九龙江口河蚬体内寄生的3种盾盘吸虫的报道

2004年1月~2005年1月间,作者调查了闽南九龙江下游河蚬寄生的吸虫种类,在18808只河蚬中发现隶属于盾盘亚纲Subclass Aspidogastrea、腹盾科Aspidogastridae Poche,1907的3种吸虫:饭岛腹盾吸虫As-pidogaster ijimaiKawamura,1915,中华杯盾吸虫Cotylaspis sinensisFaustetTang,1936,东方簇盾吸虫Lopho-taspis orientalisFaustetTang,1936。其中饭岛腹盾吸虫和中华杯盾吸虫处于生殖器官尚未成熟的幼虫阶段。     

两种盾盘吸虫的生活史及吸虫纲系统发生的讨论

1．本文记述分布在我国的盾盘吸虫六种：贝居腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster conchicola K.Baer);黑龙江腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster amurensis Achmerov,1956);饭岛腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster ijimai Kawamura,1913);印度腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster indica Dayal,1943);中华杯盾吸虫(Cotylaspis sinensis Faust and Tang,1936)及东方簇盾吸虫(Lophotaspis orientalis Faust and Tang,1936)。对各虫种的形态特征作简单描述。2．印度腹盾吸虫的生殖细胞发生及早期胚胎发育经详细观察,本文简单介绍此种吸虫的精子及卵子发生、受精卵发育达到杯状蚴过程及各发育期的形态特点。3．本文报道东方簇盾吸虫的各发育期虫体的构造特征,并简单介绍杯状蚴侵入其贝类宿主的途径和寄生部位。4．本文对盾盘吸虫的分类及系统发生等问题进行讨论。     

斯氏狸殖吸虫神经系统的研究

斯氏狸殖吸虫(Pagumogonimus skrj abini Chen,1963)是人兽共患寄生虫之一,对人体健康危害很大。研究斯氏狸殖吸虫的神经结构,既可了解该吸虫的生理、生化及杀虫药物作用机制,又可为研究其它吸虫的神经解剖学提供借鉴。为此,我们应用乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)定位技术对斯氏狸殖吸虫的神经系统进行了研究。 斯氏狸殖吸虫经无菌生理盐水37℃培养24小时,用4℃ 10％福尔马林蔗糖液固定1—2小时,自来     

华支睾吸虫神经系统的乙酰胆碱酯酶定位

应用乙酰胆碱酯酶显示的华支睾吸虫神经构造十分清晰,呈左右对称排列。它由中枢神经节、神经连合、纵行神经干、神经联系以及双极和多极神经细胞所组成。中枢神经节位于咽下方的两侧,由粗大的神经连合相连。从中枢神经节向前伸出咽、前背、前腹、前侧4对神经干;向后伸出后背、后腹、后侧3对神经干。以后腹神经干为最粗大,并从其伸出分支分布于腹吸盘、消化道、卵黄腺和生殖器官。后3对纵行神经干又由许多横向神经联系将其互相连接构成神经网。体内广泛分布双极和多极神经细胞,前者较小,数目众多,而后者略大,数目较少。     

两种盾盘吸虫的生活史及吸虫纲系统发生的讨论

本文记述分布在我国的盾盘吸虫六种:贝居腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster conchicola K.Baer);黑龙江腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster amurensis Achmerov,1956);饭岛腹盾吸虫(Aspidogasterijimai Kawamura,1913);印度腹盾吸虫(Aspidogaster indica Dayal,1943);中华杯盾吸虫(Cotylaspis sinensis Faust and Tang,1936)及东方簇盾吸虫(Lophotaspis orientalis Faust and Tang,1936)。对各虫种的形态特征作简单描述。       

中国北方植绥螨二新种和二新纪录（蜱螨亚纲：植绥螨科）

本文记述采自中国北方滨海地区植绥螨二新种及二新纪录种。单毛盲走螨Typhlodromus,monosetus sp.nov.采自吉林长自山;凹胸盲走螨T.concavus sp.nov.采自山东省泰山。山葡萄钝绥螨Amblyseius vineaticus Wainstein及柞钝绥螨A.quaesitus Wainsteia et Begliarov均采自长白山,为中国新纪录。首次描述千山盲走螨T.qianshanensis Wu雄螨。     

毛绥螨属一新种和中国二新记录种：蜱螨亚纲：囊螨科

本文民述囊螨科Ａｓｃｉｄａｅ毛绥螨属Ｌａｓｉｏｓｅｉｕｓ Ｂｅｒｌｅｓｅ,１９１６的１新种－中国毛绥螨Ｌａｓｉｏｓｅｉｕｓ ｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎ。及中国２新记录种－细孔毛绥螨Ｌ．ｐｏｒｕｌｏｓｕｓ Ｄｅ Ｌｅｏｎ与茸毛绥螨Ｌ．ｌａｓｉｏｄａｃｔｙｌｉ Ｉｓｈｉｋａｗａ。新种模式标本保存于沈阳农业大学植物保护系。     

嫁Qi神经系统结构的初步研究

嫁Ｑｉ神经系统包括一对脑神经节,一对足神经节,一对侧神经节和一个脏神经节,左右脑神经节间有较长的神经联合,脑一足,脑一侧神经节间有较长的连索存在,各神经节均由三部分组成：神经节鞘膜,胞体区和神经纤维网。脑神经节相同类型神经元胞体聚集分布,其余神经神经元未见有明显分区和分层现象,神经元胞体直径一般不超过２０μｍ,这些特征与已确定的前鳃亚钢种类显著不同,可能与该种螺类处于系统演化中较低等地位有关。     

