从文献计量学角度评价我国干细胞产业发展历程

目的:通过分析我国有关干细胞科技论文被国际权威检索工具PubMed收录情况,评价我国干细胞领域的发展历程及应用前景。方法:应用文献计量学和数理统计方法对PubMed收录我国干细胞领域科技论文进行统计分析。结果:PubMed一共收录我国干细胞领域科技论文8039篇,其中中文文献2021篇,外文文献6018篇;北京、上海、广东、台湾四个地区发文量领先于其他地区;排名前三的发文机构为中山大学、上海交通大学和中国医学科学院北京协和医院;国际期刊分布中Biochem Biophys Res Commun、Biomaterials、PLoS One位列前三甲;国内期刊分布中中国实验血液学杂志、中国修复重建外科杂志、中华医学杂志位列前三甲;主题分布中高频主题词有间充质干细胞、骨髓细胞、造血干细胞,等;干细胞治疗疾病常见的有白血病、心肌梗死、肝肿瘤,等。结论:我国干细胞起步于1986年,于2000年后快速发展,发文量成几何倍数增长,干细胞的发展将对我国传统医疗手段和医疗观念造成一场重大的革命。     

The Role of Selenium in Arsenic and Cadmium Toxicity: an Updated Review of Scientific Literature

Biological Trace Element Research - Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are elements arousing major public health concerns associated with environmental pollution, high toxicity potential, and...     

European Non-Communicable Respiratory Disease Research, 2002-13: Bibliometric Study of Outputs and Funding

This study was conducted in order to map European research in chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). It was intended to assist the European Commission and other research funders to identify gaps and overlaps in their portfolios, and to suggest ways in which they could improve the effectiveness of their support and increase the impact of the research on patient care and on the reduction of the incidence of the CRDs. Articles and reviews were identified in the Web of Science on research in six non-communicable respiratory diseases that were published in 2002–13 from 31 European countries. They represented only 0.8% of biomedical research output but these diseases accounted for 4.7% of the European disease burden, as measured by Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), so the sub-field is seriously under-researched. Europe is prominent in the sub-field and published 56% of the world total, with the UK the most productive and publishing more than France and Italy, the next two countries, combined. Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) were the diseases with the most publications and the highest citation rates. They also received the most funding, with around two acknowledgments per paper (in 2009–13), whereas cystic fibrosis and emphysema averaged only one. Just over 37% of papers had no specific funding and depended on institutional support from universities and hospitals.     

Harmonic Allocation of Authorship Credit: Source-Level Correction of Bibliometric Bias Assures Accurate Publication and Citation Analysis

Authorship credit for multi-authored scientific publications is routinely allocated either by issuing full publication credit repeatedly to all coauthors, or by dividing one credit equally among all coauthors. The ensuing inflationary and equalizing biases distort derived bibliometric measures of merit by systematically benefiting secondary authors at the expense of primary authors. Here I show how harmonic counting, which allocates credit according to authorship rank and the number of coauthors, provides simultaneous source-level correction for both biases as well as accommodating further decoding of byline information. I also demonstrate large and erratic effects of counting bias on the original h-index, and show how the harmonic version of the h-index provides unbiased bibliometric ranking of scientific merit while retaining the original''s essential simplicity, transparency and intended fairness. Harmonic decoding of byline information resolves the conundrum of authorship credit allocation by providing a simple recipe for source-level correction of inflationary and equalizing bias. Harmonic counting could also offer unrivalled accuracy in automated assessments of scientific productivity, impact and achievement.     

