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1.
将Epstein-Barr病毒(EBV)膜抗原(MA)BLLF1基因,插入含有CMV启动子的真核表达载体pcDNA3下游BamHI位点,构建成真核表达质粒pcDNA3-MA。将纯化的DNA注射Balb/c小鼠股四头肌。经免疫的动物产生抗EB病毒MA特异性的抗体和中和抗体,依赖抗体细胞介导的细胞毒作用(ADCC),特异性T淋巴细胞增生性反应及细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)杀伤作用。基因免疫与基因-蛋白 相似文献
2.
将Epstein-Bar病毒(EBV)膜抗原(MA)BLLF1基因,插入含有CMV启动子的真核表达载体pcDNA3下游BamHI位点,构建成真核表达质粒pcDNA3-MA。将纯化的DNA注射Balb/c小鼠股四头肌。经免疫的动物产生抗EB病毒MA特异性的抗体和中和抗体,依赖抗体细胞介导的细胞毒作用(ADCC),特异性T淋巴细胞增生性反应及细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)杀伤作用。基因免疫与基因-蛋白联合免疫效果相似。不同启动子控制下的MA基因,诱发小鼠免疫应答无明显差异。 相似文献
3.
将编码丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)E2蛋白417~750位氨基酸的DNA片段 克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA 3.1(-)中的CMV IE启动子下游,构建成HCV E2重组真核表达质粒 pcE2。ELISA法检测pcE2 DNA免疫兔血清中的E2抗体变化和维持规律,结果显示免疫20d已有 抗体产生,30d后开始进入高峰,40d时达到最高值,至第90d抗体水平保持平稳,抗体滴度 达到1∶1600左右。流式细胞计数仪(FACS)检测pcE2 DNA免疫鼠CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞变 化情况,与注射空载体pCDNA3.1(-)的阴性鼠相比,CD4+淋巴细胞水平略有上升,CD8+ 细胞水平有较大升高,增幅达35.46%。免疫组化检测结果显示注射pcE2的小鼠组织中有明显 的阳性着色,而注射pcDNA3.1(-)的对照组小鼠免疫组化结果为阴性。以上结果表明:pcE2 在实验动物内表达出的HCV E2蛋白可以引起免疫动物的体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答,尤其 是MHC-1限制性杀伤性CD8+T淋巴细胞水平的提高对清除 病毒是十分有利的,因此HCV E2 DNA免疫有可能成为预防和治疗HCV感染的一条新途径。 相似文献
4.
以马传染性贫血病毒(ELAV)驴白细胞弱毒疫苗株(DLA)病毒基因组RNA为材料,用RT-PCR方法扩增出EIAV gag基因,以平端针其克隆到质粒载体pUC19中,由于疫苗不是克隆株,因此通过5次单独克隆与测序,推导出EIAV-DLA gag基因的优势序列。gag基因全长1458个碱基,编码一486个氨基酸残基的前体蛋白。与美国EIAV Wyoming1369株比较,核苷酸同源性为80%,氨基酸 相似文献
5.
将Epstein-Bar(EB)病毒主要的膜抗原(MA)BLLF1基因片段插入pHD101-3质粒的CMV启动子下游,构建了真核表达质粒pHD-gp350,并转染293细胞进行瞬间表达。用免疫荧光法从细胞膜检测到表达的抗原能与其单克隆抗体发生特异性结合,Western-blot法证实,表达的抗原分子量为350kD.用能在真核细胞表达的重组质粒pHD-gp350的DNA,经Sepharose2B柱纯化后,注射经普鲁卡因预处理的Balb/C小鼠的四头肌,观察到EBV-IgA/MA抗体水平比EBV-IgG/MA低,而EBV-IgA/MA的持续时间比EBV-IgG/MA长。采用表达EBVMA的质粒DNA与CHO细胞表达的MA蛋白免疫小鼠,均获得抗EBVMA的抗体。 相似文献
6.
将丙型肝炎病毒C+E1区基因克隆到不同的真核细胞表达载体pCDNA3.1(+)和pSVL中,通过肌肉注射和皮下注射免疫BALB/C及F1小鼠后,产生了抗HCV/C区抗体。其中核酸疫苗pcDNA3.1-HCV/C+E1的免疫高峰的出现早于pSVL-HCV/C+E1,F1小鼠的抗体应答强于BALB/小鼠。肌肉注射优于皮下注射。 相似文献
7.
