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色氨酰ｔＲＮＡ合成酶 (ＴｒｐＲＳ)在蛋白质合成系统中具有非常重要的地位。通过蛋白质同源模建得到了枯草杆菌 (Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ)色氨酰ｔＲＮＡ合成酶的三维结构。模建结果对色氨酰ｔＲＮＡ合成酶可能与ｔＲＮＡＴｒｐ结合的方式给出了预测。ｔＲＮＡＴｒｐ是跨亚基与ＴｒｐＲＳ相互作用的。一个ｔＲＮＡＴｒｐ分子的反密码环和氨基酸接受茎分别与一个ＴｒｐＲＳ的两个亚基相互作用。图中所示 ,红色和黄色分别代表两个ｔＲＮＡＴｒｐ分子 ,绿色和蓝色分别代表ＴｒｐＲＳ的两个亚基。　　ＴｈｅＦｒｏｎｔＣｏｖｅｒＳｈ…     

固定化村草杆菌色氨酰—tRNA合成酶

为研究ｔＲＮＡ＾Ｔｒｐ与色氨酰－ｔＲＮＡ合成酶（ＴｒｐＲＳ）的相互识别及其结构、功能关系,纯化了枯草杆菌ＴｒｐＲＳ并用溴化氰活化的Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ将ＴｒｐＲＳ固定化,固定化ＴｒｐＲＳ的蛋白质回收率为为９５．５％,活力回收率为３１．３％。研究了固定化ＴｒｐＲＳ的酶学性质。其热稳定性和贮存稳定性方面均比液相ＴｒｐＲＳ有了较大的提高,最适温度、最适ｐＨ均有一定程度的增大,工作稳定性良好。以固定化Ｔ     

固定化枯草杆菌色氨酰tRNA合成酶(英文)

为研究ｔＲＮＡＴｒｐ 与色氨酰ｔＲＮＡ合成酶（ＴｒｐＲＳ） 的相互识别及其结构、功能关系, 纯化了枯草杆菌ＴｒｐＲＳ并用溴化氰活化的Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ ４Ｂ 将ＴｒｐＲＳ固定化, 固定化ＴｒｐＲＳ的蛋白质回收率为９５ ．５ ％ , 活力回收率为３１．３％ 。研究了固定化ＴｒｐＲＳ的酶学性质, 其热稳定性和贮存稳定性方面均比液相ＴｒｐＲＳ有了较大的提高, 最适温度、最适ｐＨ 均有一定程度的增大, 工作稳定性良好。以固定化ＴｒｐＲＳ为亲和层析介质, 对含有２０ 个核苷酸随机序列、长度为５６ 个核苷酸的单链ＲＮＡ 随机库进行了３ 轮筛选,ＲＮＡ 群体亲和固定化ＴｒｐＲＳ的比例从４ ．３ ％ 上升至１４ ．７ ％ 。筛选得到了与ｔＲＮＡＴｒｐ 氨基酸接受茎类似的ＲＮＡ二级结构。实验结果表明固定化ＴｒｐＲＳ可以作为ＳＥＬＥＸ 亲和层析介质, 进行模拟ｔＲＮＡＴｒｐ 分子的ＲＮＡ 随机库的ＳＥＬＥＸ 筛选。     

tDNA^Trp识别位碱基的研究

识别位碱基Ｇ７３,为ｔＲＮＡ＾Ｔｒｐ的主要个性元件之一,ｔＤＮＡ＾Ｔｒｐ－ＮＣＣｒＡ的氨酰化活力测定及圆二色谱均表明在相同的ｐＨ条件下,识别位碱基的改变将影响到ｔＲＮＡ３′端的构象,而具有同一识别位碱基的ｔＤＮＡ＾Ｔｒｐ在不同ｐＨ条件下,亦显示出不同的构象及氨酰化活力,ｔＤＮＡ＾Ｔｒｐ的研究表明,是ｔＲＮＡ的构象而不是碱基本身决定了ｔＲＮＡ与其相应合成酶之间的精确识别。     

精胺对牛肝tRNA^lle氨基酰化的刺激作用

本实验用纯化的牛肝异亮氨酸ｔＲＮＡ（ｔＲＮＡ＾Ｉｌｅ）和异亮氨酰ｔＲＮＡ合成酶,研究了精胺对Ｉｌｅ－ｔＲＮＡ复合物形成及ＩｌｅＲＳ活性的作用。结果表明：精胺能特异地促使牛肝ｔＲＮＡ＾Ｉｌｅ氨基酰化反应;对ＩｌｅＲＳ活性无影响;能明显地增加形成Ｉｌｅ－ｔＲＮＡ复合物反应的Ｖｍａｘ和ｔＲＮＡ＾Ｉｌｅ的Ｋｍ值。     

