究日本七鳃鳗口腔腺的功能基因和蛋白质组学奠定了基础。     

Cytogenetic mapping of 25 goat mammary gland Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs)

Today, there is a shift towards a positional candidate approach in the molecular identification of genes. This study reports on an Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) mapping initiative in goats, based on sequence information gathered from a previous mammary gland cDNA systematic sequencing project. A total of 25 novel genes was localised cytogenetically on 16 goat chromosomes. Six of these ESTs were found to map to cattle milk QTL regions. These results made it possible to assess the use of ESTs as a shortcut to the molecular identification of some QTLs and as a valuable tool for comparative mapping.     

猪脂肪组织表达序列标签(ESTs)大规模测序及分析

利用大规模DNA序列测定的方法,对猪脂肪组织进行了表达序列标签(Expressed Sequence Tag,EST)序列测定,获得高质量EST共7790个,并对此进行了初步分析。使用STACK-PACK软件进行聚类分析,得到4354个基因聚类,包括3609个单拷贝基因和745个多拷贝基因;将候选基因序列用BlastN与nr库进行比较(e=1e-10),从4354个候选基因中得到2712个已知基因,其中单基因为1987个,多拷贝基因为725(3694克隆)个;未知功能基因和新EST有2109个克隆。根据BlastN结果,利用基因组文库添加序号(GenBank Accession No．)为索引,构建了猪脂肪组织已知功能基因表达谱。从基因表达谱可以看出,在猪脂肪组织中参与代谢的基因所占比例最高,在某些方面也显示了脂肪组织旺盛的代谢活性。同时发现在猪脂肪组织中主组织相容性抗原(Major Histocompatibility Complex,MHC)或与MHC相关的基因表达丰度很高。其中单拷贝基因181个,多拷贝基因44个,共计257个克隆,占细胞机体防御(cell and organism defense)总数的44．9％。占总已知基因数的5.4％。提取出全部与MHC相关的EST序列(257个克隆),发现所有EST的部分序列(长约200个碱基),几乎分布在每一个已知猪BAC的所有编码序列上。据此推测,构成MHC的这些EST序列中,有一段长约200个碱基(200bp)的碱基序列高度保守,MHC基因中每一段编码序列都包含有这一段序列。这些MHC序列虽然在不同的BAC上其蛋白的域不同,但均为高度保守区域,并且都与免疫功能密切相关。猪脂肪中如此大量表达的MHC部分保守序列,由于与免疫功能高度相关,在MHC基因的传递过程中,可以反复复制,并能够稳定遗传。     

绍鸭卵巢卵泡发育相关新EST的分离与表达

采用银染mRNA差异显示方法从绍鸭卵巢等级卵泡中分离并筛选到 3个差异表达序列标签 (ExpressedSequenceTags ,ESTs)SXDF0 2 0 1(2 71bp)、SXDF0 2 0 2 (2 0 0bp)和SXDF0 2 0 3(173bp) ,通过测序和BLAST检索 ,发现SXDF0 2 0 1与GenBank中登录的所有物种的所有序列均无同源性 ,是在绍鸭卵巢卵泡发现的新EST ,现已登录GenBank(GenBank登录号 :CB0 72 6 2 9) ,而SXDF0 2 0 2和SXDF0 2 0 3则分别与GenBank公布的鸡的EST和肌胃肌球蛋白重链高度同源。用 5′ RACE将SXDF0 2 0 1延伸至 5 4 4bp ,经过BLAST再次检索 ,仍然未发现中度同源序列采用相对定量RT PCR方法进一步研究SXDF0 2 0 1和SXDF0 2 0 2在绍鸭组织中的时空特异性表达 ,发现这两个EST在产蛋高峰期绍兴鸭的下丘脑、垂体、肌肉、肝脏、脂肪等组织都有表达 ;SXDF0 2 0 1在 30日龄卵巢的表达水平显著高于 6 0 (P <0 0 5 )和 90 (P =0 0 15 )日龄 ;而SXDF0 2 0 2在卵巢发育的不同阶段的表达水平没有变化 ;SXDF0 2 0 1在卵巢卵泡颗粒层中的表达总体高于膜层 ,SXDF0 2 0 2在颗粒层中的表达F3 >F5>Fw(P <0 0 1) ,而在F1卵泡降至最低 (P <0 0 1) ,膜层中以Fw 卵泡表达水平最高 (P <0 0 1)。     

