牛红细胞超氧化物歧化酶活性中心的紫外光谱研究

应用差示分光光度法研究了牛红细胞Ｃｕ２Ｚｎ２ＳＯＤ的紫外光谱,归属和讨论了酶活性中心金属离子与配体间全部电荷转移谱带,给出了相应的配体轨道光学电负性,特别研究了涉及Ｚｎ２＋的电荷转移谱带．     

六种氨基酸混合物溶液的紫外光谱的人工神经元网络定量分析研究

把人工神经网络用于六种氨基酸(酪氨酸、色氨酸、苯丙氨酸、胱氨酸、组氨酸,3,4—二羟基苯丙氨酸)混合物紫外光谱的定量分析,以酪氨酸为例,不经分离测定了混合溶液中酪氨酸的含量,为氨基酸的多组分分析提供了一种新方法。并与卡尔曼滤波方法进行了比较,表明神经网络在一些方面优于卡尔曼滤波方法。     

紫穗槐果实和叶子的紫外光谱指纹图谱研究

本文通过研究紫穗槐的紫外光谱指纹图谱,鉴别紫穗槐及其混淆品。分别取紫穗槐果实和叶子各19个样品以及6个混淆品,应用紫外光谱法对其共有峰和特征峰进行检测。结果显示:紫穗槐果实有2个共有峰,其峰值比为1.330:1;紫穗槐叶有4个共有峰,其峰值比1.45:1:0.71:0.69。     

半夏类药材紫外光谱聚类分析

目的：鉴别半夏及其混伪品,确立半夏各变异类型间的关系。方法：采用紫外光谱聚类分析。结果：紫外光谱聚类分析可从某溶剂提取成分的数量特征初步判别半夏与其混伪品,反映各类型之间的亲疏远近关系;结论：双生珠芽半夏、多头半夏和4-5裂叶半夏与半夏居群其它变异类型的关系较为复杂,存在居群内遗传分化,但这种遗传分化是否足以导致半夏种系分化值得进一步研究。4-5裂叶半夏是否为普通半夏与掌叶半夏的中间类型有待于研究。     

紫外光谱检测香菇液体和固体菌丝麦角甾醇

对香茹液体或固体菌丝湿样进行麦角甾醇的紫外检测,在波长293、282和 271nm处获得典型吸收峰,与麦角甾醇标准品图谱一致。将标准麦角甾醇与试样一起处理,其典型峰位的光密度值小于二者的光密度值之和,其差值按加入的标准品浓度估算可达133％～50％。标准品回收率为83％～87％。     

六种氨基酸混合物溶液的紫外光谱的人工神经元网络定量分析研究

把人工神经网络用于六种氨基酸(酪氨酸、色氨酸、苯丙氨酸、胱氨酸、组氨酸,3,4—二羟基苯丙氨酸)混合物紫外光谱的定量分析,以酪氨酸为例,不经分离测定了混合溶液中酪氨酸的含量,为氨基酸的多组分分析提供了一种新方法。并与卡尔曼滤波方法进行了比较,表明神经网络在一些方面优于卡尔曼滤波方法。     

鄂西大蓟根的化学成分的研究

本题对菊科蓟属植物鄂西大蓟根Cirsium henryi的化学成分进行系统研究。采用硅胶柱色谱法分离了五个单体成分并以光谱分析法鉴定它们的结构:乙酰丁香酸(p-Hydroxycinnamic acid,1),原儿茶酸(protocate-chuic acid,2),香草酸(vanillic acid,3),二羟丙基软脂酸酯(2,3-dihydroxypropyl hexadecanoate,4)和胡萝卜苷(glucoraphenin,5)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

葵花大蓟亲脂性化学成分研究

从葵花大蓟地上部分的提取物中分离得到6个化合物.利用现代波谱技术鉴定为山奈甲黄素(1)、芹菜素(2)、刺槐素(3)、3β-羟基豆甾-5-烯-7-酮(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6).以ABTS 自由基清除实验表明化合物1、2具有良好的抗氧化活性.化合物1~6均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

辣萝中芦丁的薄层及紫外光谱鉴别

目的：确定辣蓼中有效成分芦丁的定性鉴别和总黄酮含量的测定方法。方法：采用薄层层析（TLC）、紫外分光光度法（UV）对辣蓼分别进行理化鉴别和含量测定。结果：芦丁确系辣蓼中主要有效成分;同时建立UV检测中浓度在0．00808—0．04848mg／ml范围内与吸收度间的具有良好线性关系,其回归方程为A：11．4716C-0．0003（r=0．9928,n=6）,平均回收率为97．95％（11SD=1．88％）;辣蓼样品中总黄酮的平均含量为1．939％。结论：本方法简便、快速、准确;为辣蓼开发新药及其相关质量标准的研究提供了依据。     

