Two new dimorphic soft-coral species (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from Antarctica

Sphaeralcyon shackletonisp. nov. and Sphaeralcyon scottisp. nov. are described and illustrated from material collected at the Scotia Sea and Weddell Sea on the Polarstern cruises ANT XIX/3 (ANDEEP-I), ANT XIX/5 (LAMPOS), and ANT XXI/2 (BENDEX). With the discovery of Sphaeralcyon shackletoni and S. scotti, three species are now known in the genus Sphaeralcyon, all them reported from the Southern Ocean. The diagnosis of the genus has been slightly modified to accommodate some of the characters of the new species.     

A new species of Notodiaptomus Kiefer, 1936 (Copepoda,Diaptomidae) from the Amazon and Orinoco River Basins

A new species of Notodiaptomus, Notodiaptomus simillimus sp. nov., based on the female originally but erroneously assigned to Rhacodiaptomus calatus, and the corresponding newly discovered male, is described and illustrated in detail. The designation of the female as a new species of Notodiaptomus, and the recognition of the corresponding new male, is based on detailed morphological and biometrical studies, analysis of the known distribution and material from laboratory cultures. Morphological analysis demonstrated that the female shares the form of the external genital area and setal armature of the exopod 2 of leg 5 with other species of Notodiaptomus but they differ from those exhibited by species of Rhacodiaptomus. The distributions of the female and male assigned to Notodiaptomus simillimus sp. nov. overlap and include the Atabapo and Guaviare Rivers and Lago Calado. On the other hand, the distributions of the males and females originally assigned to R. calatus are disjunct and where they overlap, that is, in Lago Calado, each is accompanied by its respective mate. Laboratory cultures showed that, as expected, copulation did not occur between males and females described originally as R. calatus. This experiment demonstrated the existence of reproductive isolating mechanisms between these females and males, and confirmed the existence of two distinct genetic pools, i.e. two different species, the original males being of the valid R. calatus and the female a new Notodiaptomus. This female and the corresponding newly discovered male are N. simillimus. The new species is closely related to N. coniferoides.     

Revision and reclassification of three Plasmopara species based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic data

Based on the results of morphological and DNA sequence (partial D1–D3/D7–D8 nuLSU and partial nuSSU-ITS1-5.8S rDNA) data, three species of Plasmopara are revised and reclassified. A species of Plasmopara parasitic on Scorzonera, invalidly published several times, is assigned to a new genus and species under Novotelnova scorzonerae. Plasmopara euphrasiae sp. nov. is segregated from P. densa, and P. centaureae-mollis is revised and relegated to synonymy of Bremia centaureae. All taxa are described and illustrated.     

Tilletiopsis derxii, Tilletiopsis oryzicola and Tilletiopsis penniseti, three new species of the ustilagionomycetous anamorphic genus Tilletiopsis isolated from leaves in Thailand

Four strains of ballistoconidium-forming yeast-like fungi (K-95, K-125, K-132 and K139), isolated from plants collected in Bangkok, Thailand, were assigned to the genus Tilletiopsis based on morphological and chemotaxonomical characteristics. On the basis of sequence data of 18S rDNA and the D1/D2 region of 26S rDNA, strains K-95, K-125 and K-132 were close to T. flava and T. fulvescens, and strain K-139 each formed related to T. minor. DNA-DNA reassociation experiments with related species revealed that strains K-125, K-132 and K-139 each formed a new and distinct species whereas strain K-95 was identified as T. flava. Tilletiopsis derxii Takashima et Nakase sp. nov. (JCM 10217^T; K-125), Tilletiopsis oryzicola Takashima et Nakase sp. nov. (JCM 10218^T; K-132), and Tilletiopsis penniseti Takashima et Nakase sp. nov. (JCM 10216^T; K-139) are the names proposed for the new taxa.     

