洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌CAS19嗜铁素合成相关基因cepR的克隆及生物信息分析

本研究采用PCR方法克隆了洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌CAS19嗜铁素合成相关基因cepR,并对cepR基因编码蛋白的结构和功能进行生物信息学分析和预测。同源性分析表明,CAS19的cepR核苷酸序列与Burkholderia cepacia LMG1222cepR基因的同源性为99%;cepR基因全长768bp,包含一个完整的231bp的开放阅读框架,编码239个氨基酸;该基因编码蛋白分子量为26.59kD,理论的等电点为5.55,含有一个LuxR型HTH结构域,在氨基酸残基的不同区域分布有酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点、蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点、酪氨酸激酶磷酸化位点、N-肉豆蔻酰化位点和N-糖基化位点,还有一个明显的跨膜结构。本研究结果将为洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌嗜铁素合成相关研究提供调控基因信息和参考依据,并为其进一步开发和利用奠定基础。     

牛卵巢PRSS35基因CDS序列分析

为测定牛卵巢丝氨酸蛋白酶35 (PRSS35)的CDS序列并进行生物信息学分析。试验根据NCBI上已公布牛PRSS35基因的mRNA序列设计特异性引物,使用RT-PCR技术扩增牛卵泡中PRSS35的CDS序列。结果显示,牛PRSS35基因CDS区序列全长为1 239 bp,共编码412个氨基酸,PRSS35与其他10个物种的同源序列相似性较高,且该蛋白具有一个长度为20个氨基酸的信号肽,具有11个O-糖基化位点和2个N-糖基化位点,以及3个磷酸化位点,并发现有一个典型的Tryp_Spc结构域,即胰蛋白酶样丝氨酸蛋白酶结构域。为进一步研究该基因及其编码蛋白在卵泡发育过程中所起的作用提供了一定的理论依据。     

粘质沙雷氏菌氯霉素抗性基因的克隆及其性质分析

通过构建粘质沙雷氏菌KMR-3菌株的基因组DNA文库, 克隆到了与该菌的氯霉素抗性相关基因, 并对其部分特性进行了初步研究。结果表明: 克隆到的氯霉素抗性基因所编码的蛋白属于PRK10473蛋白, 由397个氨基酸编码, 与变形斑沙雷氏菌(Serratia proteamaculans 568) Bcr/CflA亚家族药物抗性转运蛋白同源性最高, 达到92%, 并对该基因的调控序列(启动子、终止子、SD序列及转录起始位点) 进行了分析。     

粘质沙雷氏菌氯霉素抗性基因的克隆及其性质分析

通过构建粘质沙雷氏菌KMR-3菌株的基因组DNA文库, 克隆到了与该菌的氯霉素抗性相关基因, 并对其部分特性进行了初步研究。结果表明: 克隆到的氯霉素抗性基因所编码的蛋白属于PRK10473蛋白, 由397个氨基酸编码, 与变形斑沙雷氏菌(Serratia proteamaculans 568) Bcr/CflA亚家族药物抗性转运蛋白同源性最高, 达到92%, 并对该基因的调控序列(启动子、终止子、SD序列及转录起始位点) 进行了分析。     

大熊猫RPS15 cDNA的克隆及序列分析

本研究运用RT-PCR技术,首次从大熊猫 Ailuropoda melanoleuca的肌肉组织总RNA中成功克隆了核糖体蛋白S15 (RPS15)基因的表达序列,并对其进行了初步分析.结果 表明:大熊猫RPS15基因的表达序列全长为442 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为438 bp,编码145个氨基酸,该蛋白的分子量为17.0401 KDa, 等电点为10.3,含有2个依赖于cAMP和cGMP的蛋白激酶磷酸化位点, 5个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点,4个N-酰基化位点及1个RPS19蛋白signature位点.进一步分析发现,大熊猫RPS15基因的表达序列及其编码的氨基酸序列与已报道的部分哺乳动物具有很高的相似性.     

野生茄子黄萎病病程相关基因StDAHP的克隆与表达分析

采用RACE和同源序列克隆技术,从野生茄子托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)中克隆得到一个DAHP同源基因,命名为StDAHP基因,提交至GenBank,登录号为GU479467。生物信息学分析表明:StDAHPcDNA含有一个1683bp的开放阅读框,编码一个由560个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白,该蛋白分子量为62.53kDa,等电点为9.1。采用DNAMAN软件对StDAHP和其他同源蛋白的氨基酸序列比对,结果表明:该蛋白与来自马铃薯、番茄、烟草和水稻4种植物的同源蛋白在氨基酸水平有较高的一致性;且在靠近N-末端和C-末端的氨基酸都比较保守。采用半定量RT-PCR方法对StDAHPmRNA水平进行了分析,结果显示:StDAHP属于诱导表达,在病原菌侵染后期维持较高水平。     

