S-腺苷酰L-甲硫氨酸 (SAM)对 HL-60细胞 DNA甲基化酶活力和甲基化水平的影响(英文)

 以 S-腺苷酰 - L-甲硫氨酸 (SAM)为诱导物 ,在 1 0 μmol/L最佳浓度下造成 1 6%的 HL- 60细胞分化 .HPLC检测结果表明 ,细胞基因组 DNA甲基化水平升高 .通过3H甲基同位素参入法研究细胞 DNA甲基化酶活力 ,则发现在细胞分化过程中酶活力未见升高 .说明细胞基因组甲基化水平升高并不是胞内 DNA甲基化酶催化能力改变的结果 ,而是由于 SAM进入细胞提供过量甲基造成的 .     

Effect of DNA methylation on protein-DNA interaction of HL-60 cells

HL-60 cells have been induced with differentiation index 16% by S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as inducer in the presence of optimum concentration of 10 pmol/L. The methylation level of genome DNA determined by HPLC is increased during cell differentiation. When restriction endonucleaseHae III,Sma I,Sal I,XhoI andHind III which are sensitive to 5-methyicytoside were used to cleave the genome DNA, a resistance effect was found. The interaction between DNA and DNA binding proteins is changed by using gel retarding test.     

5－氮－2＇－脱氧胞苷（5－aza－CdR）对HL－60细胞分化和DNA甲基化酶的影响

以５－氮－２＇－脱氧胞苷（５－ａｚａ－ＣｄＲ）为诱导物,在０．５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的最佳浓度下,可诱导ＨＬ－６０细胞分化达１５％左右。同时,用［￣３Ｈ］－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－ｓ－ａｄｅｎｏｓｙｌｍｅｔｈｉｏｎｉｎｅ（￣３Ｈ－ＳＡＭ）为底物,通过同位素参入法,测定了不同浓度诱导物对ＨＬ－６０细胞ＤＮＡ甲基化酶活力的影响,发现在最佳诱导物浓度下,可使ＨＬ－６０细胞ＤＮＡ甲基化酶活力明显下降,此外,也比较了不同分化水平的ＨＬ－６０细胞中具有不同甲基化水平的ＤＮＡ在体外接受甲基的能力,从而证明５－ａｚａ－ＣｄＲ诱导ＨＬ－６０细胞分化与其ＤＮＡ甲基化状态密切相关。     

UV辐射所致HL－60细胞DNA不均一修复的研究

在特定基因水平检测了ＵＶ照射后ＨＬ－６０细胞的ＤＮＡ修复。结果显示活性转录的ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因的修复水平明显高于非活性转录的β珠蛋白基因和全基因组。而进一步应用链专一性ＲＮＡ探针检测,发现ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因中的转录链和非转录链的修复效率没有明显差异。上述结果表明,ＨＬ－６０细胞能够对活跃表达基因的损伤进行选择性高效修复,但不能对活跃表达基因中的转录链进行进一步的选择性修复。     

Induction of apoptosis by pterocarpans from Platymiscium floribundum in HL-60 human leukemia cells

(+)-2,3,9-Trimethoxy-pterocarpan (1) (+)-3,9-dimethoxy-pterocarpan [(+)-homopterocarpin] (2), (+)-3-hydroxy-9-methoxy-pterocarpan [(+)-medicarpin] (3) and (+)-3,4-dihydroxy-9-methoxy-pterocarpan [(+)-vesticarpan] (4) are cytotoxic pterocarpans isolated from the native Brazilian plant Platymiscium floribundum. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether induction of apoptosis and/or inhibition of DNA synthesis is involved in the cytotoxicity of these pterocarpans in human leukemia cells. The effect on cell viability determined using the trypan exclusion assay revealed that all compounds tested reduced the number of viable cells, while only in the presence of 3 and 4, there was an increase of nonviable cells. The analysis of membrane integrity and morphological modifications by flow cytometry in the presence of these two compounds indicated that treated cells undergo necrosis, while 1 and 2 trigger apoptosis. DNA synthesis seemed to be affected since BrdU incorporation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of all tested compounds. Pterocarpan treatment also induced an increase in the amount of subdiploid DNA, indicating internucleosomal DNA breakdown, mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation, which indicate apoptosis induction.     