紫外指纹图谱结合化学计量学对黄精基原植物的鉴别

运用紫外光谱技术结合化学计量学,建立快速鉴别不同基原黄精的方法。通过单因素实验确定黄精最佳提取溶剂、时间和用量,制备测试液,采用紫外光谱技术建立3种基原黄精的紫外指纹图谱,光谱数据转化后进行主成分(PCA)和系统聚类分析(HCA)。该方法重现性、精密度、稳定性较好,结果表明不同种类黄精紫外指纹图谱具有指纹特性,3种基原植物黄精紫外光谱图在210 nm、220 nm、280 nm附近差异明显;聚类分析和主成分分析三维投影图反映出不同种类黄精的化学成分积累具有差异,能较好地区分滇黄精(Polygonatumkingianum)、黄精(P.sibiricum)与多花黄精(P.cyrtonema)。紫外光谱结合化学计量学能快速鉴别不同种类黄精,可作为黄精的鉴别和质量控制新方法,为黄精临床应用、资源开发及黄精属植物分类提供辅助方法。     

Differentiation of Cirsium japonicum and C. setosum by TLC and HPLC-MS

The Chinese Pharmacopoeia indicates the use of field thistle (Cirsium setosum) and Japanese field thistle (C. japonicum) in the treatment of bleeding and inflammation. In the absence of an analytical method for the differentiation and analysis of these two species, TLC and HPLC-MS methods have been developed for this purpose. Both species could be readily distinguished by their flavonoid pattern as revealed by TLC on silica gel layers eluted with ethyl acetate:formic acid:acetic acid:water. The quantitative determination of four flavonoids, namely hispidulin-7-neohesperidoside, linarin, pectolinarin and luteolin, was possible using HPLC. Their optimum separation was achieved on a C12 column eluted with water and 0.025% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile. HPLC-MS experiments were performed to confirm peak identity. In samples of C. japonicum, pectolinarin was the major flavonoid (0.32-2.00%), followed by linarin, hispidulin-7-neohesperidoside and luteolin; the total flavonoid content varied from 0.81 to 3.67%. In C. setosum only one flavonoid (linarin; 1.36-2.83%) was assignable. The HPLC method was validated for linearity, limit of detection (< or = 1.7 ng on-column), peak purity, repeatability (< or = 2.3%) and accuracy (recovery rates of spiked samples were between 99.2 and 101.6%).     

Biologically synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Cirsium japonicum var. maackii extract and the study of anti-cancer properties on AGS gastric cancer cells

Plant extract-mediated synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) is an eco-friendly and cost-effective biosynthesis method that is more suitable for biological applications than chemical ones. We prepared novel gold NPs (AuNPs), Cirsium japonicum mediated-AuNPs (CJ-AuNPs), using a biosynthetic process involving Cirsium japonicum (Herba Cirsii, CJ) ethanol extract. The physicochemical properties of CJ-AuNPs were characterized using spectrometric and microscopic analyses. The in vitro stability of CJ-AuNPs was studied for 3 months. Moreover, the selective human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cell killing ability of CJ-AuNPs was verified in cancer and normal cells. An in vitro study revealed that CJ-AuNPs trigger oxidative stress and iron-dependent ferroptosis in AGS cells. Mechanistically, CJ-AuNPs induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe²⁺, and lipid peroxidation accumulation, and mitochondrial damage by destroying the glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4)-dependent antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, in a xenograft mouse model implanted with AGS cells, treatment with 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg CJ-AuNPs for 16 days reduced tumor xenograft growth in a dose dependent manner in vivo without systemic toxicity. These results demonstrate that CJ-AuNPs exert anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo by inducing ferroptosis-mediated cancer cell death. This study, based on green-synthesized nanodrug-induced ferroptosis, provides new insight into potential developments in cancer therapies.     

中药大蓟化学成分的研究

从大蓟的50％乙醇提取物中分离得到2个木脂素：（-）2-（3’-甲氧基4’-羟基-苯基）-3,4-二羟基4-（3＂-4＂-羟基-苄基）-3-四氢呋哺甲醇（1）和络石苷（2）,以及另外6个化合物：蒙花苷（3）、柳穿鱼叶苷（4）、粗毛豚草素（5）、芹菜素（6）、咖啡酸（7）和对-香豆酸（8）。本文首次在蓟属植物中发现木脂素类成分,化合物7也为首次从本植物中分离得到,通过体外玻片法对化合物1—8进行凝血活性测定,发现化合物3、4具有一定的促凝血作用。     