将切去3’端穿膜序列的EB病毒膜抗原(MA)基因,插入pSV2-dhfr质粒的SV40早期启动子下游,构建了真核表达载体pSV2-dhfrGPTR,使两个SV40早期启动子分别调控MA和二氢叶酸还原酶(dhfr)基因。将该重组质粒转化CHO-dhfr细胞,在选择培养基中筛选阳性克隆,用氨甲喋呤加压扩增,建立了表达EBV-MA的克隆细胞系。westernblot分析证明,所表达的蛋白的分子量大约为340kd和220kd。经过细Sepharose2B琼脂糖凝胶层析初步纯化的抗原与福氏佐剂混合免疫小鼠,2周后小鼠血清中出现明显的gp340/220特异性抗体,表明切去嵌膜区结构的EBV-MA基因在CHO细胞中的表达产物具有同天然膜抗原相似的分子量大小、糖基化程度、免疫特异性和免疫原性,可望成为EB病毒人用基因工程亚单位疫苗。 相似文献
8.
将含脊髓灰质炎病毒(PV)RNA聚合酶的不同长度基因片段克隆到载体pSG5质粒上,分别构建了4个表达RNA聚合酶的质粒。体外转录实验证明,pSG5-POL1.99和pSG5-POL2.03质粒转染细胞的提取物促进了特异的RNA转录,表明两质闰可表达RNA聚合酶。将PV的5’NCR序列插在载体pGREEN LANTERN-1的CMV启动子下游,构建了pGREEN LANTERN-1-5’NCR质粒; 相似文献
9.
将正常极低密度脂蛋白(n-VLDL)分别与动脉壁的三种主要细胞:巨噬细胞(Mφ)、内皮细胞(EC)、平滑肌细胞(SMC)温育24小时后,VLDL的TBATS值明显增高,琼脂糖电泳速度加快,溶血卵磷脂与卵磷脂(PC)的比值明显升高,载脂蛋白的B100(apoB100)发生降解,未见集中的降解区带,apo遥相对含量在各组无明显变化,加入抗氧化剂2,6-叔丁基甲苯能抑制上述变化,这些结果表明:动脉壁的三 相似文献
10.
将含有鸡传染性支气管炎病毒 S1 基因c D N A 的重组转移质粒p S X I V V I+ X3 S1 . Holte 和p S X I V V I+ X3/4 S1 . Holte 分别与粉纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒 Tn N P V S V I- G D N A( O C C- ,gal+ ) 共转染草地夜蛾( Sf9) 细胞,经空斑纯化得到重组病毒 Tn N P V( X3) S1 . Holte O C C+ 和 Tn N P V( X3/4) S1 . Holte O C C+ 。将重组毒株分别感染 Tn5 B1 细胞,并进行 S D S P A G E 与 Westernblot 检测。结果表明, Tn N P V( X3/4) S1 . Holte O C C+ 在感染的细胞中高效表达了 S1 蛋白, S D S P A G E 凝胶薄层色谱分析结果显示,感染病毒后72 h S1 蛋白的表达量占细胞内总蛋白量的35 .8 % ,而 Tn N P V( X3) S1 . Holte O C C+ 感染的细胞内检测不出 S1 蛋白。经分析认为这一差异主要来自 S1 基因翻译起始位点及其附近的周围环境。 相似文献
11.
Mipomersen, an antisense oligonucleotide that reduces hepatic production of apoB, has been shown in phase 2 studies to decrease plasma apoB, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides. ApoC-III inhibits VLDL and LDL clearance, and it stimulates inflammatory responses in vascular cells. Concentrations of VLDL or LDL with apoC-III independently predict cardiovascular disease. We performed an exploratory posthoc analysis on a subset of hypercholesterolemic subjects obtained from a randomized controlled dose-ranging phase 2 study of mipomersen receiving 100, 200, or 300 mg/wk, or placebo for 13 wk (n = 8 each). ApoC-III-containing lipoproteins were isolated by immuno-affinity chromatography and ultracentrifugation. Mipomersen 200 and 300 mg/wk reduced total apoC-III from baseline by 6 mg/dl (38-42%) compared with placebo group (P < 0.01), and it reduced apoC-III in both apoB lipoproteins and HDL. Mipomersen 100, 200, and 300 mg doses reduced apoB concentration of LDL with apoC-III (27%, 38%, and 46%; P < 0.05). Mipomersen reduced apoC-III concentration in HDL. The drug had no effect on apoE concentration in total plasma and in apoB lipoproteins. In summary, antisense inhibition of apoB synthesis reduced plasma concentrations of apoC-III and apoC-III-containing lipoproteins. Lower concentrations of apoC-III and LDL with apoC-III are associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in epidemiologic studies independent of traditional risk factors. 相似文献
12.
