Contributions toward a monograph of cybianthus (Myrsinaceae): I. Subgenus iteoides and the identity of conomorpha loretensis

A provisional key to the species ofCybianthus subgenusIteoides is presented and one new species, C.colombianus, is described, illustrated and discussed.Conomorpha loretensis Lundell is transferred toCybianthus, its relationships within subgenusWeigeltia are discussed, and a key to its sister species,C. gardneri and C.dubius, is provided.     

Notes on calycophyllous Rubiaceae. Part I. Morphological comparisons of the genera Chimarrhis,Bathysa, and Calycophyllum,with new combinations and a new species,Chimarrhis gentryana

A comparison of some genera of the Condaminecae (Rubiaceae) with a few taxa of closely related tribes (Rondeletieae, Calycophylleae, and Cinchoneae) revealed that some species ofChimarrhis (Condamineeae s. 1.),Bathysa (Rondeletieae), andCalycophyllum (Calycophylleae) are often misassigned to genera. The taxonomic significance of calycophylls is discussed; the generic boundaries ofChimarrhis, Bathysa, andCalycophyllum are reevaluated; and their similarities and differences are discussed. As a result, a new calycophyllous species ofChimarrhis from the Amazon,C. gentryana, is described, two of its species are transferred toBathysa (B. Bathysoides, B. perijaënsis), and one species ofBathysa (B. difformis) is reduced to synonymy underChimarrhis (C. turbinata).     

Le plus grand représentant du genre Eomys (Rodentia,Mammalia) de l'Oligocène de l'Europe: Eomys huerzeleri nov. sp.

Eomys huerzeleri, a new species of Eomyidae already recognized and named by H.G. Stehlin but never published is described and compared with Eomys majorFreudenberg. The stratigraphical range of both species is discussed.     

Afroprinus cavicola gen. et sp. n. from the Afrotropical region with notes on cave-dwelling Saprininae (Coleoptera,Histeridae)

A new genus and species from Kenya, Afroprinus cavicola is herein described and illustrated and its systematic position is discussed. By the prosternal pre-apical foveae connected by marginal prosternal stria it resembles most of the Afrotropical species of the genus Chalcionellus Reichardt, 1932, or some species of the genus Pholioxenus Reichardt, 1932 from South Africa and Namibia. Afroprinus can be distinguished from Chalcionellus chiefly by the lack of pronotal depressions and a coarsely sculptured, non-metallic dorsum; from Afrotropical species of Pholioxenus it can be most easily distinguished by the asetose pronotal hypomeron. The new taxon was discovered in a cave, but lacks obvious troglophilic adaptations. Notes on other Saprininae taxa found in caves are given. An identification key to the genera of Afrotropical Saprininae is provided.     

Two new species of Erysiphe sect. Uncinula (Erysiphales): Erysiphe fernandoae and E. michikoae

Two new species of Erysiphe section Uncinula are described and illustrated based on the molecular and morphological analyses: (1) Erysiphe fernandoae sp. nov. on Fernandoa adenophylla is distinct from other Erysiphe species on the plant family Bignoniaceae by having smaller asci, ca 12 appendages per chasmothecium and being found only in Asia; (2) Erysiphe michikoae sp. nov. on Celtis jessoensis differs from Erysiphe kusanoi on other Celtis species in having smaller chasmothecial, ascal and ascospore dimensions, and fewer number of chasmothecium appendages. The phylogenetic relationships of the two new species with other closely related species are discussed based on 28S and ITS rDNA sequences.     

A new species of Mimosa sect. Mimosa (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae) from Southern Brazil

A new species of Mimosa section Mimosa, Mimosa eurystegia, which is apparently endemic to Paraná in southern Brazil, is described and illustrated. This species is distinguished by plurinerved leaflets and papyraceous, plurinerved, orbicular, amplexicaul stipules. Morphological distinctiveness of this new Mimosa and its relationships with allied species are discussed. Phenological, geographical and ecological data are presented, in addition to a key to the species of Mimosa subser. Sparsae.     

Three new freshwater species of centrohelid heliozoans: Acanthocystis crescenta sp. nov., A. kirilli sp. nov., and Choanocystis minima sp. nov.

Three new species of centrohelid heliozoans Acanthocystis crescenta, A. kirilli, and Choanocystis minima from two freshwater lakes of Valamo Island (North-Western Russia) were studied using light- and scanning electron microscopy. The main apomorphy of A. kirilli are slightly branched radial scales. Acanthocystis crescenta has characteristic radial scales with crescent-like structures on their tips. Cell diameter of these two species does not exceed 10 μm. Radial scales of C. minima have truncated tips and lack apical teeth; plate scales of this species are oviform, without lateral notches or central rib. The latter organism is the smallest heliozoan species known; the diameter of its body is about 3 μm. The possible domination of small heliozoans in the cryptic diversity of centrohelids is discussed.     