Construction of a Full-Length cDNA Library and Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags from Inflorescence of Apomictic Sabaigrass (Eulaliopsis binata)

Eulaliopsis binata, which is a close relative of cereal crops, was recognized as an important research material owing to its high frequency of apospory and autonomous endosperm formation. However, little information is known about its genomics and regulatory pathway participating in reproductive development. For the first step to understand molecular basis in sabaigrass (E. binata), a SMART complementary DNA library from the inflorescence tissue was constructed and characterized. The titers of original and amplified libraries were 5.53 × 10⁶ and 1.49 × 10¹⁰ pfu/ml, respectively. The percentage of recombinants was 96% in the original library. Analysis of sequencing results of 398 out of 437 randomly picked clones showed that 271 (68.1%) expressed sequence tags (ESTs) exhibited significant similarity with known putative functional nucleotide sequences in the GenBank databases, 25 (6.3%) ESTs have significant matches with hypothetical proteins, putative proteins, and unknown proteins, and the other 25.6% ESTs had no significant similarity to sequences in the public databases. Based on molecular function of GO annotation, the four most abundant terms are nucleotide binding, hydrolase activity, ion binding, and protein binding, and these genes were involved in 61 different pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. Besides, simple sequence repeats detection in 398 ESTs was carried out, and several genes were chosen to perform expression analysis. This report represents a first step in expanding molecular-genetic analyses in E. binata and can be used to optimally mine useful information from a relatively small data set.     

Evaluation of cDNA Libraries from Different Developmental Stages of Schistosoma mansoni for Production of Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs)

A comparative study of the gene expression profile in differentdevelopmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni has been initiatedbased on the expressed sequence tag(EST) approach. A total of1401 ESTs were generated from seven different cDNA librariesconstructed from four distinct stages of the parasite life cycle.The libraries were first evaluated for their quality for a large-scalecDNA sequencing program. Most of them were shown to have lessthan 20% useless clones and more than 50% new genes. The redundancyof each library was also analyzed, showing that one adult wormcDNA library was composed of a small number of highly frequentgenes. When comparing ESTs from distinct libraries, we coulddetect that most genes were present only in a single library,but others were expressed in more than one developmental stageand may represent housekeeping genes in the parasite. When consideringonly once the genes present in more than one library, a totalof 466 unique genes were obtained, corresponding to 427 newS. mansoni genes. From the total of unique genes, 20.2% wereidentified based on homology with genes from other organisms,8.3% matched S. mansoni characterized genes and 71.5% representunknown genes.     

高山植物黄管秦艽cDNA文库构建与表达序列标签（EST）分析

黄管秦艽（Gentiana officinalis）是一种重要的藏药高山植物,本研究构建了该物种开花期的eDNA文库。经检测达到中等cDNA文库水平,文库滴度为1．2×10^7pfu／ml,重组率95．9％,插入片段平均长度大于500bp。对343个随机挑选的重组克隆进行部分测序,获得的ESTs经编辑后共有181条有效序列。经生物信息学方法分析181条表达序列标签（EST）代表144个单克隆序列,其中55个与已鉴定的基因同源,35个序列与未鉴定的EST匹配,54个未找到同源序列;后两者共有89个EST序列未发现功能相似的蛋白。对已鉴定的EST进行功能分析发现,相关基因主要编码以下蛋白：与蛋白表达相关的占35％;光合作用相关的占笠％;新陈代谢相关的占18％;抗性相关的占11％;质膜运输和细胞分裂相关的分别占5％;染色体变化和细胞信号转导的分别占2％。根据有效EST序列设计引物,通过RT-PCR进一验证了所得EST的准确性。这些研究结果为将来研究黄管秦艽的功能基因以及该物种与相关物种的群体遗传学、进化生物学等方面提供了基础。     

鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)表达序列标签资源的SSR构成与分布分析

分析鲫鱼EST资源的SSR信息,为开发EST-SSR标记奠定基础.从GenBank中获得鲫鱼EST序列,然后用Sequencher 4.8软件进行序列拼接得到Uni-EST序列,再通过SciRoKo 3.4软件扫描Uni-EST序列中的SSR,最后得出EST-SSR的分布特征、频率和重复基元类型等特征.通过搜索共获得9 230条鲫鱼EST原始序列,通过使用计算机软件进行预处理共得到全长为3.81×106 bp的无冗余Uni-EST 7 092条.在这些序列中共搜索出597个SSR位点,分布在545条Uni-EST序列中,发生频率为8.13％,EST-SSR的平均长度为(19.34±6.23) bp,平均每Mb含156.55个SSR位点.单核苷酸重复在鲫鱼EST-SSR中占主导地位,发生频率为39.53％,其次为二核苷酸重复,发生频率为36.68％以及三核苷酸重复的15.41％.在所有非单核苷酸重复基元中,AC基元出现频率最高,其次为AG.设计出引物404对.最后得出结论鲫鱼EST中SSR出现的频率较高,并且类型较为丰富,为进行遗传多样性分析和重要经济性状筛选等方面的研究提供了基础和指导.     

高山植物黄管秦艽cDNA 文库构建与表达序列标签(EST) 分析

黄管秦艽( Gentiana officinalis) 是一种重要的藏药高山植物, 本研究构建了该物种开花期的cDNA 文库。经检测达到中等cDNA 文库水平, 文库滴度为1 . 2×107 pfu&#1089839;ml , 重组率95.9% , 插入片段平均长度大于500 bp。对343 个随机挑选的重组克隆进行部分测序, 获得的ESTs 经编辑后共有181 条有效序列。经生物信息学方法分析181 条表达序列标签(EST) 代表144 个单克隆序列, 其中55 个与已鉴定的基因同源, 35 个序列与未鉴定的EST 匹配, 54 个未找到同源序列; 后两者共有89 个EST 序列未发现功能相似的蛋白。对已鉴定的EST进行功能分析发现, 相关基因主要编码以下蛋白: 与蛋白表达相关的占35%; 光合作用相关的占22%; 新陈代谢相关的占18%; 抗性相关的占11%; 质膜运输和细胞分裂相关的分别占5% ; 染色体变化和细胞信号转导的分别占2%。根据有效EST 序列设计引物, 通过RT-PCR 进一验证了所得EST 的准确性。这些研究结果为将来研究黄管秦艽的功能基因以及该物种与相关物种的群体遗传学、进化生物学等方面提供了基础。     

Expressed Sequence Tags from Developing Castor Seeds

To expand the availability of genes encoding enzymes and structural proteins associated with storage lipid synthesis and deposition, partial nucleotide sequences, or expressed sequence tags (ESTs), were obtained for 743 cDNA clones derived from developing seeds of castor (Ricinus communis L.). Enrichment for seed-specific cDNA clones was obtained by selecting clones that did not detectably hybridize to first-strand cDNA from leaf mRNA. Similarly, clones that hybridized to storage proteins or other highly abundant mRNA species from developing seeds were selected against. To enrich for endomembrane-associated proteins, some clones were selected for sequencing by immunological screening with antibodies prepared against partially purified endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the ESTs with the public data bases resulted in the assignment of putative identities of 49% of the clones selected by differential hybridization and 71% of the clones selected by immunological screening. Open reading frames in 100 of the ESTs exhibited higher homology to 78 different nonplant gene products than to any previously known plant gene product.     

基于表达序列标签的微卫星标记(EST-SSRs)研究进展

作为一种新型分子标记,EST-SSR来自表达基因,因而除具备传统基因组来源的SSR标记所有优势外,可能与基因功能表达具有直接或间接关系,从而强化了SSR标记在遗传研究中的应用.本文综述了近几年来EST-SSR用于遗传图谱构建、基因定位、比较基因组学及重要基因筛选和发掘等方面的研究.     

Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags in Porcine Uterus Tissue

Two non-normalized cDNA libraries of uteri from Danish Landrace and Chinese Erhualian pigs were constructed, and 13,756 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were randomly sequenced. The ESTs were clustered by Phrap software, and 6,139 distinct tentative consensus sequences were produced, including 2,730 contigs and 3,409 singlets. Using Blast tools, these 6,139 candidate genes were compared to the nr and nt databases; 5,210 of them were assigned putative functions, whereas 929 potentially represent new genes. Highly expressed genes appear to be associated with basic energy metabolism, transferase activity, localization, cellular physiological process, protein binding, and nucleic acid binding. Antileukoproteinase was the most highly expressed gene, corresponding to endometrial differentiation and conceptus or fetal development.