Thioredoxin reductase is one of the selenoproteins in both promyelocytic and granulocytic HL-60 cells

Human leukemia promyelocytic HL-60 cells differentiate into granulocytes when cultured with 1.25% dimethyl sulfoxide for 3 d. The radioactive Na₂ ⁷⁵SeO₃ incorporation and the amount of total proteins were interrelated in both promyelocytic and granulocytic HL-60. Promyelocytic cells had four times higher⁷⁵Se incorporation and 34% more protein synthesis than the granulocytic cells on the fifth culturing day. The enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px, E.C. 1.11.1.9) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR, E.C. 1.6.4.5) in both types of cells increased significantly and approached steady stage on the third day. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis and autoradiography of the proteins from the cells revealed three proteins with molecular weights of57, 28, and 21 kDa, respectively. These three⁷⁵Se-labeled proteins were present in both types of cells. The proteins from HL-60 cells were separated by DEAE-Sepharose and 2′5′-ADP-Sepharose columns. The purified 57-kDa protein had TrxR activity of 0.744 Μmol 5′-thionitrobenzoic acid (TNB) formed/min/mg protein and two isoelectric points at pH 5.9 and 6.0. These results suggest that TrxR is one of the selenoproteins in both promyelocytic and granulocytic HL-60 cells.     

Altered expression of nuclear matrix proteins in etoposide induced apoptosis in HL－60 cells

INTRODUCTIIONThe nuclear matrix is an essential component ofthe nucleus which is important for the nuclear structural integrity and specific genomic functions[1, 2].Several articles have reported that the nuclear matrix, as a higher order framework structures, mightbe disassembled du-ring the apoptotic process[3-5].Accordingly3 nuclear lamins A/C or B have beenfound to decrease in apoptotic thymocytes[6], Tcells[7], and carcinoma cell line[8, 9]. The nucleolar protein B23, an obscure ma…     

Isoverbascoside对HL-60细胞的诱导分化和细胞毒作用

不同时间、不同浓度的isoverbascoside体外处理HL-60细胞,以形态改变(光镜和透射电镜观察)、功能分化(化学发光检测吞噬能力)、恶性度降低(裸鼠成瘤试验)等指标观察其诱导分化作用;以台盼蓝拒染作用和电镜下形态变化确定其细胞毒作用;用流式细胞术测定其对HL-60细胞周期的影响。20—25μmol/L Isov 1—3天诱导HL-60细胞向粒系方向分化,细胞吞噬能力提高,裸鼠成瘤性降低。30—35μmol/L Isov 2—3天对HL-60细胞有强烈的细胞毒作用。20μmol/L Isov处理12h可引起HL-60细胞的G_1期阻滞,在72h时引起HL-60细胞的G_2/M期的阻滞。     

灰毡毛忍冬次皂苷乙抑制白血病细胞HL-60的增殖及其机制研究

研究了灰毡毛忍冬次皂苷乙(MB)在体外对白血病细胞HL-60和结肠癌细胞LOVO增殖的抑制作用,并初步探讨其分子机制。采用MTT法检测MB的增殖抑制作用;利用RT2ProfilerTMPCR Array芯片实时定量PCR扩增肿瘤发生中84个关键基因。结果表明MB对两种肿瘤细胞生长均有抑制作用,且对HL-60效果更好。以HL-60作为细胞模型,总共发现差异基因20个,其中上调基因14个,下调基因6个,主要作用是阻滞细胞周期和降低细胞侵袭转移。     

The influence of Trisenox on actin organization in HL-60 cells

The aim of this study was to show the influence of Trisenox (arsenic trioxide, ATO) on cytoplasmic and nuclear F-actin organization in HL-60 human leukemia cell line. Changes in localization were determined with the use of fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Alterations, in both cytoplasmic and nuclear actin, were observed in cells exposed to ATO. F-actin network underwent accumulation and formed aggregates, that were very often placed under the cell membrane in whole cells and at the periphery of isolated nuclei. Addition of ATO also induced apoptosis and a decrease in G2 phase cells. These results suggest the influence of actin on the formation of apoptotic bodies and also participation of this protein in apoptotic alterations within nuclei, i.e. chromatin reorganization.     

