棉铃虫核型多角体病毒p40基因序列分析

克隆了棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera）单粒包埋型核型多角体病毒（HaSNPV）基因组HindⅢ-H,J片段,其长度分别为10kb和6．7kb。通过对克隆片段末端测序,得到HaSNPV p40基因全序列。p40基因编码区全长966bp,预计可编码36.kD的多肽。HaSNPVp40基因核苷酸序列与HzSNPVp40基因有98％的相同性,这两种基因与BmNPVp40（GenBank-L33180）和AcMNPVgp41(GenBank-L22858)的在酸序列相似性43％左右,但四种蛋白对应于HzSNPVp40,HaSNPVp40的28－277氨基酸区域,同源性高达62％,并且存在一个保守的亲水性结构域,进一步将在基因组中相邻的Hind Ⅲ-H、J两片段用BamHⅠ、EcoRⅠ、HinⅢ、PstⅠ四种限制性切酶进行了分析。     

斜纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒p74基因的克隆和序列分析

用AcNPV p74基因3′端的1.4kb片段,通过Southern blotting将SpltNPV的p74基因定位于XhoI(4 .9kb)、EcoRI(4.4kb)、BamHI(3.0kb)片段上。进一步用ExoⅢ和构建亚克隆测序法, 对长2545bp的p74基因进行了序列分析,其中1974bp的编码区编码658个氨基酸,蛋白分子量约75.87kD,其编码蛋白与AcMNPV和CfMNPV p74蛋白的氨基酸序列同源性分别为64%和63%。     

水稻线粒体DNA酶切带型研究

水稻IR36线粒体DNA经6种限制酶酶切,用脉冲电泳和长距离琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离酶切片段,获得高分辨率的清晰带型。每组酶切片段加和测得水稻IR36线粒体基因组大小分别为227kb(HindⅢ)、253kb(EcoRⅠ)、253kb(XhoⅠ)、294kb(BamHⅠ)、239kb(SalⅠ)和283kb(xbal)采用9个来自水稻和玉米线粒体基因组的基因探针与酶切条带杂交发现,水稻线粒体基因组含有包括编码基因在内的重复顺序。     

灰斑古毒蛾核型多角体病毒三个晚期表达因子基因

将灰斑古毒蛾(Orgyia ericae)单粒包埋型核型多角体病毒(OrerSNPV)基因组DNA的各EcoRI酶切片段进行克隆和测序.序列分析结果表明EcoRI-M(3.0kb)与EcoRI-P片段(2.2kb)相连处含有编码晚期表达因子(LEF-2)的开放阅读框(ORF).同时在EcoRI-E(约10kb)片段两端分别含有lef-3和lef-11基因的部分序列.lef-2基因编码区由648bp组成,可编码216个氨基酸残基的多肽,预计蛋白质分子量为23.7kDa.将OrerSNPVLEF-2氨基酸序列与其它已知的27种杆状病毒的LEF-2序列比较,发现OrerSNPV与其它鳞翅目NPV LEF-2氨基酸有35%～49%同源性,其中与BusuSNPV、MaMNPV-A、HezeSNPV、HearSNPV和LdMNPV同源性最高,和GV有26%～31%同源性,与膜翅目松柏锯角叶蜂NPV的同源性为32%,与库蚊杆状病毒的同源性只有23%.根据氨基酸序列绘制的分子进化树表明28种杆状病毒lef-2基因可以分为鳞翅目NPV、GV、膜翅目NeseNPV与双翅目Culex nigripalpus Baculovirus四个分支.OrerSNPVlef-2与BusuSNPV在进化树上关系最为接近,而OrerSNPVlf-3和LdMNPV的最接近,OrerSNPVlef-11则和SeMNPV的关系最接近.     

武夷菌素产生菌Fosmid文库的构建及文库探针的获得

以不吸水链霉菌武夷变种CK-15为材料,提取基因组DNA,经Sau 3A Ⅰ部分酶切后回收35-40 kb之间的片段,连接到pCC1FOS载体上,经过包装转染涂布后构建得到了CK-15基因组的Fosmid文库,文库的滴度为8.8×105CFU/mL.随机挑取16个阳性克隆,经EcoR Ⅰ和Hind Ⅲ双酶切电泳分析,样品插入片段平均长度大于35 kb,插入率为100%,符合构建文库的要求.根据多氧霉素、尼克霉素生物合成基因及大环内酯类聚酮合成酶基因(PKS)设计特异性引物,以基因组为模板进行PCR扩增,筛选特异性引物探针.结果用大环内酯类聚酮合成酶基因设计引物扩增出1 693 bp的片段经Blast比对其与大环内酯类抗生素生物合成基因相似性为95%以上.武夷菌素产生菌CK-15 Fosmid文库的构建及文库探针的获得,为武夷菌素生物合成基因的克隆奠定了基础.     

