PAGE活性染色法分析D.radiodurans过氧化氢酶和起氧化物歧化酶

用ＰＡＧＥＡ活性染色分析了Ｄ．ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ过氧化氢酶（Ｃａｔ）和起氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）。２种同种异型Ｄ．ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ（Ｒ１和Ｓａｒｋ）的Ｃａｔ在电泳带型上存在差异,两者Ｋａｔ均可分为Ａ、Ｂ和Ｃ３条带,但各带所占比例明显不同,ＳＯＤ的分析结果表明,Ｄ．ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ ＳＯＤ以Ｆｅ＾２＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋离子的嵌合体形式存在,其中Ｆｅ－ＳＯＤ成分占９０％以上。ＰＡＧＥ活性染色法     

噬菌体RB69 DNA聚合酶的表达、分离纯化和其聚合反应的稳态动力学研究

噬菌体ＲＢ６９外切酶活性缺失的ＤＮＡ 聚合酶突变体（Ｄ２２２Ａ／Ｄ３２７Ａ）在大肠杆菌细胞中表达,表达量达细胞蛋白总量的６９％ ．表达后经ＤＥＡＥ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ＦａｓｔＦｌｏｗ , Ｓｏｕｒｃｅ ３０Ｑ 和ＨＴＰ三步分离纯化,纯度可达９９％ 以上．随后测定了该酶利用５种ｄＮＴＰ为底物进行聚合反应的酶促动力学常数（Ｋｍ 和Ｋｃａｔ）,结果表明该酶利用ｄＵＴＰ的能力与利用ｄＴＴＰ的能力相近,Ｋｍ （ｄＴＴＰ）和Ｋｍ（ｄＵＴＰ）均较高于其它３种脱氧核苷酸的Ｋｍ （ｄＡＴＰ, ｄＣＴＰ, ｄＧＴＰ）,推测其Ｋｍ 值的差异主要来源于Ｔ／Ｕ 碱基本身,而并非全部由ＧＣ碱基配对与ＡＴ碱基配对之间的氢键作用力的强弱差别所决定．     

N~+离子注入对不同辐射敏感性微生物超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响

以Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ和耐辐射生球菌（Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ）为试材,研究了Ｎ＾＋离子注入对其ＳＯＤ,ＣＡＴ和ＰＯＤ活性的影响及共对自由基的清除,结果表明：Ｄ．ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ经Ｎ＾＋离子注入后ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ酶活高于Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ的,而ＰＯＤ酶活不仅很低于Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ的;随剂量的增大,两者ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ酶活均为增后减,只是其ＳＯＤ酶活的变化峰值对应剂量分别为６×１０＾１５Ｎ＾＋／     

蚯蚓体内一种纤溶酶原激活剂(e-PA)对BAEE的降解

以苯甲酰－Ｌ－精氨酸乙酯（ｂｅｎｚｏｙｌ－Ｌ－ａｒｇｉｎｉｎｅｅｔｈｙｌｅｓｔｅｒ,ＢＡＥＥ）为底物,研究了蚯蚓体内纤溶酶原激活剂（ｐｌａｓｍｉｎｏｇｅｎａｃｔｉｖａｔｏｒｆｒｏｍＥｉｓｅｎｉａｆｅｔｉｄａ,ｅ－ＰＡ）的酶学性质．酶促反应的最适ｐＨ为８．４,ｅ－ＰＡ降解ＢＡＥＥ的Ｋｍ为１．２４±０．１６×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｋｃａｔ为１３．８０±４．０２ｓ－１．测定了构成ｅ－ＰＡ的大,小亚基分别降解ＢＡＥＥ的Ｋｍ和Ｋｃａｔ．结果表明,大亚基的Ｋｍ与全酶的Ｋｍ相差不多,但比小亚基小约１０倍,即对底物的亲和力比小亚基强约一个数量级．大小亚基的Ｋｃａｔ比较接近,分别是全酶的１／６和１／３．研究了８种抑制剂对ｅ－ＰＡ降解ＢＡＥＥ活性的影响,其中ｐｅｐｓｔａｔｉｎ和Ｅ－６４（一种巯基抑制剂）对酶促反应有激活作用,ＴＰＣＫ,ＴＬ－ＣＫ,ＰＭＳＦ,ｃｈｙｍｏｓｔａｔｉｎ和ｌｅｕｐｅｐｔｉｎ对其有不同程度的抑制作用,ＥＤＴＡ对ｅ－ＰＡ的活性没有影响．对ｅ－ＰＡ的ＢＡＥＥ活性和ｅ－ＰＡ的纤溶活性之间作了比较．     

phbB,phbC基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及对马铃薯植株的转化和检测

利用从真养产碱杆菌（Ａｌｃａｌｉｇｅｎｅｓｅｕｔｒｏｐｈｕｓ）Ｈ１６染色体ＤＮＡ中克隆到的催化聚β羟基丁酸酯（ｐｏｌｙβｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｂｕｔｙｒａｔｅ,ＰＨＢ）生物合成的两个关键酶基因：依赖ＮＡＤＰＨ的乙酰乙酰ＣｏＡ还原酶基因（ｐｈｂＢ）以及ＰＨＢ合酶基因（ｐｈｂＣ）,同时利用大肠杆菌高效表达载体ｐＫＫ２２３３,构建了嵌合有ｐｈｂＢ和ｐｈｂＣ基因的表达载体ｐＫＣＢ,转入大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０９,通过显微镜观察及气相色谱分析检测ＰＨＢ的合成。在确证克隆基因正确的基础上构建了马铃薯块茎特异性表达载体ｐＰＳＡＧＢ（含ｐｈｂＢ基因）、ｐＢＩＢＧＣ（含ｐｈｂＣ基因）和ｐＰＳＡＧＣＢ（含ｐｈｂＢ和ｐｈｂＣ双基因）,转化５个马铃薯品种,经检测获得２０个转基因阳性株系。     