Arsenic suppresses necrosis induced by selenite in human leukemia HL-60 cells

Selenium, an essential trace element for humans, has been shown to have anticancer effects. Arsenic, a possibly essential ultratrace element for humans, has been used in the treatment of leukemia. Anticancer effects of selenium and arsenic have been related to their ability to induce apoptosis. Because humans are exposed to diverse trace elements simultaneously, it is important to learn their interrelationship. In this study, we demonstrate that sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃) causes apoptosis at 3 μM and necrosis at high concentrations (>3 μM) in HL-60 cells. Similarly, both sodium arsenite (NaAsO₂) at 50 μM and sodium arsenate (Na₂HAsO₄) induce apoptosis at 500 μM and necrosis at higher concentrations (>50 μM and >500 μM, respectively) in HL-60 cells. Arsenite/arsenate, but not selenite, enhances AP-1 DNA-binding activity. This finding indicates different mechanisms through which apoptosis is induced by these two elements. Interestingly, we observed that HL-60 cell necrosis induced by a high concentration (>3 μM) of selenite was essentially inhibited by arsenic (50 μM of NaAsO₂ or 500 μM of Na₂HAsO₄), which resulted in a net effect of apoptosis. Because AP-1 DNA-binding activity was not induced in the presence of a combination of necrotic amount of selenite and apoptotic amount of arsenite/arsenate, the observed apoptosis apparently was through the mechanism used by selenite. Our results suggest, for the first time, that the toxic necrotic effect of selenite can be neutralized by arsenite/arsenate at the cellular level. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Area, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.     

Growth study of lactate and ammonia double-resistant clones of HL-60 cells

The possibility that lactate and ammonia accumulation may have less detrimental effect on cell growth than usually admitted is investigated. We report here the isolation of several HL-60 subclones able to proliferate in the presence of 60 mM sodium lactate and 4 mM ammonium chloride, concentrations usually considered to be toxic for cell proliferation. Growth kinetics and final cell densities of these clones in suspension cultures were similar to the HL-60 cell population in control medium as well as in medium containing ammonia and lactate in which control cells were unable to grow. The metabolic pattern of the double-resistant clones revealed that lactate and ammonia formation was inhibited in the presence of lactate and ammonia in the medium, while alanine production and arginine consumption were enhanced irrespective of the medium.     

Apoptosis of human leukemic HL—60 cells induced to differentiate by treatment with RA or DMSO

In present study,we studied the effect of all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA)and dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)on the induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cell line.Based on morphological changes by Hochest 33342 staining and identification of internuclesomal NDA celeavage by gel electrophoresis,we observed aberrant nuclear chromatin condensation and ladder-like pattern of DNA degradation. Using Flow Cytometric method.We found sub-G1 peak in RA-treated HL-60 cells starting 5 to 6d after the initiation of the treatment However,Such an obvious apoptotic peak was not identified in DMSO-differentiated cells.Combining the research accomplished before.our study approves further that apoptosis could be a common mode of death of terminally differentiated HL-60 cells.     

STAT3反义核酸对HL-60细胞周期及c-myc mRNA表达的影响

实验分反义组、无义组、脂质体组、空白组,转染后,应用四唑盐（MTT）比色法分析细胞增殖率,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,RT-PCR检测细胞中STAT3 mRNA和c-myc mRNA的表达。探讨STAT3反义寡核苷酸对白血病细胞HL-60细胞周期及c-myc的影响。STAT3 ASODN抑制HL-60细胞增殖呈时间和浓度依赖性;反义寡核苷酸作用后,G0/G1期细胞明显减少,S期细胞增多,细胞周期进程受到明显阻滞;反义寡核苷酸作用48h后细胞内STAT3mRNA及c-myc mRNA的表达水平下降,与各对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。STAT3 ASODN能够明显抑制HL-60细胞增殖,并能阻滞HL-60细胞于G0/G1期、并下调c-myc mRNA的表达。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌Bt9875晶体蛋白诱导HL-60细胞凋亡

[目的]研究苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)Bt9875菌株晶体蛋白对人急性髓细胞性白血病细胞HL-60的影响.[方法]采用MTT比色、荧光显微观察、DNA凝胶电泳、流式细胞术等方法来检测不同浓度的Bt9875晶体蛋白处理后HL-60细胞的凋亡特征.[结果]Bt9875晶体蛋白对HL-60细胞的生长具有明显的抑制作用,且随着蛋白质浓度的增加对HL-60细胞生长抑制愈加明显,而对正常人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)无作用;荧光显微镜下观察发现经该蛋白作用后HL-60细胞核的形态呈现凋亡特征;流式细胞术分析表明,HL-60细胞经100 μg/mL晶体蛋白作用后,凋亡率达到52%;琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示细胞DNA呈梯状降解.[结论]初步证明了Bt9875晶体蛋白在体外能够明显抑制HL-60细胞的增长,并诱导其凋亡,这为苏云金芽抱杆菌晶体蛋白的应用开创了新的思路.     