Changes in the morphology of rat adrenal cortex with age include increased accumulations of lipid droplets and lipofuscin granules. Because glandular concentrations of cholesteryl esters (CE) and apolipoprotein (apo) E are also increased in parallel, the utilization or metabolism of lipid-droplet stored CE for steroidogenesis might be altered in aging cells. To explore this possibility, adrenocortical cholesterol storage and utilization were studied in 3-6 months-old (mo) (Y) rats and 20-23 mo (O) Fischer 344 male rats. Both groups received either adrenocorticotropin (ACTH1-39, Acthar gel) or gelatin alone daily for seven consecutive days. We found that: (a) the CE concentration in O rats, but not Y animals, was diminished by ACTH. The depleted CE in stimulated-O rats was replenished within five days post stimulation. Failure to deplete CE in stimulated-Y rats was not associated with an insufficient dose of the hormone, since stimulation of Y animals with higher doses of ACTH actually increased the CE concentration. In contrast, adrenocortical free cholesterol concentration remained constant during stimulation regardless of age. (b) The depleted CE in stimulated-O rats was principally comprised of cholesteryl adrenate, cholesteryl arachidonate and cholesteryl cervonate. The accumulated CE in stimulated-Y animals was primarily comprised of cholesteryl adrenate, cholesteryl arachidonate and cholesteryl oleate. (c) Whereas in stimulated-Y rats adrenal apoE concentration declined, the concentration in stimulated O animals was well maintained. (d) In vitro, adrenal homogenate or cytosolic fraction from stimulated-O rats displayed a higher capacity to hydrolyze exogenous CE than its Y counterpart. However, cholesterol esterification with external fatty acid substrates in adrenal homogenate or microsomal fraction was comparable in the two age-groups. Our findings revealed altered adrenocortical cholesterol reserve in O rats to cope with prolonged ACTH-stimulation. Changes in apoE levels and CE hydrolysis activity may be factors associated with this alteration. Depletion and accumulation of adrenocortical CE are reflected in parallel changes in cholesteryl adrenate and cholesteryl arachidonate, suggesting physiologic importance of these polyunsaturated fatty acids during sustained steroidogenesis. 相似文献
13.
Individuals with a heterozygous mutation at the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM) have been reported to be predisposed to ischemic heart disease. This report examined for the first time the effect of a heterozygous ATM mutation (ATM(+)(/-)) on plasma lipid levels and atherosclerosis intensity using ATM(+/-), ATM(+)(/+) (wild type), ATM(+)(/+)/LDLR(-)(/-) (low density lipoprotein receptor knockout), ATM(+)(/-)/LDLR(-)(/-), ATM(+)(/+)/ApoE(-)(/-) (apolipoprotein E knockout), and ATM(+)(/-)/ApoE(-)(/-) mice. Our data demonstrated that the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in ATM(+)(/-) and ATM(+)(/-)/LDLR(-)(/-) mice were approximately the same as those in ATM(+)(/+) and ATM(+)(/+)/LDLR(-)(/-) control mice, respectively. In contrast, the plasma cholesterol level was significantly higher in ATM(+)(/-)/ApoE(-)(/-) mice than in ATM(+)(/+)/ApoE(-)(/-) control mice. In addition, the ATM(+)(/-)/ApoE(-)(/-) mice showed higher plasma apoB-48 levels, slower clearance for plasma apoB-48-carrying lipoproteins, and more advanced atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta compared with the ATM(+)(/+)/ApoE(-)(/-) mice. These novel results suggest that the product of ATM is involved in an apoE-independent pathway for catabolism of apoB-48-carrying remnants; therefore, superimposition of a heterozygous ATM mutation onto an ApoE deficiency background reduces the clearance of apoB-48-carrying lipoproteins from the blood circulation and promotes the formation of atherosclerosis. 相似文献
14.