青藏高原东缘的锈菌资料IV.悬钩子上一个类似柄锈菌的新锈菌

本文报告采自四川西部九寨沟自然保护区菰帽悬钩子(Rubus pileatus Focke)上的一个锈菌新种。标本上仅见冬孢子堆,冬孢子双胞,类似柄锈菌的冬孢子。由于未见性子器,属的地位尚难确定。然而,此菌的冬孢子堆外观酷似悬钩子植物上特有的单种属阿氏锈菌属(Arthuriomyces)。镜下观察测得孢子大小为40-55(-65) × 22-28 μm,孢壁厚度为3-4.5 μm,有细皱纹,每个细胞各具一芽孔。从芽孔数及位置看符合阿氏锈菌属的特征,因而将此菌暂隶于此属,命名为悬钩子生阿氏锈菌(Arthuriomyces rubicola sp. nov.)     

Two new species ofInocybe, sectionMarginatae (Agaricales, Cortinariaceae) from Japan

Two new species of the sectionMarginatae are described, namely,Inocybe populea sp. nov. andI. leptoclada sp. nov., from western Japan and eastern Japan, respectively.Inocybe leptoclada is assigned to sectionMarginatae, even though it lacks a marginate bulb.Inocybe populea is placed in the sectionMarginatae because of the presence of a marginate (often indistinct) bulbous base of stipe and the caulocystidia throughout. The discoveries ofI. leptoclada andI. populea provide further evidence that sectionMarginatae and sectionInocybe [=Cortinatae] are poorly defined.     

New species and records of saprophytic ascomycetes (Myxotrichaceae) from decaying logs in the boreal forest

Decayed wood from fallen white spruce (Picea glauca) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) collected in northeastern Alberta, Canada, was the source of new isolates of species in the ascomycete generaGymnostellatospora andPseudogymnoascus. In addition to new reports ofG. japonica, G. frigida andP. roseus, two new species are described.Gymnostellatospora canadensis sp. nov. resemblesG. japonica but differs in producing brown ascomata and in the formation of an arthroconidial anamorph.Gymnostellatospora subnuda sp. nov. is distinct in lacking differentiated peridial hyphae.Gymnostellatospora alpina was not found in decayed wood but is reviewed based on extralimital material. A dichtomous key to the five species ofGymnostellatospora is provided.     

Phylogenetic characterization of the purple sulfur bacterium Thiocapsa sp. BBS by analysis of the 16S rRNA, cbbL, and nifH genes and its description as Thiocapsa bogorovii sp. nov., a new species

Strain BBS, the purple sulfur bacterium assigned initially to the species Thiocapsa roseopersicina, is the best studied representative of this species. However, no molecular phylogenetic analysis has been performed to confirm its systematic position. Based on the results of analysis of the sequences of 16S rRNA, cbbL, and nifH genes, DNA-DNA hybridization with the T. roseopersicina type strain, and comparative analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of various species belonging to the genus Thiocapsa, we suggest that strain BBS should be assigned to a new species of the genus Thiocapsa, Thiocapsa bogorovii sp. nov. Original Russian Text ? T.P. Tourova, O.I. Keppen, O.L. Kovaleva, N.V. Slobodova, I.A. Berg, R.N. Ivanovsky, 2009, published in Mikrobiologiya, 2009, Vol. 78, No. 3, pp. 381–392.     

New taxa of Neosartorya and Aspergillus in Aspergillus section Fumigati

Three new species of Neosartorya and one new Aspergillus of section Fumigati are proposed using a polyphasic approach based on morphology, extrolite production and partial β-tubulin, calmodulin, and actin gene sequences. The phylogenetic analyses using the three genes clearly show that the taxa grouped separately from the known species and confirmed the phenotypic differences. Neosartorya denticulata is characterized by its unique denticulate ascospores with a prominent equatorial furrow; N. assulata by well developed flaps on the convex surface of the ascospores which in addition have two distinct equatorial crests and N. galapagensis by a funiculose colony morphology, short and narrow conidiophores and ascospores with two wide equatorial crests with a microtuberculate convex surface. Aspergillus turcosus can be distinguished by velvety, gray turquoise colonies and short, loosely columnar conidial heads. The four new taxa also have unique extrolite profiles, which contain the mycotoxins gliotoxin and viriditoxin in N. denticulate; apolar compounds provisionally named NEPS in N. assulata and gregatins in N. galapagensis. A. turcosus produced kotanins. N. denticulata sp. nov., N. assulata sp. nov., N. galapagensis sp. nov., and A. turcosus sp. nov. are described and illustrated. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Ammonites of Tethyan origin in the Ryazanian stage of the Russian platform: Genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Riasanella</Emphasis> gen. nov.

