从一例多细菌协同性坏疽的标本中分离到肉杆菌细菌

从一例多细菌协同性坏疽患者的临床标本中分离到了一株革兰氏阳性杆菌Ｙ６ 菌株,使用常规方法不能鉴定,通过１６ＳｒＤＮＡ 序列分析和同源性检索发现Ｙ６ 菌株１６ＳｒＤＮＡ与肉杆菌属的同源性较高,为９３ ％ ～９７ ％ 。其中１６ＳｒＤＮＡ 的特征序列也和肉杆菌属的相同。其它性状也和肉杆菌属的特征相似,但和已经报道的种有明显区别。因此认为Ｙ６ 菌株可能是肉杆菌属的一个新种,暂命名为肉杆菌样细菌。     

具细菌群体感应抑制活性海洋细菌的筛选鉴定

目的:从海洋环境中筛选对细菌群体感应有抑制作用的活性菌株,为以致病菌群体感应系统为靶点的新型疗法提供新的药用资源。方法:从海水中分离纯化细菌菌株,采用根癌农杆菌平板筛选模型筛选细菌群体感应抑制活性细菌,对筛选出的海洋细菌进行生理生化和16S rDNA序列测定,根据《伯杰氏手册》进行菌种分类鉴定。结果:从217株海洋细菌中筛选出1株能显著抑制细菌群体感应效应的海洋细菌Y2,该海洋细菌具有蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)的典型特征,其16S rDNA序列与GenBank中蜡样芽孢杆菌16S rDNA的部分序列有100%的同源性。结论:海洋环境中也存在具有抑制细菌群体感应活性的微生物。     

细菌群体感应抑制活性微生物Zou 03的筛选与鉴定

从近海区生态环境中分离纯化98株海洋菌株,以根癌农杆菌WCF47为敏感检测菌株,筛选出1株具细菌群体感应抑制活性的菌株Zou03,对其进行形态、生理生化特征鉴定和16S rDNA分子鉴定。结果显示,Zou03具枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)的典型特征,其16S rDNA序列通过对比分析,与GenBank中枯草芽胞杆菌16SrDNA的部分序列同源性为100%。综合形态、生化特征及16S rDNA序列对比分分析,鉴定菌株Zou03为枯草芽胞杆菌。表明近海区生态环境中存在具有抑制细菌群体感应活性的微生物,有利于海洋微生物资源开发,为以致病菌群体感应系统为靶点的新型疗法提供新技术。     

内蒙古碱湖中紫色非硫光合细菌的分离和鉴定

从内蒙古碱湖水样中分离得到一株紫色非硫光合细菌,命名为JH1-6.对该菌株进行了形态学观察、生理生化鉴定、活细胞吸收光谱以及16S rDNA序列分析.16S rDNA序列分析结果表明该菌株与沼泽红假单胞菌的16S rDNA序列同源性高达99%,结合形态特征和生理生化特性以及活细胞吸收光谱特征等,确定菌株JH1- 6在分类地位上属于沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris).     

芦笋老茎堆肥中嗜热细菌的分离与鉴定

利用稀释涂布法对芦笋老茎堆肥不同发酵阶段6个样品中的嗜热细菌进行分离,并采用16S rDNA序列分析方法对分离得到的菌落形态有明显区别的22株细菌进行鉴定.根据16S rDNA序列分析结果,22株细菌菌株中13株属于芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus),1株属于类芽胞杆菌属(Paenibacillus),4株属于假黄色单胞菌属(Pseudoxanthomonas),1株属于肠杆菌属(Enterobacter),1株属于副球菌属(Paracoccus),1株属于短芽胞杆菌属(Brevibacillus),菌株D-b2在GenBank数据库中未找到与其相似的已知细菌属的序列,分类地位待定.从以上鉴定结果可以看出,芦笋老茎堆肥中的优势嗜热细菌主要是芽胞杆菌(Bacillus spp.)和假黄色单胞菌(Pseudoxanthomonas spp.).     