生孢噬纤维粘菌基因文库的构建和纤维素酶基因的克隆

将生孢噬纤维粘菌（ＳｐｏｒｏｃｙｔｏｐｈａｇａＢ２９）染色体用ＰｓｔＩ部分酶切后,连接到大肠杆菌（Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ）质粒载体ｐＵＣ８上,然后转化Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＪＭ８３,从而建立了Ｂ２９的基因文库,并筛选一个含有内切葡聚糖纤维素酶（ＣＭＣａｓｅ）的阳性克隆．从此阳性克隆中提取质粒再转化ＪＭ８３,发现所有的氨苄青霉素抗性（Ａｐｒ）转化子都具有ＣＭＣａｓｅ酶活性,证明在大肠杆菌中克隆到一个Ｂ２９的内切葡聚糖酶基因．     

木糖代谢基因表达水平对酿酒酵母重组菌株产物形成的影响

以Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ－Ｓ．ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ穿梭质粒ＹＥｐ２４为骨架,将树干毕赤酵母（Ｐｉｃｈｉａ ｓｔｉｐｉｔｉｓ ＣＢＳ６０５４）的木糖还原酶（ＸＲ）基因ＸＹＬ１及木糖醇脱氢酶（ＸＤＨ）基因ＸＹＬ１分别以不同的相对表达方向置于酿酒酵母的乙醇脱氢酶Ｉ（ＡＤＨ１）启动子和磷酸甘油激酶（ＰＧＫ）启动子下,构建不同ＸＹＬ１及ＸＹＬ２的重组质粒。这些重组质粒分别转化酿酒酵母（Ｈ１５８）受体菌。得到的重组菌株     

大肠杆菌苯丙氨酸生物合成关键酶的串联表达

ａｒｏＧ基因编码的 ３－脱氧－２－阿拉伯庚酮糖－７－磷酸合成酶（ＤＡＨＰ　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔａｓｅ　ＤＳ）和 ｐｈｅＡ基因编码的分支酸变位酶／预苯酸脱水酶（Ｃｈｏｒｉｍａｔｅ ｍｕｔａｓｅ／ Ｐｒｅｐｈｅｎａｔｅ　ｄｅｈｙｄｒａｔａｓｅ,ＣＷ／ＰＤ）都是本丙氨酸合成途径中的关键酶,为了通过基因工程手段来增加本丙氨酸生物的产量,在利用高效的原核表达载体ｐＢＶ２２ ０对ｐｈｅＡ基因编码的ＣＭ／ ＰＤ 酶进行了表达的基础上,采用ＰＣＲ方法扩增了抗反馈抑制的ａｒｃＧ基因,进行克隆表达,并与ｐｈｅＡ基因串联,以ＰＲＰＬ－ａｒｏＧ－ＰＬ－ｐｈｅＡ的形式,实现了２种酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达, ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ 图谱显示了新增的４３ｋｕ及３５ｋｕ蛋白带,经酶活性测定ＤＳ、ＣＭ／ＰＤ酶的比活分别提高了 ４．６７倍、８０５／１０．７１倍。     

棒状杆菌2,5—二酮基—D—葡萄糖酸还原酶Ⅰ基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆？…

从棒状杆菌（Ｃｏｒｙｎｅｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｓｐ．ＳＣＢ３０５８）初步纯化得到两个２,５－二酮基－Ｄ－葡萄糖酸（２,５－ＤＫＧ）还原酶,在此基础上利用ＰＣＲ技术,以基因组ＤＮＡ为模板,扩增得到含有２,５－ＤＫＧ还原酶Ⅰ基因的片段,定向连接到ＰＧＥＭ３Ｚｆ（＋并转化大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α,是到阳性克隆ｐＧＥＭ８１３。     

Kl LAC4用作白色念珠菌的报告基因

由于ｌａｃＺ基因在白色念珠菌中不能工作。将克氏酵母的β－半乳糖苷酶基因Ｋｌ ＬＡＣ４构建了能在白色念珠菌中工作的报告基因。Ｋｌ ＬＡＣ４基因融合到白色念珠菌乙醇脱氢酶基因（ＡＤＨ１）的启动子后面,在ＡＤＨ１终止子的共同控制下构建Ｋｌ ＬＡＣ４的表达质粒ｐＹＰＢ１－ＬＡＣ４。ＰＹＯＢ１－ＬＡＣ４转化白色念珠菌并测定了在固体培养基中的β－半乳糖苷酶活性以及在液体增减基的β－半乳糖苷酶活力。结果表明Ｋｌ     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.