A New Species of Luminous Percoids of the Acropoma Genus (Acropomatidae)

Journal of Ichthyology - A new species, Acropoma leobergi sp. n. from the Arafura Sea, belonging to a group of species with a short U-shaped luminous organ slightly receding behind the anus, is...     

A new species of the genus Acropoma (Perciformes: Acropomatidae) from the Philippines

Acropoma boholensis sp. nov. is described on the basis of two specimens collected from Dumaguete city market, Negros Island, Philippines. It is distinguished from other species of Acropoma by the following combination of characters: anus situated closer to the origin of pelvic fin than to that of anal fin; luminous gland extending from isthmus to anal fin base; scales cycloid except weakly ctenoid scales around anterior part of lateral line and on ventral side of body; proximal radial of first anal fin pterygiophore lacking trough or hollow; body depth 31%–33% SL; head length 40%–42% SL; length of orbit 13%–14% SL. Received: November 14, 2000 / Revised: September 12, 2001 / Accepted: October 10, 2001     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Acropoma argentistigma</Emphasis>, a new species from the Andaman Sea,off southern Thailand (Perciformes: Acropomatidae)

 A new acropomatid fish, Acropoma argentistigma, is described on the basis of six specimens (59.0–107.5 mm in standard length) from the Andaman Sea, off southern Thailand (Phuket Island). The new species is distinguished from all other congeners by the combination of the following characters: a short U-shaped luminous gland, 16–18 gill rakers, anus situated about midway along depressed pelvic fin, proximal radial of first anal fin pterygiophore with a trough, a single row of well-developed conical teeth on the lower jaw, and head length 40.0–41.1% of standard length. Received: April 17, 2001 / Revised: April 15, 2002 / Accepted: May 7, 2002     

LuxA gene of light organ symbionts of the bioluminescent fish Acropoma japonicum (Acropomatidae) and Siphamia versicolor (Apogonidae) forms a lineage closely related to that of Photobacterium leiognathi ssp. mandapamensis

A molecular phylogenetic analysis of luxA gene sequences of light organ symbionts of the fish Acropoma japonicum (Acropomatidae) and Siphamia versicolor (Apogonidae) revealed that the sequences were related to those of Photobacterium leiognathi ssp. mandapamensis, which is not known to occur as a light organ symbiont among bioluminescent P. leiognathi clades. The presence of another lux gene element, luxF, coding for nonfluorescent protein, provided additional support for the identity of the light organ symbionts of the fish. Cladogenesis of the light organ symbiont P. leiognathi may be influenced by the radiation of host fishes.     

Angiotensin II-Like Material Extracted from the Rat Brain Is Distinct from Authentic Angiotensin II

Specific radioimmunoassay and radioreceptor assay for angiotensin II (A II) were used for the possible identification of this peptide in the rat brain. An A II-like material (A II-LM) was detected with both assays applied to acidic extracts of various brain structures. The regional distribution of A II-LM was uneven, but absolute levels (in A II equivalents) could not be accurately determined, as they were highly dependent on the assay used. Partial purification of A II-LM by Sep-Pak C 18 chromatography and affinity chromatography using anti-A II antibodies bound to Ultrogel gave a compound coeluting with authentic A II in reverse-phase HPLC. However, gel filtration through Sephadex G-25 and TSK Spherogel 3000 SW as well as anion exchange HPLC demonstrated that A II-LM did not correspond to authentic A II. Partial characterization of A II-LM indicated that this compound was probably a peptide with an apparent molecular weight of 5,000-7,000 (instead of 1,046 for A II) and more polar but less positively charged than A II. Whether A II-LM is, in fact, the endogenous ligand of A II binding sites in brain remains an interesting hypothesis for further investigations.     

Novel spiciferone derivatives from the fungus Drechslera hawaiiensis isolated from the marine sponge Callyspongia aerizusa

From the marine sponge Callyspongia aerizusa collected from the Sea of Bali, Indonesia, fungal isolates of Drechslera hawaiiensis were obtained. Culture filtrates of the fungus yielded four spiciferone derivatives which include spiciferone A (1) and B (2), and two other novel derivatives including spiciferol A (3) which is an alcohol congener of spiciferone A (1) and compound 4 which is an monocyclic spiciferone congener featuring a butoxyl side chain. The structures of the novel compounds were established on the basis of NMR spectroscopic (1H, 13C, COSY) and mass spectrometric (EIMS) data.     