大熊猫核糖体蛋白S11亚基基因(RPS11)cDNA的克隆及序列分析

RPS11是核糖体小亚基40S的组成部分,由RPS11基因所编码,属于核糖体蛋白S17p家族,主要存在于真核生物中.为了解大熊猫核糖体蛋白亚基RPS11基因的结构特点及其与已报道的人和其他哺乳动物核糖体蛋白亚基RPS11 基因的异同,本研究根据已报道的部分哺乳动物核糖体蛋白S11亚基基因(RPS11)的相关信息设计引物,运用RT-PCR 技术从大熊猫的肌肉组织总RNA中成功克隆了核糖体蛋白亚基RPS11基因,并进行了测序和序列分析.结果表明:大熊猫RPS11亚基基因的开放阅读框(ORF)长为477 bp,编码158 个氨基酸的蛋白质,该蛋白的相对分子量为18.4275 kDa,pI为10.96.拓扑预测显示该蛋白含有14个功能位点:即2 个N-糖基化位点,6个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点,4个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点,1个酪氨酸激酶磷酸化位点和1个核糖体蛋白S17 signature位点.进一步分析发现,大熊猫RPS11基因与已报道的部分哺乳动物的表达序列及其编码的氨基酸序列都具有很高的相似性.本研究结果为丰富和完善哺乳动物RPS11基因资源库提供了基础资料.     

藏羊GM-CSF基因的RT-PCR扩增、序列分析及蛋白结构预测

为了研究藏羊GM-CSF基因及其编码蛋白的功能,提取藏羊脾脏总RNA,应用RT-PCR技术对藏羊GM-CSF基因进行扩增及测序,并利用DNA Star软件进行序列分析及编码蛋白结构预测。测试表明,藏羊GM-CSF基因长度为381 bp,编码127个氨基酸;藏羊GM-CSF基因与参考绵羊、藏羚羊、山羊和水牛的GM-CSF基因的核苷酸序列同源性依次为100%、99.2%、98.7%和92.1%,氨基酸序列同源性依次为100%、97.6%、96.9%和81.0%。蛋白结构预测表明GM-CSF蛋白具有1个N-糖基化位点、1个N-豆蔻酰化位点、1个粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子信号、2个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点、3个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点;综合二、三级结构预测得出,该蛋白主要由α螺旋组成,其次是β转角和无规则卷曲,而β折叠相对较少。研究成果可为青海藏羊GM-CSF基因抗病功能的研究提供参考。     

一株引起严重急性呼吸道感染病例的A亚型人呼吸道合胞病毒全基因组基因特征分析

人呼吸道合胞病毒(Human respiratory syncytial virus,HRSV)是导致儿童急性呼吸道感染的最重要的呼吸道病毒之一。根据对单克隆抗体的反应,HRSV分为A、B两个亚型。为探讨严重急性呼吸道感染(Severe acute respi-ratory infection,SARI)病例中HRSV全基因组基因特征,本研究对2017年河南省漯河市住院SARI病例中检测到的1株HRSV A亚型病毒通过Sanger测序方法对其全基因组序列进行了测定和分析。通过Sequencher 5.4.5、MEGA 5.05、BioEdit 7.0.5等生物信息学软件进行序列拼接和比对,进行了基因亲缘性关系分析、氨基酸变异和糖基化位点分析。基于HRSV全基因组序列和11个单个蛋白基因序列构建的亲缘性关系分析结果提示本研究中检测到的这株HRSVA病毒(RSVAs/Luohe.Henan/CHN/42.17)属于ON1基因型,该型是我国近年流行的优势基因型。该病毒全基因组序列与35条全球代表株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为92.69%～99.82%和93.63%～99.67%;G蛋白编码区氨基酸变异最高,而F蛋白相对保守。糖基化位点分析发现,该病毒的F蛋白有6个N-糖基化位点,未发现O-糖基化位点,此结果与原型株long株相同;G蛋白N-糖基化位点有6个,O-糖基化位点为82个,而原型株long株有11个N-糖基化位点,15个O-糖基化位点。本研究对2017年河南省漯河市SARI病例中一株HRSVA病毒全基因组序列进行了测定,与世界其他地区报道的HRSVA亚型病毒全基因组序列进行了对比分析,揭示了SARI病例中我国HRSV优势流行ON1基因型病毒全基因组的核苷酸和氨基酸变异特征,以及G蛋白和F蛋白编码区糖基化情况,丰富了我国HRSV基因数据库,也为HRSV的核酸检测方法的建立、疫苗研发和预防性单克隆抗体的评价提供了核苷酸和氨基酸的基础数据。     