大肠杆菌tRNA~(Leu)的提取、纯化及性质研究

采用高表达大肠杆菌ｔＲＮＡＬｅｕ菌株提取、纯化了亮氨酸等受体转移核糖核酸ｔＲＮＡＬｅｕ１和ｔＲＮＡＬｅｕ２．利用稳态动力学手段研究了ｔＲＮＡＬｅｕ１及脱镁ｔＲＮＡＬｅｕ１在不同稀土离子作用下与纯化亮氨酰－ｔＲＮＡ合成酶的氨酰化作用．ｔＲＮＡＬｅｕ１与亮氨酰－ｔＲＮＡ合成酶的结合及催化效率均受参与稀土离子的影响,表观Ｋｍ值有较明显的变化．结果表明,亮氨酰－ｔＲＮＡ合成酶催化的ｔＲＮＡＬｅｕ１氨酰化反应所需Ｍｇ２＋能够被稀土离子取代,但亲合性能不同．     

水稻线粒体tRNATrp突变体的克隆和氨酰化活力鉴定

为了研究tRNATrp的氨基酸接受茎中除两对半碱基以外的特异性元件,设计并完成了4种水稻线粒体tRNATrp向枯草杆菌tRNATrp的突变体(MPB0,G1A和U5G/A68C;MPB1,C2G/G71C:MPB2,C4G/G69C;MPB3,C2G/G71C和C4G/G69C),体外转录并用枯草杆菌和人这两种不同种属来源的色氨酰tRNA合成酶(TrpRS)测定了这些tRNATrp分子的氨酰化活力(Kcat/KM.结果表明,这些突变体具有被枯草杆菌TrpRS氨酰化的能力,与野生型水稻线粒体tRNATrp>相比,MPB0被枯草杆菌TrpRS氨酰化的活力提高了5倍,MPB1和MPB2被枯草杆菌TrpRS氨酰化的活力分别提高了40和53倍,MPB3则提高了140倍,为野生型枯草杆菌tRNATrp>的34%,而人色氨酰tRNA合成酶氨酰化这4个突变体的活力都很微弱.揭示了水稻线粒体tRNATrp>氨基酸接受茎上的2个碱基对C2/G71和C4/G69的突变,对枯草杆菌TrpRS的识别起重要作用,由此推测,接受茎上的2个碱基对C2/G71和C4/G69也是线粒体tRNATrp>重要的特异性元件.     

水稻线粒体tRNA^Trp突变体的克隆和氨酰化活力鉴定

为了研究tRNA^Trp的氨基酸接受茎中除两对半碱基以外的特异性元件,设计并完成了4种水稻线粒体tRNA^Trp向枯草杆菌tRNA^Trp的突变体（MPB0,G1A和U5G／A68C;MPB1,C2G／G71C;MPB2,C4G／G69C;MPB3,C2G／G71C和C4G／G69C）,体外转录并用枯草杆菌和人这两种不同种属来源的色氨酰tRNA合成酶（TrpRS）N定了这些tRNA^Trp分子的氨酰化活力（Kcat／KM）．结果表明,这些突变体具有被枯草杆菌TrpRS氨酰化的能力,与野生型水稻线粒体tRNA^Trp相比,MPB0被枯草杆菌TrpRS氨酰化的活力提高了5倍,MPB1和MPB2被枯草杆菌TrpRS氨酰化的活力分别提高了40和53倍,MPB3则提高了140倍,为野生型枯草杆菌tRNA^Trp的34％,而人色氨酰tRNA合成酶氨酰化这4个突变体的活力都很微弱．揭示了水稻线粒体tRNA^Trp氨基酸接受茎上的2个碱基对C2／G71和C4／G69的突变,对枯草杆菌TrpRS的识别起重要作用,由此推测,接受茎上的2个碱基对C2／G71和C4／G69也是线粒体tRNA^Trp重要的特异性元件．     

大肠杆菌精氨酰—tRNA合成酶变种ArgRS381KA的基本性质

本文研究了Ｌｙ３８１变为Ａｌａ的精氨酰－ｔＲＮＡ合成酶（ＡｒｇＲＳ）变种ＡｒｇＲＳ３８１ＫＡ的最适ｐＨ和稳态动力学性质;比较了此酶与天然酶ＡｒｇＲＳ的荧光光谱性质和热稳定性。实验结果表明ＡｒｇＲＳ３８１ＫＡ的氨酰化活力和ＡＴＰ￣ＰＰｉ交换活力的最适ｐＨ分别为８．０和７．０,与天然酶相同;ＡｒｇＲＳ３８１ＫＡ的氨酰化活力对精氨酸、ＡＴＰ和ｔＲＮＡ＾Ａｒｇ的Ｋｍ分别为１２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ、０．３ｍｍｏｌ／     

3种水稻线粒体tRNA~(Trp)突变体的克隆和活力鉴定

 设计并完成了 3种水稻线粒体tRNATrp的突变 ,体外转录并用枯草杆菌和人色氨酰tRNA合成酶 (TrpRS)对tRNATrp及其突变体进行了活力测定 .3种突变体的氨酰化活力比野生型水稻线粒体tRNATrp分别上升了 1 8、1 5和 5倍 .说明A1 U72和G5 C68对于提高线粒体tRNATrp被细胞质TrpRS氨酰化能力的作用并不大 ,细胞质tRNATrp与细胞质TrpRS的识别方式并不适用于线粒体tRNATrp与细胞质TrpRS的相互识别 .研究结果对于了解线粒体tRNATrp和细胞质TrpRS的相互识别及药物设计有重要意义     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.