Lectins from the genusArtocarpus

The lectins from the seeds of two species of the genusArtocarpus (A. integrifolia L. andA. incisa L.) were isolated by affinity chromatography on an AB (+) human stoma column, and compared by physicochemical and immunochemical methods. Although with marked differences in the hemagglutinating activity, the elution pattern of the albummic and globulinic fractions from both seeds were comparable by affinity chromatography on a human-stroma column. The two isolectin families presented many similarities. All the lectins presented the same subunit pattern by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrpphoresia, were recognised by both rabbit antisera prepared against the crude extracts from the two seeds, and presented fused rockets when electrophoresed in agarose gel containing one or the other antiserum.     

南海链霉菌SCSIO 1635中抗霉素类化合物的分离鉴定(英文)

我们从南海海底沉积环境分离了一株放线菌SCSIO1635,经16S rDNA的序列分析将该株菌鉴定为链霉菌属。我们从该菌的发酵液中分离得到了4个化合物,经质谱和核磁共振波谱解析,确定为抗霉素类化合物:异构体antimycin A1a和A1b(1)、deisovalerylblastmycin(2)、kitamycin A(3)和antimycin A9(4)。     

New Agrostis from the California coast

Agrostis clivicola, A. clivicola var.punta-reyesensis andA. blasdalei var.marinensis are described from the California coast. A key distinguishes these from other species of similar habit and habitat.     

Phytoecdysteroids from the rhizomes of Brainea insignis

Phytoecdysteroid glucosides, brainesterosides A–E, were isolated from the rhizomes of Brainea insignis along with three known phytoecdysteroids, ponasteroside A, ponasterone A, and 20-hydroxyecdysone. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical means. A possible biogenetic pathway is postulated for these compounds. The chemosystematic significance of ponasterone A is discussed.     

Cytotoxic meroterpenoids from the macroalga Cystoseira abies-marina

Two new meronorsesquiterpenes (cystoazorones A and B) and two new meroditerpenes (cystoazorols A and B), along with benzoic acid were isolated from the brown macroalga Cystoseira abies-marina. The structures of the new compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR as well as HRMS spectral analysis. The in vitro cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of the isolated compounds were also evaluated. Cystoazorones A and B, and cystoazorol A exhibited in vitro growth inhibitory activity against HeLa cells. The HeLa cell line in log phase was found to be more sensitive to cystoazorol A than when it was in lag phase. Cystoazorol A also showed a selectivity index higher than taxol, which was used as a positive control. Cystoazorols A and B were found to be the strongest antioxidants among the compounds tested.     

Laboratory Hints from the Literature

DYES AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL USES Burckhalter, J. H., Jones, E. M., Holcomb, W. F., and Sweet, L. A. N-substituted 2-methoxy-6-chloro-9-aminoacridines. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 2012. 1943.

Galat, Alexander. New processes for sulfanilamide. Ind. and Eng. Chem., Ind. Ed., 36, 192. 1944.

Kumler, W. D., and Daniels, T. C. The relation between chemical structure and bacteriostatic activity of sulfanilamide type compounds. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 2190. 1943.

Kwartler, C. E., and Lucas, Philip. The preparation of sutfanil-amidoindazoles. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 1804. 1943.

Mueller, A. C., and Hamilton, C. S. The synthesis of 1-substituted aminobenzo(f)quinolines. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 1017. 1943.

Popkin, A. H. Derivatives of biphenylsulfonamides. I. Preparation of p-(o-aminopnenyl)-benzenesulfonamide. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 2043. 1943.

Popkin, A. H., and Perretta, Gertrude M. Derivatives of biphenyl-sulfonamide. II. Derivatives of p-(o-aminophenyl)-benzenesulfonamide. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 2046. 1943.

Shreve, R. N., and Bennett, R. B. Studies in azo dyes. I. Preparation and bacteriostatic properties of azo derivatives of 2,6-diaminopvridine. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 2241. 1943.

Shreve, R. N., and Bennett, R. B. Studies in azo dyes. II. Preparation and bacteriostatic properties of azo derivatives of 8-quinolino. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 2243. 1943.

Siebenmann, C., and Schnitzer, R. J. Chemotherapeutic study of p-nitrobenzoyl- and related compounds. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 65, 2127 1943.

ANIMAL MICROTECHNIC Barrett, A. M. A method for staining sections of bone marrow. J. Path & Bact., 56, 133-5. 1944.

Barrett, A. M. On the removal of formaldehyde-produced precipitate from sections. J. Path. & Bact., 56, 135-6. 1944.

Chang, Min-Chueh. Disintegration of epidymal spermatozoa by application of ice to the scrotal testis. J. Exp. Biol., 20, 16-22. 1943.