A new ammonite genus Riasanella is described from the Ryazanian Stage of the Russian Platform (type species R. rausingi sp. nov.). The new species R. plana sp. nov., R. olorizi sp. nov., and R. riasanitoides sp. nov. are described. These species come from the lower, strongly condensed beds of the Riasanites rjasanensis Zone of the Moscow Region. The upper subzone of this zone in the Ryazan Region contains specimens of Riasanella, identified in open nomenclature. The new genus is assigned to the family Himalayitidae; one of its species is a possible ancestor of Riasanites Spath.     

An adapid primate,sinoadapis, from lufeng,latest miocene,Yunnan, China

The paper deals with a new form ofSinoadapis from the Lufeng hominoid Locality, assigned toSinoadapis shihuibaensis sp. nov. Holotype PA 882 A fragment of right mandible with C,−M₃. Other materials. PA 903 A fragment of left maxilla with P³−M³. PA 959 Left lower tooth row with I₁−P², P₄. PA 902 Right upper tooth row with C′−P³. PA 964 An isolated left I¹. PA 907 An isolated right I³. PA 972 An isolated right M³.     

Taxonomic status of the species of the green algal genusNeochloris

Komárek has recently reviewed the various species assigned to the green algal genusNeochloris Starr (Chlorococcales, Chlorococcaceae) and removed those with uninucleate vegetative cells to a new genus,Ettlia. Watanabe & Floyd, unaware ofKomárek's work, also reviewed the species ofNeochloris and distributed them among three genera—Neochloris, Chlorococcopsis gen. nov., andParietochloris gen. nov.—on the basis of details of the covering of the zoospore and the arrangement of the basal bodies of the flagellar apparatus. This paper reconciles these two treatments and makes additional recommendations at the ranks of genus, family, order, and class.     

Selective isolation and characterisation of members of the Streptomyces violaceusniger clade associated with the roots of Paraserianthes falcataria

Large numbers of putatively novel streptomycetes were isolated from environmental samples collected from in and around the root system of the tropical angiosperm, Paraserianthes falcataria. Representative isolates were assigned to 37 multi-membered and 107 single membered colour groups based on their ability to form pigments on oatmeal and peptone yeast extract iron agars. The largest taxon, colour group 3, encompassed 94 isolates which had morphological properties typical of members of the Streptomyces violaceusniger clade. Twelve representatives of this taxon chosen on the basis of Curie-point pyrolysis mass spectrometric data were compared with representatives of the validly described species which constitute the Streptomyces violaceusniger clade. Six out of the twelve representative strains were readily distinguished from one another and from the marker strains using a combination of genotypic and phenotypic properties. These organisms were consequently considered to merit species status as Streptomyces asiaticus sp. nov., Streptomyces cangkringensis sp. nov., Streptomyces indonesiensis sp. nov., Streptomyces javensis sp. nov., Streptomyces rhizosphaerius sp. nov. and Streptomyces yogyakartensis sp. nov.     

Eight new species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Mycena</Emphasis> from central Honshu,Japan

Eight new species of the genus Mycena (Agaricales) found on dead leaves or twigs in warm temperate lowland forests are described and illustrated from central Honshu, Japan: (1) Mycena fonticola sp. nov. (section Fragilipedes); (2) Mycena intersecta sp. nov. (section Fragilipedes); (3) Mycena lanuginosa sp. nov. (section Fragilipedes); (4) Mycena mustea sp. nov. (section Fragilipedes); (5) Mycena multiplicata sp. nov. (section Mycena); (6) Mycena nidificata sp. nov. (section Hiemales); (7) Mycena fuscoaurantiaca sp. nov. (section Fragilipedes); and (8) Mycena clariviolacea sp. nov. (section Fragilipedes).     