寡聚核苷酸介导的基因突变技术创制抗除草剂烟草新种质北大核心CSCD

为进一步优化烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)品种‘K326’的种质,该研究采用寡聚核苷酸介导的基因突变(oligonucleotide-mediated mutagenesis,OMM)技术,利用植物中支链氨基酸合成途径中第一个关键酶——乙酰乳酸合成酶(acetolactate synthase,ALS)突变后烟草对氯磺隆除草剂不敏感且产生抗性的特征,以及NCBI报道的ALS基因序列同源克隆了烟草品种‘K326’中的ALS基因,并根据ALS基因序列设计用于定点突变的RNA/DNA嵌合体,导入烟草品种‘K326’创制对氯磺隆除草剂具有抗性的烟草新种质。结果表明:(1)烟草品种‘K326’具有2条ALS基因,即ALS SuRA和ALS SuRB,大小分别为2004 bp和2010 bp。(2)根据2个基因的保守位点ALS SuRA 588脯氨酸位点和ALS SuRB 1719色氨酸位点设计用于ALS基因核苷酸第588位点的Chl-588嵌合体和第1719位点的Chl-1719嵌合体。(3)利用基因枪成功将这2个片段导入烟草愈伤组织,愈伤组织依次经抗性芽分化和生根,共获得氯磺隆抗性植株22株。(4)抗性植株ALS酶活性测定显示,8株抗性植株具有较强的活性,进一步对抗性植株中跨突变位点保守扩增、测序,最终确定有2株(f11和b18)分别在588、1719位点产生定点突变。综上认为,该研究在获得烟草品种‘K326’抗氯磺隆新种质同时,也为培育抗性烟草新种质提供了理想的亲本材料。     

Phylloplanins of tobacco are defensive proteins deployed on aerial surfaces by short glandular trichomes

In plants, defensive proteins secreted to leaf aerial surfaces have not previously been considered to be a strategy of pathogen resistance, and the general occurrence of leaf surface proteins is not generally recognized. We found that leaf water washes (LWW) of the experimental plant Nicotiana tabacum tobacco introduction (TI) 1068 contained highly hydrophobic, basic proteins that inhibited spore germination and leaf infection by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora tabacina. We termed these surface-localized proteins tobacco phylloplanins, and we isolated the novel gene T-Phylloplanin (for Tobacco Phylloplanin) and its promoter from N. tabacum. Escherichia coli-expressed T-phylloplanin inhibited P. tabacina spore germination and greatly reduced leaf infection. The T-phylloplanin promoter, when fused to the reporter genes beta-glucuronidase and green fluorescent protein, directed biosynthesis only in apical-tip cell clusters of short, procumbent glandular trichomes. Here, we provide evidence for a protein-based surface defense system in the plant kingdom, wherein protein biosynthesis in short, procumbent glandular trichomes allows surface secretion and deposition of defensive phylloplanins on aerial surfaces as a first-point-of-contact deterrent to pathogen establishment. As yet uncharacterized surface proteins have been detected on most plant species examined.     

Impacts of T-Phylloplanin gene knockdown and of Helianthus and Datura phylloplanins on Peronospora tabacina spore germination and disease potential

T-phylloplanin proteins secreted to aerial surfaces of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by short procumbent trichomes inhibit spore germination and blue mold disease caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora tabacina. Many other plants were found to contain water-washed leaf surface proteins (phylloplanins), but the functions and properties of these are not known. Here we extend earlier evidence for the antifungal activity of T-phylloplanins using a reverse genetics approach. RNA interference of the T-phylloplanin gene in tobacco 'T.I. 1068' resulted in loss of T-phylloplanin mRNA and protein, loss of in vitro spore germination inhibition activity, and leaf infection inhibition activity of leaf water washes from RNA interference plants, and young knockdown plants were susceptible to disease. The glycoprotein character, adaxial-leaf-surface enrichment of, and renewability of T-phylloplanins are also described. We also report that leaf water washes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and jimson weed (Datura metel), but not soybean (Glycine max), like that of tobacco, possess ProteinaseK- and boiling-sensitive P. tabacina spore germination and tobacco leaf infection inhibition activities. Results establish that T-phylloplaninins of tobacco are active in P. tabacina inhibition, and indicate that leaf surface proteins of certain non-Nicotiana species that are not susceptible to P. tabacina disease can inhibit germination of spores of this oomycete pathogen and inhibit tobacco leaf infection by this pathogen.     

Cloning and characterization of the major outer membrane protein gene (ompH) of Pasteurella multocida X-73.