油菜叶绿体基因组雄性不育特异DNA片段的定位

实验选用油菜湘矮不育系及同核保持系叶绿体DNA为材料,用4种限制性内切酶EcoRⅠ、BamHⅠ、PstⅠ和SmaⅠ完全酶解。在EcoRⅠ酶解的保持系ctDNA图式中,观察到唯一的差异片段E3.2kb。将此片段连接于载体pUC9进行克隆,经克隆杂交及电泳分析鉴定,获得重组子。以rRNA基因为探针,与EcoRⅠ酶解的保持系ctDNA杂交,其中一条阳性带显示在差异片段E3.2。进一步以E3.2片段为探针,与经过限制酶BamHⅠ、EcoRⅠ、salⅠ、BgⅢ、HindⅢ和PstⅠ酶解后的rRNA基因反杂交。根据rRNA基因图谱,这一与不育性有关的E3.2kb片段被定位于距16S rRNA基因5'端+2.0至+5.4kb的前导序列中。此结果表明,这段可能与花粉育性形成有关的片段定位于叶绿体基因组反向重复区。     

苏云金芽胞杆菌大质粒pBMB165的克隆与分析

以pBeloBAC11为载体,成功构建了苏云金芽胞杆菌YBT-1765的基因组人工染色体(BAC)文库和质粒BAC文库.根据已克隆的包含复制子ori165在内的3.6kb片段中编码复制蛋白Rep165的核苷酸序列设计探针,通过染色体步移方式,对质粒文库和基因组文库进行筛选,得到13个覆盖YBT-1765菌株中质粒pBMB165不同区域的克隆子.通过Hind Ⅲ和BamH Ⅰ酶切分析,建立了质粒pBMB165的物理图谱和线状重叠连锁图,并测算出该质粒的大小为82kb.根据部分核苷酸序列初步统计了pBMB165上转座因子的存在机率.YBT-1765菌株基因组文库的构建和物理图谱的绘制为克隆苏云金芽胞杆菌大质粒提供了一套可行的方案,成功解决了大质粒难克隆的问题.     

鼻咽癌恶性转化基因Tx中3.0kb片段序列分析

从中国人鼻咽癌细胞株 CNE2中克隆分离出的恶性转化基因 Tx,其基因长度为 1 6kb.在对其中 2 .8kb片段测序的基础上 ,对其中 Xho /Eco R 长度约 3.0 kb的片段 ( Tx3.0 )进一步进行了测序 ,并利用生物信息学技术分析认为 ,Tx3.0与人类免疫球蛋白 kappa( Igκ)轻链基因高度同源 ,并直接映射于 J区 .Tx3.0中除有编码免疫球蛋白 kappa链的 J2、J3、J4及 J5基因片段外 ,在各个片段间不仅有 TATA box、CAAT box和 Poly A等经典的调控序列 ,还有 NF- IL6的反应元件、某些转录因子的识别序列、以及核基质结合序列等 .据此以及 2 .8kb序列的分析结果 ,对 Tx3.0下游 1 .0 kb片段序列进行了预测 .对 Tx3.0基因片段的研究为进一步研究 Tx基因在鼻咽癌发病中的作用 ,提供了重要信息 .     

灰斑古毒蛾核型多角体病毒三个晚期表达因子基因

将灰斑古毒蛾(Orgyiaericae)单粒包埋型核型多角体病毒(OrerSNPV)基因组DNA的各EcoRI酶切片段进行克隆和测序。序列分析结果表明EcoRI-M(3．0kb)与EcoRI-P片段(2．2kb)相连处含有编码晚期表达因子(LEF-2)的开放阅读框(ORF)。同时在EcoRI-E(约10kb)片段两端分别含有ref-3和lef-11基因的部分序列。lef-2基因编码区由648bp组成,可编码216个氨基酸残基的多肽,预计蛋白质分子量为23．7kDa。将OrerSNPVLEF-2氨基酸序列与其它已知的27种杆状病毒的LEF．2序列比较,发现OrerSNPV与其它鳞翅目NPVLEF．2氨基酸有35％-49％同源性,其中与BusuSNPV,MaMNPV-A,HezeSNPV、Hear3NPV和LdMNPV同源性最高,和GV有26％-31％同源性,与膜翅目松柏锯角叶蜂NPV的同源性为32％,与库蚊杆状病毒的同源性只有23％。根据氨基酸序列绘制的分子进化树表明28种杆状病毒lef-2基因可以分为鳞翅目NPV、GV、膜翅目NeseNPV与双翅目Culex nigripalpus Baculovirus四个分支。oret SNPV lef-2与BUSUsnpv在进化树上关系最为接近,而orerSNPV lef-3和LdMNPV的最接近,OrerSNPV lef-11则和SeMNPV的关系最接近。     

用PCR扩增和克隆鸡传染性贫血病毒全基因组DNA

根据已发表的序列,分别在鸡贫血病毒(CAV)环形基因组DNA(全长2.3kb)的EcoRI位点和BamHI位点的两侧选择适当序列合成两对引物,用PCR技术,从斑点杂交检测到病毒核酸的CAV感染的MDCC-RP1细胞基因组DNA中,分别扩增出包含EcoRI和BamHI分割开的病毒基因组两部分(1.5kb和0.8kb)约1.5kb和约1.25kb的两个片段.再将其中相应序列拼接克隆进pUC18载体,获得包含CAV全基因组序列DNA片段的克隆质粒pCAV2.4.酶切分析表明,该质粒具有预期的BamHI位点、PstI位点、HindⅢ位点,而预期的EcoRI位点消失.重组质粒插入DNA片段的两端序列分析表明,质粒pCAV2.4是包含CAV全基因组序列的重组质粒,插入DNA片段序列中的EcoRI位点序列发生了一个碱基突变.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.