2001-2010 年MEDLINE 收录福建省医疗机构科技论文文献计量学分析

目的:通过分析福建省医疗机构科技论文被国际权威检索工具MEDLINE收录情况,以评价福建省各医疗机构的科研水平和学术地位.方法:应用文献计量学和数理统计方法对2001-2010年MEDLINE收录的福建省医疗机构科技论文进行统计分析.结果:近10年MEDLINE一共收录福建省医疗机构科技论文1385篇,包括中文文献908篇,英文文献477篇,国内刊物发表文献1085篇,国外刊物发表文献300篇,其中美国、英格兰、荷兰位列国外出版刊物前三;发文机构中,福建医科大学附属协和医院、南京军区福州总医院、福建医科大学附属第一医院位列前三;发文地区分布主要集中在福厦泉漳医疗事业发达地区,地区分布不均衡;论文合作率达98.3％,论文合作度达5.21.结论:近10年来,福建省医疗机构科研水平发展总体处在上升的趋势,但地区分布不平衡,且外文文献和国外刊物发文文献所占比例较少.     

Data Do Not Speak for Themselves: The Role of Data in Scientific Controversies

This article presents a learning cycle with the aim of helping students understand the evidentiary basis of scientific claims. Students consider data and interpretations as used to support contradictory views in the debate surrounding the causal relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Students apply their understandings of the role of data to explorations of other scientific controversies.     

综述: 线粒体自噬在低氧适应中的作用

低氧是一种典型的应激环境,细胞在低氧条件下能量和氧化代谢发生改变,其中线粒体产生的大量活性氧严重威胁细胞的存活．线粒体自噬是近年来被发现的细胞适应低氧的一种适应性代谢反应．细胞在低氧条件下能通过上调低氧诱导因 子1(HIF-1),激活BNIP3/BNIP3L及Beclin-1介导的通路诱导线粒体自噬,最终减少ROS的产生,促进细胞的存活,使机体产生低氧适应．综述了线粒体自噬在低氧适应中的作用及其机制．     

Bibliometric Analysis of Phytotechnologies for Remediation: Global Scenario of Research and Applications

Phytoremediation is often a low cost alternative to conventional remediation. To assess trends, a bibliometric approach using data from SciVerse Scopus, SciVerseHub, and GoogleTM Trends was used. Globally there is a linear increase in publications containing the word phytoremediation as a percent of all published papers in SciVerse Hub, with China, India, and the Philippines concentrating relatively more research in phytoremediation. Furthermore there was an inverse correlation between a country's Human Development Index (HDI) and a country's phytoremediation research output as a percent of total research. Results show a focus on phytoremediation in countries with low HDI values. This suggests that academic experts are available for advancing phytoremediation applications in countries where the majority of the effected population do not have the education, finances, and political leverage to obtain expensive conventional remediation efforts on their land. Phytoremediation can combine expert advice with affected parties commitment and labor to help mitigate the harms of polluted landscapes.     

基于CiteSpace计量分析的景观绩效研究重点领域和前沿趋势的文献述评

景观绩效研究为支撑、评价和指导景观实践提供重要科学依据。随着相关研究文献数量的大幅增长,传统文献梳理方式难以客观把握当前研究内容的宽度与深度。CiteSpace作为当前文献信息可视化分析的主要工具,为挖掘研究知识的网络结构和前沿动向提供技术支持。以Web of Science数据库所收录2000—2017年的景观绩效文献为研究对象,通过计量分析和人工检阅结合的述评方式,客观定量地呈现当前景观绩效研究的文献概况和发展脉络,进而系统揭示景观绩效研究的七大重点领域和两大前沿方向,为拓展中国当前研究内容和明确未来发展方向提供参考,以期推动中国景观绩效研究的进一步发展。     

Academic Impact of Qualitative Studies in Healthcare: Bibliometric Analysis

Context

Although qualitative studies are becoming more appreciated in healthcare, the number of publications of quality studies remains low. Little is known about the frequency and characteristics of citation in qualitative studies.

Objective

To compare the academic impact of qualitative studies to that of two quantitative studies: systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials.

Methods

Publications in BMJ between 1997 and 2006 (BMJ’s median impact factor was 7.04 during this period) employing qualitative methods were matched to two quantitative studies appearing the same year using PubMed. Using Web of Science, citations within a 24-month publication period were determined. Additionally, three hypotheses were examined: qualitative studies are 1) infrequently cited in original articles or reviews; 2) rarely cited by authors in non-English-speaking countries; and 3) more frequently cited in non-medical disciplines (e.g., psychology or sociology).