The aim of this study was to assess the independent contributions of plasma levels of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), Lp(a) cholesterol, and of apo(a) isoform size to prospective coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Plasma Lp(a) and Lp(a) cholesterol levels, and apo(a) isoform size were measured at examination cycle 5 in subjects participating in the Framingham Offspring Study who were free of CHD. After a mean follow-up of 12.3 years, 98 men and 47 women developed new CHD events. In multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio of CHD was approximately two-fold greater in men in the upper tertile of plasma Lp(a) levels, relative to those in the bottom tertile (P < 0.002). The apo(a) isoform size contributed only modestly to the association between Lp(a) and CHD and was not an independent predictor of CHD. In multivariate analysis, Lp(a) cholesterol was not significantly associated with CHD risk in men. In women, no association between Lp(a) and CHD risk was observed. Elevated plasma Lp(a) levels are a significant and independent predictor of CHD risk in men. The assessment of apo(a) isoform size in this cohort does not add significant information about CHD risk. In addition, the cholesterol content in Lp(a) is not a significant predictor of CHD risk. 相似文献
16.
Objective: The metabolic syndrome is characterized by defective hepatic apolipoprotein B‐100 (apoB) metabolism. Hepato‐intestinal cholesterol metabolism may contribute to this abnormality. Research Methods and Procedures: We examined the association of cholesterol absorption and synthesis with the kinetics of apoB in 35 obese subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Plasma ratios of campesterol and lathosterol to cholesterol were used to estimate cholesterol absorption and synthesis, respectively. Very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate‐density lipoprotein (IDL), and low‐density lipoprotein apoB kinetics were studied using stable isotopy and mass spectrometry. Kinetic parameters were derived using multicompartmental modeling. Results: Compared with controls, the obese subjects had significantly lower plasma ratios of campesterol, but higher plasma ratios of lathosterol ( p < 0.05 in both). This was associated with elevated VLDL‐apoB secretion rate ( p < 0.05) and delayed fractional catabolism of IDL and low‐density lipoprotein‐apoB ( p < 0.01). In the obese group, plasma ratios of campesterol correlated inversely with VLDL‐apoB secretion ( r = ?0.359, p < 0.05), VLDL‐apoB ( r = ?0.513, p < 0.01) and IDL‐apoB ( r = ?0.511, p < 0.01) pool size, and plasma lathosterol ratio ( r = ?0.366, p < 0.05). Subjects with low cholesterol absorption had significantly higher VLDL‐apoB secretion, VLDL‐apoB and IDL‐apoB pool size, and plasma lathosterol ratio ( p < 0.05 in both) than those with high cholesterol absorption. Discussion: Subjects with the metabolic syndrome have oversecretion of VLDL‐apoB and decreased catabolism of apoB‐containing particles and low absorption and high synthesis rates of cholesterol. These changes in cholesterol homeostasis may contribute to the kinetic defects in apoB metabolism in the metabolic syndrome. 相似文献
17.
It is claimed that apoA-I expression is repressed in mice by cholic acid (CA) and its taurine conjugate, taurocholic acid (TCA) via farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation. We measured apoA-I expression in mice, hamsters, and rats treated with highly potent and selective synthetic FXR agonists or with TCA. All of the synthetic agonists bound to FXR with high affinity in a scintillation proximity assay. However, TCA did not compete with the radioligand up to the highest concentration used (100 μM). The C-site regulatory region of apoA-I, through which FXR has been reported to regulate its expression, is completely conserved across the species investigated. In both male and female human apoA-I-transgenic mice, we reproduced the previously reported strong inhibition of human apoA-I expression upon treatment with the typical supraphysiological dose of TCA used in such studies. However, in contrast to some previous reports, TCA did not repress murine apoA-I expression in the same mice. Also, more-potent and -selective FXR agonists did not affect human or murine apoA-I expression in this model. In LDL receptor-deficient mice and Golden Syrian hamsters, selective FXR agonists did not affect apoA-I expression, whereas in Wistar rats, some even increased apoA-I expression. In conclusion, selective FXR agonists do not repress apoA-I expression in rodents. Repression of human apoA-I expression by TCA in transgenic mice is probably mediated through FXR-independent mechanisms. 相似文献
18.