哺乳动物DNA甲基化及其在体细胞诱导重编程中的作用

诱导多能干细胞(Induced pluripotent stem cell, iPS)技术提供了将终末分化的细胞逆转为多潜能干细胞的可能, 在干细胞基础理论研究和再生医学中具有重要意义。然而, 目前体细胞诱导重编程方法效率极低, 常发生不完全的重编程。研究表明, 在不完全重编程的细胞中存在体细胞的表观遗传记忆, 而DNA甲基化作为相对长期和稳定的表观遗传修饰, 是影响重编程效率和iPS细胞分化能力的重要因素之一。哺乳动物DNA甲基化是指胞嘧啶第五位碳原子上的甲基化修饰, 常发生于CpG位点。DNA甲基化能够调节体细胞特异基因和多能性基因的表达, 因此其在哺乳动物基因调控、胚胎发育和细胞重编程过程中发挥着重要作用。此外, 异常DNA甲基化可能导致iPS细胞基因印记的异常和X染色体的失活。文章重点围绕DNA甲基化的机制、分布特点、及其在体细胞诱导重编程中的作用进行了综述。     

外泌体分泌在1,4-苯醌诱导的HL-60细胞凋亡中起保护作用

慢性苯暴露损害造血系统,可引起再生障碍性贫血,甚至白血病。外泌体(exosomes)是细胞分泌的纳米级膜泡,在许多生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用。然而,苯及其代谢产物对外泌体分泌的影响仍不清楚。本研究旨在观察苯的活性代谢产物1,4-苯醌(1,4-benzoquinone,1,4-BQ)能否引起人早幼粒白血病细胞HL-60外泌体分泌量的变化以及外泌体释放在1,4-BQ诱导的细胞凋亡中的作用。应用不同浓度1,4-BQ处理细胞24 h,超高速离心法提取细胞培养基中的外泌体,结果发现1,4-BQ能促进外泌体分泌,呈剂量反应关系。进一步应用外泌体抑制剂GW4869抑制外泌体分泌,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率、蛋白质免疫印迹法检测抑凋亡蛋白质Bcl-2、凋亡通路关键蛋白质cleaved caspase-9和cleaved caspase-3的表达,探讨外泌体分泌对1,4-BQ所致细胞凋亡的影响。结果显示:与对照组相比,1,4-BQ单独处理组的凋亡率、Bcl-2、cleaved caspase-9和cleaved caspase-3的表达均显著增高(P<0.05),而1,4-BQ+GW4869组的凋亡率及凋亡相关蛋白质的表达均显著高于1,4-BQ单独处理组(P<0.05),表明抑制外泌体分泌可增加1,4-BQ诱导的细胞凋亡。综上表明,1,4-BQ能促进外泌体分泌,并在1,4-BQ诱导的细胞凋亡中起保护作用。本研究为了解苯的毒性效应和毒性机制提供了新的实验证据。     

Plasma membrane redox system during HL-60 induced differentiation

Summary HL-60 cells were induced to differentiate by exposure to TPA or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (calcitriol). Induction with TPA was in parallel with a modulation of transmembrane redox system. After addition of 2 ng/m1 TPA, transient increases in ferricyanide reductase activity, NAD(H) intracellular levels and short-term response of NAD(H) to 0.4 mM ferricyanide were observed. The role of ascorbate on the differentiation induced by calcitriol also was studied. When HL-60 cells were exposed to 10^–8 M calcitriol in the presence of 0.2 mM ascorbate, specific differentiation markers as NBT reduction or surface antigen CD11b increased significantly with respect to values obtained from treatments with calcitriol alone.     

Analysis of global DNA methylation by hydrophilic interaction ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

We developed and validated a rapid, sensitive, and specific liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for determination of global DNA methylation in tissue. DNA was extracted by phenol–chloroform, hydrolyzed using 88% formic acid at 140 °C, spiked with cytosine-2,4-¹³C¹⁵N₂ as internal standard, evaporated under nitrogen, reconstituted in methanol, and analyzed by LC–MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring mode to reflect the global DNA methylation of the tissue. The method was linear throughout the range of clinical interest and had good sensitivity, with a limit of quantification of 0.5 pg for both cytosine (Cyt) and 5-methylcytosine (5mCyt). The linear range of calibration curve was 1–50 and 1–100 ng/ml for 5mCyt and Cyt, respectively, with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.99. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.70–4.09% and 0.60–4.81% for Cyt and 5mCyt, respectively. The intraday precision expressed as RSD ranged from 1.86% to 4.67%, whereas the interday values ranged from 3.72% to 4.68%. The recovery of the method varied from 86.52% to 105.14%. This yielded a simple and reliable LC–MS/MS assay for detection of Cyt and 5mCyt, thereby enabling the evaluation of global DNA methylation.