Chemical markers in Veronica sect. Hebe. II

In a continued chemosystematic investigation of the water-soluble compounds in Veronica sect. Hebe, four additional species were investigated. In comparison to other, Northern Hemisphere (NH) species of Veronica, those belonging to the New Zealand species in sect. Hebe are apparently more variable in chemical content. In addition to the compounds characteristic for NH Veronica, namely mannitol, aucubin, catalpol and 6-O-esters of catalpol as well as some caffeoyl phenylethanoid glucosides (CGPs), Veronica topiaria (syn. Hebe topiaria) also gave an unusual 6-O-ester of aucubin named topiarioside. The former Hebe species Veronica cupressoides and Veronica stenophylla each provided one of the two previously undescribed disaccharide esters named hebitol I and II, respectively, and the former plant also provided a CPG named cuproside, a 6-O-β-glucopyranosyl derivative of the known hebeoside. The last species, namely Veronica hulkeana (syn. Heliohebe hulkeana) only contained compounds common to other species of Veronica. The taxonomic results are discussed and it is concluded that carbohydrate esters are common in sect. Hebe. The data so far obtained indicate that the occurrences of esters of 6-O-rhamnopyranosylcatalpol are confined to the most derived species in the section.     

Morphology,bioacoustics, and ecology of Tibicen neomexicensis sp. n., a new species of cicada from the Sacramento Mountains in New Mexico,U.S.A. (Hemiptera,Cicadidae, Tibicen)

Tibicen neomexicensis sp. n., a new species of cicada found in the Sacramento Mountains of southcentral New Mexico, is described. Tibicen neomexicensis closely resembles Tibicen chiricahua Davis morphologically, but males of the two species have highly distinct calling songs that differ in phrasal structure, amplitude burst rates, and pulse structure. Unlike Tibicen chiricahua, male Tibicen neomexicensis use conspicuous dorso-ventral abdominal movements to modulate the amplitude and frequency of their calls. Tibicen neomexicensis is also smaller on average than Tibicen chiricahua, and differences in the color patterns of the wing venation identify these two species morphologically. Both species are dependent on pinyon-juniper woodlands and have similar emergence phenologies. These species appear to be allopatric, with Tibicen chiricahua found west of the Rio Grande in New Mexico, Arizona, and Mexico, and Tibicen neomexicensis so far known only from New Mexico, east of the Rio Grande. Tibicen chiricahua and Tibicen neomexicensis males share a common genitalic structure that separates them from all other species of Tibicen, and the possible evolutionary and biogeographic history of these likely sister species is also discussed.     

First record of a free-living dalyellioid turbellarian from the pacific:Balgetia pacifica nov. spec.

Balgetia pacifica nov. spec. from coarse sand beaches along the west coast of San Juan Island (Washington) is described and its taxonomy discussed. The species is characterized by its large bursal apparatus with a strengthened copulatory bursa.B. pacifica is the first free-living species of the Turbellaria Dalyellioida recorded from the Pacific Ocean.     

Trypanosoma spp., Leishmania spp. and Leptomonas spp.: enzymes of ornithine-arginine metabolism

Eight species of trypanosomatid flagellates, Trypanosoma cruzi, T. mega, T. conorhini, Leishmania donovani, L. braziliensis, Leptomonas seymouri, L. collosoma, and L. samueli, were examined for the presence of enzymes of the arginine-ornithine metabolism. Arginase was found in species of the genera Leishmania and Leptomonas. Citrulline hydrolase was found only in species of Leptomonas. Trypanosoma spp. did not present any of the mentioned enzymes. Ornithine carbamoyltransferase and argininosuccinate lyase were found only in Leptomonas samueli, which also possessed arginine deiminase. With the sole exception of L. samueli the other species seem to present a uniform enzyme constitution, peculiar to their genera and different from the enzyme patterns of other genera of trypanosomatids already known. The potential usefulness of these findings for taxonomical purposes is discussed.     