嫁神经系统结构的初步研究

嫁神经系统包括一对脑神经节、一对足神经节、一对侧神经节和一个脏神经节。左右脑神经节间有较长的神经联合,脑—足、脑—侧神经节间有较长的连索存在。各神经节均由三部分组成：神经节鞘膜、胞体区和神经纤维网。脑神经节相同类型神经元胞体聚集分布,其余神经节神经元未见有明显分区和分层现象。神经元胞体直径一般不超过２０μｍ,这些特征与已研究的前鳃亚纲种类显著不同,可能与该种螺类处于系统演化中较低等地位有关。     

Egg formation and the early embryonic development of Aspidogaster limacoides Diesing, 1835 (Aspidogastrea: Aspidogastridae), with comments on their phylogenetic significance

Ultrastructural aspects of the early embryonic development of the aspidogastrean Aspidogaster limacoides are described and their phylogenetic implications discussed. Whereas the proximal regions of the uterine lumen usually contain unembryonated eggs or eggs with early embryos, the posterior or distal regions of the uterus are filled with eggs containing a fully-developed cotylocidium. The eggs of A. limacoides can be classified as polylecithal due to the presence of numerous vitellocytes which accompany each fertilized oocyte or ovum during egg formation. The results of the study are described in details under six headings: (1) general characteristics of the intrauterine eggs; (2) eggshell and operculum formation; (3) unembryonated eggs; (4) zygote formation and early cleavage divisions; (5) embryonic envelope formation; and (6) early degeneration or apoptosis of some blastomeres. The late differentiation of the operculum, possible functions of GER-bodies, and the early degeneration of vitellocytes and some blastomeres in this species are compared, drawn and discussed with corresponding observations reported for other parasitic Platyhelminthes. The most important differences are apparent in the number of egg envelopes and their mode of formation in A. limacoides compared with previous reports for both digeneans and cestodes. The results of the present TEM study indicate that the three macromeres, resulting from two cleavage divisions, take part in the formation of a single embryonic outer envelope in A. limacoides, and that this takes place at a very early stage of embryogenesis. Their fusion results in the formation of a single continuous cytoplasmic layer surrounding the early embryo, which is composed of only a small number of undifferentiated blastomeres. The early separation of the macromeres may indicate an equal cleavage pattern. These results suggest that the systematic position of the Aspidogastrea among the Platyhelminthes still remains somewhat equivocal, and indicate the need for more studies on the embryonic development, larval morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny for the elucidation of the relationships between this enigmatic group and related taxa.     

Ciliary activity of cells of gill and leg glimmeral epithelium of Unionidae invaded by trematodes of Aspidogaster conchicola and Bucephalus polymorphus

The paper provides data concerning the influence of the parasitic worms Aspidogaster conchicola and Bucephalus polymorphus on the rate and duration of ciliary beating of gill and leg in 7 species of Unionidae (Unio conus borysthenicus, U. tumidus falcatulus, U. rostratus rostratus, U. limosus graniger, U. pictorum ponderosus, Colletopterum piscinale falcatum, C. ponderosum rumanicum). The high level of infection of molluscs with B. polymorphus oppresses the glimmeral epithelium activity of gill and leg (by 4.2-32.3%). The weak and moderate levels of infection of molluscs with B. polymorphus do not decrease the glimmeral epithelium activity and sometimes even rise it (by 3.4-8.1%). The presence of few A. conchicola (1-3 individuals) in the organism of mollusc does not change the functioning of glimmeral epithelium.     

Ultrastructure of spermatogenesis and sperm ofMulticotyle purvisi (Plathelminthes,Aspidogastrea)

Summary The ultrastructure of spermatogenesis is described for the first time in an aspidogastrean. The zone of differentiation which is usually formed during digenean spermiogenesis was not observed inMulticotyle purvisi. Instead, spermatid components are assembled within the common cytoplasmic mass before the outgrowth of spermatids. Microtubules, mitochondrion, nucleus and axonemes including their basal body regions, migrate from the cytoplasm into the spermatid which is pinched off at the level of the arching membrane. An unusual, complex structure of the basal body region is described. Intercentriolar bodies and striated rootlets are left behind and quickly disappear from the residual cytoplasm. Despite these atypical aspects, spermiogenesis results in the formation of mature sperm with the classical structure common to Digenea and Monogenea Polyopisthocotylea with the addition of some extra, non-cortical microtubules and a dense rod along part of the length of the sperm.Abbreviations used in the figures A cell type A, primary spermatogonium - AM arching membrane - AX axoneme - AZ attachment zone - B cell type B — spermatogonium - BB basal body region - C cell type C — spermatogonium - CEL central element - CI cisternae - CY cytophore - D cell type D — primary spermatocyte - DO doublet of microtubules - DR dark rod - E cell type E — multinucleate condensed cytophore - ER endoplasmic reticulum - G glycogen - GO Golgi body - I intercentriolar body - LB lamellate body - M mitochondrion - ME remnants of arching membranes - MT microtubules - N nucleus - R rootlet - S spermatid