三种鳞伞属(Pholiota)真菌的菌丝生物学特性初步研究

研究了多脂鳞伞(Pholiota adiposa)、翘鳞伞(P.squarrosa)和多脂翘鳞伞(P.squarroso-adiposa)三种鳞伞属真菌的菌丝生物学特性。结果表明,多脂鳞伞和翘鳞伞菌丝生长的最适碳源为麦芽糖;多脂翘鳞伞最适碳源为蔗糖和麦芽糖。多脂鳞伞和翘鳞伞最适氮源均为牛肉膏和酵母膏;而多脂翘鳞伞最佳氮源为酵母膏和蛋白胨。三种菌丝生长的最适温度均为25℃。多脂鳞伞在pH值6~8均生长良好,最适pH值7~8,偏碱性;翘鳞伞和多脂翘鳞伞最适pH值均为6~7。     

中国鳞伞属鳞伞亚属新记录种

报道了中国鳞伞属鳞伞亚属3个新记录种,即冷杉鳞伞Pholiota abietis、柠檬鳞伞P.limonella以及空囊鳞伞P.scabella,并提供详尽的形态描述和线条图。研究标本存放在吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)。     

中国鳞伞属拟火菇亚属新记录种

报道了中国鳞伞属Pholiota拟火菇亚属Subgen. Flammuloides的3个新记录种：暗红褐鳞伞P. decorata、黄盘鳞伞P. fulvodisca和杂纹鳞伞P. virgata,并提供详尽的形态描述和线条图。研究标本存放于吉林农业大学菌物标本馆（HMJAU）。     

鳞伞属国内新记录种

本文报道了吉林省产鳞伞属七个国内新纪录种,它们是黄缘鳞伞;Pholiota hiemalis Smith;颗粒鳞伞Phol.granulosa(Peck)Smith;粗糙鳞伞Phol.confragosa(Fr.)Krast.;小鳞鳞伞Phol.squamulosa(Murr.)Kauff.;奇味鳞伞Phol.graveolens(Peck)Smith;多脂翘鳞伞Phol.squ-arroso-adiposa Lange;纹饰鳞伞Phol.decorata(Murr.)Smith。     

采自内蒙古和黑龙江的中国鳞伞属新记录

报道采自内蒙古和黑龙江的中国鳞伞属Pholiota新记录3种,即阿拉巴马鳞伞Pholiota alabamensis、变黄鳞伞Pholiota flavescens和暗黄鳞伞Pholiota pseudosiparia。研究标本存放在吉林农业大学菌物标本馆（HMJAU）。     

采自长白山的中国鳞伞属新记录

报道了采自吉林省长白山地区的中国鳞伞属 Pholiota新记录4种,即毕格劳鳞伞Pholiota bigelowii、密生鳞伞Pholiota condensa、群生鳞伞Pholiota gregariiformis和酒红褐鳞伞Pholiota vinaceobrunnea,并提供详尽的形态描述和线条图。研究标本存放在吉林农业大学菌物标本馆（HMJAU）。     

广东鳞伞属的研究初报

本文报导广东鳞伞属Pholiota(Fr.)Kummer 12种,其中1个新种,6个国内新纪录种。新种是短柄鳞伞Phollota brevipes Bi。     

海南省裸伞属新种和中国新记录

本文报道了海南省裸伞属（Gymnopilus Karsten)的1个新种和3个中国新记录种。该新种为海南裸伞（Gymnopilus hainanensis T.H.Li et W.M.Zhang)。新记录种为栎裸伞（Gymnopilus dryophilus Murrill),厄尔裸伞（G.earlei Murrill)和细鳞裸伞（G.parvisquamulosus Hesler),所有标本保藏于广东省微生物研究所真菌标本室（HMIGD）内。     

广东省杯伞属的分组及三个新种

本文报道了广东地区杯伞属Clitocybe(Fr.)Staude的3个新种及5个国内新记录。3个新种是:拟褶杯伞Clitocybe pseudo-phyllophila Bi et zheng,sp.nov.,鳞杯伞Clitocybe furfuracea Bi sp.nov以及亚白杯伞Clitocybe subcandicans Bi sp.nov.。并附与种和种所属分组的检索表。     

中国的球盖菇科(一)鳞伞属

通过对中科院微生物研究所真菌与地衣开放实验室标本馆(HMAS)、昆明植物研究所隐花植物标本馆(HKAS)、广东微生物研究所标本馆(HMIGD)和吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)的443份标本的宏观形态和微观结构的观察,报道了中国鳞伞属真菌31种和2变种,其中包括1新变种,即白小圈齿鳞伞凸顶变种[Pholiota albocrenulata(Pk.)Sacc.var.conicaTolgor];1中国新记录种,即黄褶鳞伞[Pholiota luteofolia(Pk.)Sacc.]和10省级新记录种,即多脂鳞伞[Pholiota adiposa(Fr.)Kumm.](广东)、白小圈齿鳞伞[Pholiota albocrenulata(Pk.)Sacc.](黑龙江)、少鳞黄鳞伞[Pholiota alnicola(Fr.)Sing.](黑龙江)、黄褐鳞伞[Pholiota fulvella(Pk.)Smithet Hesl.](内蒙古)、地生鳞伞[Pholiota highlandensis(Pk.)Smith et Hesl.](云南)、黏皮鳞伞[Pholiota lubrica(Fr.)Sing.](四川)、毛腿鳞伞[Pholiota mutabilis(Fr.)Kumm.](四川)、多脂翘鳞伞(Pholiota squarroso-adiposaLange)(黑龙江)、亚苦鳞伞[Pholiota subamaraSmith et Hesl.)(广东)、地毛柄鳞伞[Pholiota terrigena(Fr.)Karst.](内蒙古)。对每个种进行了详尽的形态学描述并提供显微线条图,编写了中国鳞伞属分亚属和分种检索表。将库恩菇属(KuehneromycesSing.et Smith)和火菇属[Flammula(Fr.)Kumm.]并入鳞伞属中。将Gymnopilus luteofolius(Pk.)Sing.和刺毛暗皮伞[Phaeomarasmius erinaceellus(Pk.)Sing.]放入鳞伞属中进行讨论;认为应将金毛鳞伞[Pholiotaaurivella(Fr.)Kumm.]、多脂翘鳞伞和地毛柄鳞伞作为独立的种处理;将Pholiota malicola(Kauff.)Smith作为Pholiota alnicola(Fr.)Sing.的同物异名;将皱盖鳞伞[Pholiota rugosa(Pk.)sing.]划入微鳞伞属(PholiotinaFayod)属中。并讨论了鳞伞属与相关的属之间形态学差异,列出了存疑种的名录。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.