中药中耐辐射微生物的分离与鉴定

从中成药(金锁丸)中分离获得一种耐辐射的细菌。经过形态观察、生理生化特征分析及16 S rDNA碱基序列测定和同源性分析,鉴定该菌株为弯曲芽孢杆菌(Bacillus flexus),该菌株的16 S rDNA序列已在Gen-Bank中注册,登录号为AB021185.1。     

一种新型生防细菌菌株13-1鉴定及其生物学特性

13-1 是从魔芋根际土壤中筛选得到的一株革兰氏阴性生防细菌, 抑菌试验结果表明它对7种植物病原细菌和8种病原真菌具有拮抗作用。形态和常规生理生化特征鉴定, 发现该菌株与溶杆菌属Lysobacter 特征很相近。Biolog 鉴定和16S rDNA基因序列分析表明, 菌株13-1与已报道的抗生素溶杆菌Lysobacter antibioticus DSM 2044(=ATCC29479)同源性高达99%。二者在所建系统发育树中处于同一分枝, 将13-1菌株鉴定为抗生素溶杆菌(L. antibioticus)。     

柠条根瘤内生细菌的抗逆性及遗传多样性

采用16S rDNA PCR-RFLP和序列分析方法对分离自柠条根瘤的40株内生细菌的遗传多样性及系统发育进行分析,并对菌株的耐盐性、耐酸碱性和生长温度范围进行测定.结果表明:40株供试菌株共产生9种遗传图谱类型;对各类型代表菌株进行16S rDNA序列测定,结合形态特征和生理生化检测结果,表明供试菌株分别归属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、Inguilinus属、申氏杆菌属(Shinella)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter),遗传多样性较为丰富;57.5％的菌株可耐受4％的NaCl,75％的菌株可在pH 11.0的条件下生长,85％的菌株经60℃热激处理后仍能继续生长,显示柠条根瘤内生细菌具有较强的抗逆性,菌株LWEN 07和LWEN 15抗逆能力最为显著.     

产细菌纤维素Axy-Ⅰ菌株的鉴定及产物分析

目的：对1株产细菌纤维素的菌株Axy-I进行鉴定,并对其在不同培养条件下的产物进行分析。方法：通过生理生化检测和16S rDNA序列分析,对菌株Axy-I进行鉴定;比较静态培养和摇瓶动态培养7d后所产细菌纤维素的产率,并利用扫描电镜观察产物的超微观结构特征。结果：菌株Axy-I的形态、菌落特征和生理生化特性与葡糖酸醋酸杆菌属一致,16S rRNA序列长度为1436bp,与Gluconacetobacter sp.4L（Genbank登录号为：AY741144.1）的同源性达97%。静态培养细菌纤维素得率为4.72g/L,纤维直径82%分布在30-80nm之间,动态培养得率为8.12g/L,纤维直径90%分布在30～70nm之间。结论：菌株Axy-I属于葡糖酸醋酸杆菌属,动态培养所产的细菌纤维素纤维丝比静态更纤细,产率也更高。     

黑水虻幼虫肠道和体表产酶细菌的分离和鉴定

从野外收集和室内饲养的黑水虻Hermetia illucens L.幼虫体表和肠道分离出同时具蛋白质和有机磷分解能力的细菌10株,其中编号为T2、T4、T6、T7和T8的菌株分离自体表,编号为S14、S15、S16、S19和S20的菌株分离自肠道。克隆细菌的16S rDNA和DNA促旋酶B亚基编码基因gyrB对10株细菌进行了鉴定。通过16S rDNA序列确定10株菌为芽孢杆菌属,根据gyrB基因以及BLAST结果构建系统发育树,将10株细菌鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌。然后将10株菌的gyrB基因以B.subtilis subsp.subtilisstr.168和模式菌株B.subtilis subsp.subtilis BCRC10255相应基因序列为参照构建系统发育树,分析10株菌在种的水平上的亲缘关系,发现10株菌存在亲缘关系差异,没有重复菌株。     

陕西定边盐湖嗜盐菌A393的分离及其种属鉴定

采用高盐选择性培养基和稀释平板法,从陕西定边盐湖土壤样本中,分离筛选获得嗜盐菌株A393,通过形态学观察、生理生化特征和系统发育学16S rDNA序列分析鉴定嗜盐菌株A393分类学地位。获得的A393最适生产盐浓度在8%～20%。表型特征和16S rDNA序列分析结果初步鉴定其为中度嗜盐菌,属于海球菌属(Marinococcus sp.)菌株。     

一株与鳆发光杆菌最相似细菌的研究

对从海鲜食品中分离到的1株少见细菌M1进行系统分类鉴定。采用常规方法[1]进行分离培养,以形态学特征、培养特性、生理生化特征以及分子生物学等方法对其进行分类鉴定。结果可见,该菌株为革兰氏阴性杆状细菌,16SrDNA核甘酸序列测定与鳆发光杆菌最为相似,生理生化特征与发光杆菌属、弧菌属相近,但都不完全相符,而与鳆发光杆菌相似性最高。     

Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Halophilic Archaeon AJ6

Halophilic archaeon A J6 was isolated and purified from the Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Strain AJ6 is a Gram-negative rod whose size is 0.2-0.6 by 1.6-4.2 μm,wherein a few cells are globular.The optimum salt concentration for its growth is 20% NaC1 and 0.6% Mg2+,and the optimum pH is 6.0-7.0.Morphological,physiological,and biochemical characteristics of strain AJ6 were observed.The 16S rRNA encoding gene (16S rDNA)sequence of strain A J6 was amplified by PCR,and its nucteotide sequence was determined subsequently."Clustalw"and"PHYLIP"software bags were used to analyze the 16S rDNA sequence;the homology was compared,and then the phylogenetic tree was established.The results indicate that strain AJ6 is a novel species of the genus Natrinema.The GenBank accession number of the 16S rDNA sequences of strain AJ6 is AY277584.     