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) contributes to the anti-atherogenic effects of HDL. Patients with the orphan disease, familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia (FHA), are characterized by decreased tissue cholesterol removal and an increased atherogenic burden. We performed an open-label uncontrolled proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effect of infusions with a human apoA-I-containing HDL-mimetic particle (CER-001) on RCT and the arterial vessel wall in FHA. Subjects received 20 infusions of CER-001 (8 mg/kg) during 6 months. Efficacy was assessed by measuring (apo)lipoproteins, plasma-mediated cellular cholesterol efflux, fecal sterol excretion (FSE), and carotid artery wall dimension by MRI and artery wall inflammation by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans. We included seven FHA patients: HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c), 13.8 [1.8–29.1] mg/dl; apoA-I, 28.7 [7.9–59.1] mg/dl. Following nine infusions in 1 month, apoA-I and HDL-c increased directly after infusion by 27.0 and 16.1 mg/dl ( P = 0.018). CER-001 induced a 44% relative increase ( P = 0.018) in in vitro cellular cholesterol efflux with a trend toward increased FSE ( P = 0.068). After nine infusions of CER-001, carotid mean vessel wall area decreased compared with baseline from 25.0 to 22.8 mm 2 ( P = 0.043) and target-to-background ratio from 2.04 to 1.81 ( P = 0.046). In FHA-subjects, CER-001 stimulates cholesterol mobilization and reduces artery wall dimension and inflammation, supporting further evaluation of CER-001 in FHA patients. 相似文献
19.
apoA-I plays important structural and functional roles in reverse cholesterol transport. We have described the molecular structure of the N-terminal domain, Δ(185-243) by X-ray crystallography. To understand the role of the C-terminal domain, constructs with sequential elongation of Δ(185-243), by increments of 11-residue sequence repeats were studied and compared with Δ(185-243) and WT apoA-I. Constructs up to residue 230 showed progressively decreased percent α-helix with similar numbers of helical residues, similar detergent and lipid binding affinity, and exposed hydrophobic surface. These observations suggest that the C-terminal domain is unstructured with the exception of the last 11-residue repeat (H10B). Similar monomer-dimer equilibrium suggests that the H10B region is responsible for nonspecific aggregation. Cholesterol efflux progressively increased with elongation up to ∼60% of full-length apoA-I in the absence of the H10B. In summary, the sequential repeats in the C-terminal domain are probably unstructured with the exception of H10B. This segment appears to be responsible for initiation of lipid binding and aggregation, as well as cholesterol efflux, and thus plays a vital role during HDL formation. Based on these observations and the Δ(185-243) crystal structure, we propose a lipid-free apoA-I structural model in solution and update the mechanism of HDL biogenesis. 相似文献
20.
A fraction of plasma transthyretin (TTR) circulates in HDL through binding to apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). Moreover, TTR is able to cleave the C terminus of lipid-free apoA-I. In this study, we addressed the relevance of apoA-I cleavage by TTR in lipoprotein metabolism and in the formation of apoA-I amyloid fibrils. We determined that TTR may also cleave lipidated apoA-I, with cleavage being more effective in the lipid-poor prebeta-HDL subpopulation. Upon TTR cleavage, discoidal HDL particles displayed a reduced capacity to promote cholesterol efflux from cholesterol-loaded THP-1 macrophages. In similar assays, TTR-containing HDL from mice expressing human TTR in a TTR knockout background had a decreased ability to perform reverse cholesterol transport compared with similar particles from TTR knockout mice, reinforcing the notion that cleavage by TTR reduces the ability of apoA-I to promote cholesterol efflux. As amyloid deposits composed of N-terminal apoA-I fragments are common in the atherosclerotic intima, we assessed the impact of TTR cleavage on apoA-I aggregation and fibrillar growth. We determined that TTR-cleaved apoA-I has a high propensity to form aggregated particles and that it formed fibrils faster than full-length apoA-I, as assessed by electron microscopy. Our results show that apoA-I cleavage by TTR may affect HDL biology and the development of atherosclerosis by reducing cholesterol efflux and increasing the apoA-I amyloidogenic potential. 相似文献
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