The major outer membrane protein (OmpH) of Pasteurella multocida X-73 was purified by selective extraction with detergents, followed by size exclusion chromatography. The planar lipid bilayer assay showed that OmpH has pore-forming function. The average single channel conductance in 1.0 M KCl was 0.62 nS. The gene (ompH) encoding OmpH has been isolated and sequenced by construction of a genomic library and PCR techniques. The coding region of this gene is 1,059 bp long. The predicted primary protein is composed of 353 amino acids, with a 20-amino-acid signal peptide. The mature protein is composed of 333 amino acids with a molecular mass of 36.665 kDa. The ompH gene encoding mature protein has been expressed in Escherichia coli by using a regulatable expression system. The ompH gene was distributed among 15 P. multocida serotypes and strain CU. Protection studies showed that OmpH was able to induce homologous protection in chickens. These findings demonstrate that OmpH is a protective outer membrane porin of strain X-73 and is conserved among P. multocida somatic serotypes.     

Characterization of a single-copy Arabidopsis gene encoding a protein showing limited similarity to the N-terminus of the mammalian clathrin-assembly protein AP180.

The Arabidopsis 194 gene encoding a protein containing sequence similarity to an N-terminal region of the clathrin-assembly protein AP180 has been identified in a 4.9-kb region of genomic DNA upstream of the gene encoding the high mobility group protein HMG-I/Y. The gene consists of 12 exons and 11 introns, identified by comparison with partial cDNAs and using the NetPlantGene programme, and encodes a protein of 584 amino acid residues. The C-terminal region of the protein contains 8 tandem repeats of a 17-amino-acid-residue sequence. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA from Columbia and Landsberg ecotypes of Arabidopsis indicates the presence of a single copy of the 194 gene. The 194 gene is expressed in all organs of Arabidopsis including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and developing siliques, as determined by northern blot analysis.     

黑曲霉htmA基因的分离鉴定及其功能分析

本研究通过分析比较黑曲霉基因组与人、哺乳动物和酿酒酵母基因组序列同源性,首次分离鉴定了黑曲霉htmA基因,该基因长3459bp,编码1083个氨基酸。已知真核生物的htmA基因编码一种类α-甘露糖苷酶I的非必须蛋白HTMA,在内质网中参与降解非正确折叠的糖蛋白,htmA基因的破坏会延迟非正确折叠糖蛋白的降解。为分析htmA基因在黑曲霉中的功能,运用同源重组技术敲除黑曲霉基因组中的htmA基因,获得htmA基因缺失突变菌株,并进行了缺失株外源漆酶分泌能力的检测。结果表明黑曲霉htmA基因的破坏延缓了外源漆酶的降解,由此推测黑曲霉htmA基因编码蛋白HTMA具有与酵母、哺乳动物HTM1P/EDEM类似的功能作用。     

The major heat-modifiable outer membrane protein CD is highly conserved among strains of Branhamella catarrhalis

The outer membrane of Branhamella catarrhalis contains a major, heat-modifiable outer membrane protein called CD which has epitopes on the surface of the intact bacterium. The gene encoding CD was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The protein migrates in gels as a doublet, indicating that CD is encoded by single gene whose gene product has two stable conformations. The nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding CD was determined and shows homology with the OprF outer membrane protein of Pseudomonas species. The CD protein contains a proline-rich region, which appears to account for its aberrant migration in gels. Restriction fragment-length analysis of 30 isolates of B. catarrhalis with oligonucleotide probes corresponding to sequences in the CD gene produced identical patterns in Southern blot assays. The major heat-modifiable outer membrane protein CD shares homology with the OprF protein and is highly conserved among strains of B. catarrhalis.     

Cloning and sequence analysis of the 10 kDa antigen gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The gene encoding a major protein antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been cloned and sequenced using oligonucleotide probes derived from the N-terminal sequence of the analogous protein from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. The gene analysis revealed a sequence encoding a protein of 99 amino acid residues, with a molecular mass of 10.7 kDa. Computer prediction suggests that the protein contains three T-cell-determined epitopes (of which one has been demonstrated experimentally) and three B-cell-determined epitopes. The protein sequence was homologous to two prokaryote heat-shock proteins and the gene possessed heat-shock-like promoter sequences upstream of the initiation codon. A hairpin loop identified in the upstream sequence may also be important in regulation of the gene.     

Sequence analysis of a processed gene coding for mouse ribosomal protein L32

The nucleotide sequence of a mouse ribosomal protein gene, identified by hybridization with the gene encoding the Drosophila ribosomal (r-) protein 49, was determined by cloning in the phage M13 and dideoxy sequencing. The mouse gene, L32', is a member of the multigene family encoding mammalian r-protein L32. L32' is a processed gene that could encode a 135 amino acid protein similar to that of mouse L32 and Drosophila r-protein 49.