Toxic effect of endocytobionts fromDermacentor reticulatus ticks in three tick species after in vivo application

The endocytobionts from ovaries of partially engorged femaleDermacentor reticulatus ticks, inoculated intracoelomally into females of three tick species,D. reticulatus, Ixodes ricinus andHaemaphysalis inermis, caused considerable morphological alterations in the examined cells and tissues of the synganglion, fat body, tracheal complex and ovary of these recipients.     

Toxic effect of lithium in mouse brain

The effect of lithium ion on glucose oxidation in the cerebrum and cerebellum of mice was measured in vitro by the conversion of isotopic glucose into 14CO2/mg wet weight. Glucose utilization is unaffected by lowest lithium dosage but is inhibited by high lithium concentrations (197-295 mM). Chronic administration of lithium to adult mice decreased the DNA content of the cerebrum and cerebellum at concentrations of 80 and 108 mM. The DNA content of selected postnatal stages of cerebrum and cerebellum was measured starting on Day 1 or 2. This served as another parameter to evaluate glucose oxidation studies at these ages. On the basis of wet weight, both brain parts of neonates of ages 1 and 10 days were approximately one-half that of the adult counterparts. On the basis of DNA content, the cerebrum enhanced its glucose utilization twofold from Day 1 to Day 10 and tripled its utilization from Day 10 to Day 20. The glucose utilization by cerebrum at Day 20 is similar to adult values. In contrast, glucose oxidation in the cerebellum remained relatively constant throughout the postnatal growth. The relative susceptibility of the two brain parts is discussed.     

Toxic effect of alantolactone and dihydroalantolactone in in vitro cultures of leukocytes.

Alantolactone, an allergenic sesquiterpene lactone, is toxic to leukocytes in in vitro cultures. Cell (1 X 10(6) cells/ml of culture) stimulation by pokeweed mitogen (PWM) decreases with increasing amounts of terpene. A concentration of 1 mug/ml of culture decreases stimulation by 50%. The reduced terpene, dihydro-11,13-alantolactone (DHA) is also toxic. A concentration of 1.7 mug/ml of culture of DHA brings about a 50% decrease in stimulation. Both compounds affect cell viability as measured by dye exclusion. It is suggested that the toxicity of alantolactone is not due to the presence of the alpha-methylene group conjugated to the carbonyl function of the gamma-lactone system.     

Toxic effect of lead on fertility of inbred strain mice.

Males of inbred strains were orally given lead acetate water solution during 150 days. Changes were found in the structure of the seminiferous tubules and in spermatozoa. The pathological changes in Leydig cells brought about a decline in levels of androgens.     

白蝴蝶挥发油对蚜虫的驱避作用及其化学成分

室内用四臂嗅觉仪测试白蝴蝶(Syngonium podophyllum)挥发油对红桃蚜(Myzus persicae)、萝卜(Lipaphis erysimi)和瓜蚜(A[jos gossypii)无翅蚜行为选择的干扰作用．结果表明,在所测试的浓度下,白蝴蝶挥发油对瓜蚜和萝卜蚜有显著的驱避效果,与对照比较,供试蚜虫较少选择处理区,在处理区的停留时间比对照明显缩短;所测试的浓度对红桃蚜无驱避作用．进一步采用气相色谱质谱联用技术对白蝴蝶挥发油进行了成份分析．表明该挥发油小分子主要成份是羰基化合物、脂肪酸和烃．     

几丁质合成抑制剂除虫脲对中华稻蝗的毒性效应研究

为研究几丁质合成抑制剂除虫脲对不同龄期中华稻蝗若虫的毒性效应,将除虫脲用丙酮溶解,稀释至不同浓度,点滴法处理试虫.结果表明除虫脲对2、3龄中华稻蝗若虫具有一定的毒性效应,试虫出现因蜕皮困难而死亡的现象,且影响其进食和增重.     

镉污染对水鳖的毒害影响

研究分析了不同浓度Cd^2 对水鳖叶片叶绿素含量、SOD、CAT、POD活性以及超微结构的影响。结果表明,叶绿素含量、SOD、CAT、POD添生均随Cd^2 浓度的增加而先升后降。电镜观察发现,Cd^2 处理下,细胞核变形,核仁解体,染色质凝集;类囊体片层膨胀,叶绿体双层膜破裂,线粒体中嵴突减少或消失,线粒体空泡化。     

Toxic effect of troglitazone on cultured rat hepatocytes

We examined the cytotoxicity of troglitazone toward cultured rat hepatocytes. The drug concentration- and time-dependently decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase leakage from the cells. Troglitazone-induced cell death was characterized by "DNA ladders", condensation of nuclei, and a positive reaction to in situ nick-end labeling. The results indicate that troglitazone can cause apoptotic cell death in cultured rat hepatocytes.