Results

A total of 121 qualitative studies, 270 systematic reviews, and 515 randomised controlled trials were retrieved. Qualitative studies were cited a total of 1,089 times, with a median of 7.00 times (range, 0–34) for each study. Matched systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials were cited 2,411times and 1,600 times, respectively. With respect to citing documents, original articles and reviews exceeded 60% for each study design. Relative to quantitative studies, qualitative studies were cited more often by authors in English-speaking countries. With respect to subject area, medical disciplines were more frequently cited than non-medical disciplines for all three study designs (>80%).

Conclusion

The median number of citations for qualitative studies was almost the same as the median of BMJ’s impact factor during the survey period. For a suitable evaluation of qualitative studies in healthcare, it will be necessary to develop a reporting framework and include explicit discussions of clinical implications when reporting findings. Coordination between researchers and editors will be needed to achieve this goal.     

The Evolution of Dental Journals from 2003 to 2012: A Bibliometric Analysis

Bibliometrics are a set of methods, which can be used to analyze academic literature quantitatively and its changes over time. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate trends related to academic performance of dental journals from 2003 to 2012 using bibliometric indices, and 2) monitor the changes of the five dental journals with the highest and lowest impact factor (IF) published in 2003. Data for the subject category "Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine" was retrieved from the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) published from 2003 to 2012. Linear regressions analysis was used to determine statistical trends over the years with each bibliometric indicator as the dependent variable and the JCR year as the predictor variable. Statistically significant rise in the total number of dental journals, the number of all articles with the steepest rise observed for research articles, the number of citations and the aggregate IF was observed from 2003 to 2012. The analysis of the five top and five bottom-tire dental journals revealed a rise in IF however, with a wide variation in relation to the magnitude of this rise. Although the IF of the top five journals remained relatively constant, the percentile ranks of the four lowest ranking journals in 2003 increased significantly with the sharpest rise being noted for the British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. This study revealed significant growth of dental literature in absolute terms, as well as upward trends for most of the citation-based bibliometric indices from 2003 to 2012.     

The cardiac ryanodine receptor: Looking for anomalies in permeation properties

Anomalies in the permeation properties of the cardiac RyR channel reconstituted into bilayer lipid membranes were investigated systematically. We tested the presence of the anomalous mole fraction effect (AMFE) for the ion conductance and the reversal potential with varying mole fractions of two permeant ions, while the total ion concentration was lower, as in previous studies, to avoid the masking effect of the channel pore saturation with ions. Mixtures of Ba²⁺ with other divalents (Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺), of Ca²⁺ with monovalents (Li⁺, Cs⁺), and of Na⁺ with other monovalents (Cs⁺, Li⁺) were used. We revealed a clear anomaly only for the ion conductance measured in the Na⁺-Cs⁺ and Ca²⁺-Li⁺ mixtures as computed by a Poisson-Nernst-Planck/density functional theory (PNP/DFT) model. Furthermore, we found a significant minimum in the concentration dependence of the reversal potential determined under Li⁺/Ca²⁺ bi-ionic conditions. Our study led to new observations that may have important implications for understanding the mechanisms involved in ion handling in the RyR channel pore; furthermore our results could be useful for further validation of ion permeation models developed for the RyR channel.     

Role of Zinc in Hemostasis: A Review

Zinc is a multi-functional element that is found in almost 300 enzymes where it performs catalytic, co-catalytic, and/or structural functions. In 1982, Gordon et al. (Am J Clin Ntr 35:849–857, 1982) found that a low zinc diet caused poor platelet aggregation and increased bleeding tendency in adult males. This fact drew interest to the role of zinc in blood clotting. It has been shown that hyperzincemia predisposes to increased coagulability, and hypozincemia to poor platelet aggregation and increased bleeding time. The blood clotting disturbances can be regressed by appropriate zinc intake management. Considering the importance of zinc as an essential element, its participation in regulation of the equilibrium between pro- and anti-thrombotic factors originating in platelets and endothelium prompted further investigations.