Cronartium orientale, sp. nov., segregation of the pine gall rust in eastern Asia fromCronartium quercuum

The Asian pine gall rust, which has hitherto been assigned toCronartium quercuum distributed in North America, is described asC. orientale, sp. nov. The spermogonial and aecial states occur on hard pines, and the uredinial and telial states occur on various oaks.Cronartium orientale has globose, almost hyaline basidiospores in contrast to the ellipsoid, yellow-orange ones of North AmericanC. quercuum s.l. Characteristics of the new rust species in morphology, DNA analysis, and host alternation are discussed.     

Phylogenetic relationships among species ofWilliopsis andSaturnospora gen. nov. as determined from partial rRNA sequences

Phylogenetic relationships among those yeast species that form saturn-shaped ascospores and which are assigned to the generaWilliopsis andPichia were estimated from their extent of nucleotide sequence divergence in three regions of ribosomal RNA. ThePichia species (P. dispora, P. saitoi, P. zaruensis andP. sp. nov.) are a closely clustered group only distantly related toWilliopsis, and it is proposed that they be reassigned toSaturnospora gen. nov. The extent of divergence amongWilliopsis species (W. californica, W. mucosa, W. pratensis, W. saturnus andW. sp. nov.) is greater than that previously observed within other ascomycetous yeast genera.     

New species and a new combination in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hyphopichia</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Yarrowia</Emphasis> yeast clades

Three new species of Candida and a new combination in the genus Hyphopichia are proposed from phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide divergence in domains D1/D2 of the large subunit (26S) rDNA. The new taxa and their type strains are the following: Candida bentonensis sp. nov. (NRRL YB-2364, CBS 9994), Candida hispaniensis sp. nov. (NRRL Y-5580, CBS 9996), Candida pseudorhagii sp. nov. (NRRL YB-2076, CBS 9998) and Hyphopichia heimii comb. nov. (NRRL Y-7502, CBS 6139), basionym Pichia heimii Pignal. Phylogenetic analysis placed C. pseudorhagii and H. heimii in the Hyphopichia clade whereas C. bentonensis and C. hispaniensis are members of the Yarrowia clade.     

A new genus of Elateriform beetles (Coleoptera,Polyphaga) from the Jurassic of Daohugou,China

A new coleopteran genus, Parelateriformius, gen. nov., comprising the species P. communis, sp. nov., P. villosus, sp. nov., P. capitifossus, sp. nov., and P. mirabdominis, sp. nov., is described from Daohugou deposits, Inner Mongolia, China, and is assigned to the infraorder Elateriformia. The systematic position of the new genus within the suborder Polyphaga is discussed.     

Morphological description of three marine ciliates (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia), with establishment of a new genus and two new species

Three marine scuticociliates, Falcicyclidium fangi nov. gen., nov. spec., Falcicyclidium atractodes nov. spec., and Cristigera media Kahl, 1928 were investigated using live observation and silver impregnation methods. The genus Falcicyclidium is distinguished by the combination of: (i) dorsoventrally flattened body, (ii) hook-like (falciform) paroral membrane, (iii) anterior end of paroral membrane posterior to anterior end of membranelle 1, and (iv) multiple caudal cilia. Falcicyclidium fangi nov. spec., the type of the new genus, can be recognized by the combination of its large size, extremely dorsoventrally flattened (3:1) body, consistently 10 somatic kineties, and the broad, elongate buccal area occupying 60% of the body length. Falcicyclidium atractodes nov. spec. is mainly characterized by a unique spine projecting from both the anterior and posterior end. The uncommon form, Cristigera media is redescribed based on the population from Qingdao, the statistic data and additional features, especially the morphology of the living cells, are documented.