Ground-beetles of the subgenus Cryptophonus Brandm. et Z. Brandm., genus Harpalus Latr. (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

A taxonomic review of ten species of the subgenus Cryptophonus Brandmayr et Zetto Brandmayr, 1982, the genus Harpalus Latreille, 1802 is given. In addition to nine Palaearctic species, the Ethiopian H. agnatus Reiche, 1849 is also included in Cryptophonus. Harpalus cyrenaicus Koch, 1939, stat. n. from Libya, which was originally described as a subspecies of H. litigiosus Dejean, 1829, is treated as a distinct species. Harpalus tenebrosus Dejean, 1829 is treated as a polytypical species with two subspecies: H. t. tenebrosus (West Palaearctic) and H. t. paivanus Wollaston, 1867, stat. n. (Cabo Verde). A new substitute name H. melancholicus reicheianus nom. n. is proposed to replace the objective homonyms H. reichei Jacobson, 1907 (non Desbrochers des Loges, 1867) and H. ovalis Reiche, 1861 (non Motschulsky, 1844). Lectotypes are designated for H. tenebrosus Dejean, 1829, H. paivanus Wollaston, 1867, H. litigiosus Dejean, 1829, H. agnatus Reiche, 1849, H. fulvus Dejean, 1829, H. melancholicus Dejean, 1829, and H. ineditus Dejean, 1829. The status and diagnosis of Cryptophonus are discussed and a key to all the species of this subgenus is provided. Data on distribution of each species are provided. The following species are recorded for the first time: H. tenebrosus from Afghanistan, H. grilli Kataev, 2002 from India (Uttarhand), H. agnatus Reiche, 1849 from Tanzania, and H. fulvus Dejean, 1829 from Portugal.     

Scale insects (Homoptera, Coccinea) of the volga area: III. Nudicauda gen. n. and other mealybugs from astrakhan

The present paper is the third part of a revision of the fauna of the Volga Area. Five species new for the Volga Area, including four new for Russia are recorded. Nudicauda gen. n. is erected with type species Nudicauda nigra (Matesova, 1957) (comb. n.). The new genus differs from other genera of mealybugs in a complex of characters and mainly in the presence of very specific oral rim tubular ducts with a broad flat ring and in an unusual ovisac with the opening over posterior tergites of the female body. In addition to the type species, N. orientalis (Borchsenius, 1949) and N. salina (Matesova, 1981) (comb. n.) are also included in the new genus. N. nigra and N. orientalis are considered as separate species, contrary to Danzig (1980). All the three species of the new genus are redescribed and illustrated. The structure of the tubular ducts of the genus Humococcus Ferris, 1953 is briefly discussed and illustrated.     

Two new species ofTrichogramma [Hym.: Trichogrammatidae] from the U.S.A.

Two new species ofTrichogramma from the U.S.A. are described.T. parkeri sp. n., a morphologically distinct species, was reared from an egg ofHeliothis zea (Boddie), whileT. platneri sp. n. which is morphologically indistinguishable fromT. minutum Riley, was reared from eggs ofCydia pomonella (L.). Reproductive incompatibility ofT. platneri andT. minutum is discussed.     

The genus Calycidium Stirt.

Abstract:The lichen genus Calycidium Stirt. (Calycidiaceae,Lecanorales , ‘Caliciales’ s. lat.) contains two species: C. cuneatum Stirt., distributed in Australia (Tasmania) and New Zealand, and C. polycarpum (Colenso) Wedin, comb. nov., distributed in Argentina, Australia (Tasmania), Chile and New Zealand. The morphology, chemistry, ecology and distribution of the two species is discussed, as is the taxonomic position of the genus. Calycidium is reported as new to Argentina.     

Helicotylenchus oleae n. sp. and H. neopaxilli n. sp. (Hoplolaimidae), Two New Spiral Nematodes Parasitic on Olive Trees in Italy

Helicotylenchus oleae n. sp. and H. neopaxilli n. sp., from olive roots and soil in Italy, are described and illustrated. Helicotylenchus oleae can be distinguished from the related species H. canadensis and H. tunisiensis especially by the smaller styler, its distinctive tail shape, and a tail longer than one anal body width. Helicotylenchus neopaxilli differs from the close species H. paxilli by having a conical, anteriorly truncated labial region, shorter stylet, and phasmids always anterior to level of anus. Also illustrated and discussed are histopathological changes within feeder roots of olive caused by the feeding activity of the semi-endoparasitic H. oleae.     

Aucubinartige glucoside als systematische merkmale bei labiaten — II. Galeopsis

All species of Galeopsis contain aucubin-like glycosides in roots, leaves and seeds. Acetylharpagide is typical of leaves of the species of the subgenus Ladanum and galiridoside characterizes leaves of taxa of the subgenus Tetrahit. However, the leaves of Galeopsis pubescens, G. segetum and G. pyrenaica contain appreciable amounts of both constituents. In roots and seeds, the difference between the two subgenera is less striking. However, roots of species of subgenus Tetrahit are characterized by a third constituent, called bifida-substance. Some chemical characters of Galeopsis are discussed and evaluated systematically. Galeopsis resembles Lamiastrum in leaf aucubinoids.