一株牙鲆皮肤溃烂症病原菌的鉴定

从山东荣成养鱼场发病牙鲆分离到一株病原菌M3,革兰氏阴性,杆状,能运动,菌落半透明,用BIOLOG细菌鉴定系统不能鉴定。通过16S rDNA序列分析和同源性检索发现M3菌株与弧菌属的同源性较高,为94%～98%。系统发育学分析表明菌株M3与鳗弧菌关系最近,相似性为996%,其生化性状也和鳗弧菌的特征相似,故可把M3定为鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)。     

Rhodanobacter fulvus sp. nov., a beta-galactosidase-producing gammaproteobacterium

A taxonomic study was carried out on a bacterial strain designated as Jip2T isolated from a soil sample mixed with rotten rice straw. It was a Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, and rod-shaped bacterium. It grew well on nutrient agar medium and utilized a fairly narrow spectrum of carbon source. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65.3 mol%. The major ubiquinone was Q-8. The major fatty acids were branched fatty acids, especially large amounts of iso C15:0 and iso C17:1 w9c were detected in the cells grown on TSA agar for 24 h. Comparative 16S rDNA study showed a clear affiliation of this bacterium to the genus Rhodanobacter. The 16S rDNA sequence of strain Jip2T showed 96.4% sequence similarity to that of Rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus RP5575T. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strain Jip2T is clearly distinct from Rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus. We propose the name Rhodanobacter fulvus sp. nov. for strain Jip2T (=IAM 15025T=KCTC 12098T).     

一株分离于工业污水池的耐碱酵母

目的:从新疆温泉县一个碱性工业污水处理池中分离并鉴定耐碱酵母菌。方法:用稀释平板法分离菌种,通过形态学观察、生理生化特征及26S rDNA D1/D2区基因序列分析鉴定菌种。结果:从水样中分离得到一株耐碱酵母菌,它们能在pH3.5~11.0,12%NaCl,4~45℃生长,经形态观察及生理生化特征鉴定为酵母属,对其26S rDNA 5’端D1/D2区基因序列进行了PCR扩增并测序,GenBank注册号为DQ132884,同源序列分析结果表明该序列与酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)Sb4有99.8%的同源性,因此将其命名为酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)XJU-2,该菌种已保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏委员会普通微生物中心(CGM-CC),保藏号为CGMCC No.2.3095。结论:XJU-2的最高耐碱值可达pH 11.0,而且酸碱耐受范围很大,性能明显优于国内外已报道的酿酒酵母菌种。     

Classification of a Brevundimonas strain detectable after PCR with a Helicobacter-specific primer pair

In a study for the isolation of new Helicobacter strains, biopsy samples were taken from the gastric mucosa of dogs and subjected to PCR amplification using a Helicobacter-specific primer pair (H276f and H676r, directed to the 16S rDNA) to identify members of this genus in the specimens. From one Helicobacter positive sample, a bacterial strain was isolated which displayed a characteristic band after PCR amplification with the Helicobacter-specific primer pair. The isolate designated H2/98-FUNDUS was motile, oxidase-, catalase- and aminopeptidase-positive and grew only under microaerophilic conditions at 37 degrees C. The bacterium was classified by a polyphasic approach, including analysis of the isoprenoid quinones, fatty acids, polar lipids and partial 16S rDNA sequence. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence (1003 bases) indicated that the strain H2/98-FUNDUS is a member of the genus Brevundimonas and most closely related to Brevundimonas aurantiaca DSM 4731T (99.5% sequence similarity). Isolate H2/98-FUNDUS contained a predominant ubiquinone Q-10 and a fatty acid profile with the major compounds C18:1 and C16:0. In the polar lipid extract, phosphatidylglycerol, six unknown phospholipids, one unknown phosphoglycolipid, two unknown glycolipids and two unknown aminolipids were detected. All these results indicate that H2/98-FUNDUS represents a new member of the genus Brevundimonas which gives a positive signal upon PCR employing the Helicobacter-specific primer pair.