Ercoli, N., and Lewis, M. N. The age factor in response of bone tissue to alizarin dyes and the mechanism of dye fixation. Anat. Rec., 87, 67-76. 1943.

Hess, Manfred, and Hollander, Franklin. Permanent metachromatic staining of gastric mucus smears. J. Lab. and Clin. Med., 29, 321-3. 1944.

Miller, John A. A new method of staining nervous tissue. Ohio J. of Sci., 44, 31-5. 1944.     

Lymphocyte suppressive peptides from fibrinogen are derived predominantly from the A alpha chain

Cellular immune responses can elicit local deposition of fibrin at the site of immunologic reactions, as well as the formation of intravascular fibrin in disseminated reactions. The subsequent physiologic proteolysis of fibrinogen and fibrin by plasmin results in small peptides that suppress lymphocyte functions in vitro and in the immune response in vivo. The intramolecular origin of lymphocyte suppressive activity and the proteolytic events responsible for the release of active peptides have been analyzed. Plasmic peptides from the isolated B beta and gamma constituent chains of fibrinogen did not inhibit mitogen-driven responses of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In contrast, plasmic digests of the A alpha chain, but not the intact A alpha chain were suppressive. Advanced plasmic digests of fibrinogen and the A alpha chain were suppressive at similar concentrations, suggesting that biological activity is derived predominantly from the A alpha chain. Limited plasmic digests of fibrinogen were fractionated to yield a heat-precipitable 250,000 dalton fragment X and heat-soluble proteolytic products containing fragments derived from the carboxyl-terminal region of the A alpha chain including a 42,000 dalton major A alpha chain derivative. Neither fragment X nor derivatives produced by its additional plasmic proteolysis were suppressive. In contrast, the heat-soluble fraction from limited plasmic cleavage was suppressive, and this activity was enhanced 10-fold by additional plasmic cleavage of this fraction. The isolated 42,000 dalton A alpha chain fragment was devoid of activity, but plasmic digestion of this derivative generated peptides of less than 8000 daltons that inhibited mitogen-stimulated thymidine uptake by lymphocytes. Two synthetic peptides corresponding to A alpha 220-230 and B beta 43-47, peptides with known vasoactive activities, suppressed lymphocyte thymidine uptake at very high concentrations. Based on their maximal yield from plasmic digests of fibrinogen, these two peptides would account for only 1% of the immunosuppressive activity of fibrinogen derivatives. In summary, the results indicate that the suppressive activity of fibrinogen is predominantly derived from the 42,000 dalton carboxyl terminal region of the A alpha chain of the molecule and is not attributable to the known vasoactive peptides. Initial proteolytic release of this region from the core of fibrinogen does not result in suppressive activity, but additional cleavage releases small peptides with the lymphocyte inhibitory function.     

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中国蜘蛛抱蛋属的细胞分类学研究Ⅱ

报道了 11种蜘蛛抱蛋属植物的染色体数目和核型。结果如下 :伞柱蜘蛛抱蛋 ** ,2 n=36 =2 0 m+6 sm(2 sat) +10 st,属 2 C型 ;辐花蜘蛛抱蛋 ** ,2 n=38=2 2 m+6 sm(2 sat) +10 st,属 2 C型 ;棒蕊蜘蛛抱蛋 **,2 n =36 =18m +8sm (2 sat) +10 st,属 2 C型 ;柳江蜘蛛抱蛋 **,2 n=38=2 0 m +6 sm(2 sat) +12 st,属 2 C型 ;小花蜘蛛抱蛋 ,2 n=38=16 m +4sm +8st (2 sat) +10 t,属 3C型 ;线叶蜘蛛抱蛋 ** ,2 n=36 =2 0 m(2 sat) +16 st,属 2 C型 ;罗甸蜘蛛抱蛋 ,2 n=38=16 m+6 sm(2 sat) +16 st,属 2 C型 ;四川蜘蛛抱蛋 ,2 n=38=2 4 m +4sm+10 st (2 sat) ,属 2 C型 ;广东蜘蛛抱蛋 ,2 n=36 =18m +2 sm(2 sat) +16 st,属 2 C型 ;洞生蜘蛛抱蛋 **,2 n=36 =18m +2 sm(2 sat) +14st+2 t,属 2 C型 ;大花蜘蛛抱蛋 ,2 n=36 =16 m+6 sm(2 sat) +14st,属 3C型。其中棒蕊蜘蛛抱蛋、柳江蜘蛛抱蛋、线叶蜘蛛抱蛋和洞生蜘蛛抱蛋的染色体数目和核型以及广东蜘蛛抱蛋的核型均为首次报道。     

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