龙血竭不同类型酚性成分的分离及紫外光谱特征

采用硅胶、反相硅胶、Toyopearl HW-40、Sephadex LH-20等柱层析以及高效液相色谱(HPLC)制备,从龙血竭的氯仿部分分离纯化得到22个化合物。经波谱分析鉴定为对羟基苯甲醛(1)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚(2)、对羟基苯乙酮(3)、7,4’-二羟基黄烷(4)、(2S)-7,4’-二羟基8-甲基黄烷(5)、5,4’-二羟基7-甲氧基6-甲基黄烷(6)、(2S)-7,3’-二羟基4’-甲氧基黄烷(7)、7,4’-二羟基高异黄烷(8)、龙血素A(9)、龙血素B(10)、龙血素C(11)、2,4’-二羟基4-甲氧基二氢查耳酮(12)、4,4’-二羟基-2,6-二甲氧基二氢查耳酮(13)、6,4’-二羟基-2,4-二甲氧基二氢查耳酮(14)、剑叶龙血素D(15)、syringaresinol(16)、pinoresinol(17)、medioresinol(18)、(+)-lyoniresinol(19)、dihydrodehydrodiconifery alcohol(20)、3-methyl resveratrol(21)、紫檀芪(22)。其中化合物1~3、14、17~20为首次从云南龙血竭中得到。对其紫外特征光谱图分析发现:龙血竭中不同类型酚性成分紫外光谱特征有很大的差异,可用HPLC-DAD在线识别化合物的类型,指导酚性成分的分离纯化。     

滨海前胡生药组织学研究

采用性状鉴定及显微鉴定法对滨海前胡Peucedanum japonicum的生药组织学特征进行系统研究。结果表明,根木栓层中夹杂近方形或长圆形石细胞,油管呈环状散在;茎圆柱形有纵棱脊25～40条,棱脊内有厚角组织及油管,维管束于各棱脊处较发达;叶为等面叶,维管束上下方及韧皮部均有油管,薄壁细胞含有放射状或针簇状的橙皮苷结晶。以上生药组织学特征稳定、可靠,可作为滨海前胡的鉴别依据之一。     

海金沙配子体形态学特征的新观察

海金沙[Lygodium japonicum(Thunb)Sw.]是常见的药用蕨类之一。在人工培养条件下,利用光学显微镜详细观察其配子体发育的过程。在前人工作的基础上,补充了丝状体较短,2~3细胞长,片状体和幼原叶体发育多样,成熟原叶体心形,具单细胞或两细胞的毛状体,单细胞的假根,内含叶绿体或根尖膨大等,从海金沙配子体特征看说明其为系统进化的中间类群。孢子人工培养得到大量的海金沙幼孢子体,为保护性开发利用该资源奠定基础。     

Cirsium japonicum var. maackii and apigenin block Hif‐2α‐induced osteoarthritic cartilage destruction

Although Hif‐2α is a master regulator of catabolic factor expression in osteoarthritis development, Hif‐2α inhibitors remain undeveloped. The aim of this study was to determine whether Cirsium japonicum var. maackii (CJM) extract and one of its constituents, apigenin, could attenuate the Hif‐2α‐induced cartilage destruction implicated in osteoarthritis progression. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that CJM reduced the IL‐1β‐, IL‐6, IL‐17‐ and TNF‐α‐induced up‐regulation of MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and COX‐2 and blocked osteoarthritis development in a destabilization of the medial meniscus mouse model. Activation of Hif‐2α, which directly up‐regulates MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, IL‐6 and COX‐2 expression, is inhibited by CJM extract. Although cirsimarin, cirsimaritin and apigenin are components of CJM and can reduce inflammation, only apigenin effectively reduced Hif‐2α expression and inhibited Hif‐2α‐induced MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, IL‐6 and COX‐2 expression in articular chondrocytes. IL‐1β induction of JNK phosphorylation and IκB degradation, representing a critical pathway for Hif‐2α expression, was completely blocked by apigenin in a concentration‐dependent manner. Collectively, these effects indicate that CJM and one of its most potent constituents, apigenin, can lead to the development of therapeutic agents for blocking osteoarthritis development as novel Hif‐2α inhibitors.     

Degradation of catechin by Bradyrhizobium japonicum

Rhizobia utilize phenolic substances as sole carbonsource. Bradyrhizobium japonicum utilizescatechin, a unit of condensed tannin as carbonsource. To establish the degradative pathway ofcatechin, the products of catechin degradation wereisolated by paper chromatography and TLC andidentified by HPLC, UV, IR and NMR spectra. B.japonicum cleaves catechin through catechinoxygenase. Phloroglucinolcarboxylic acid andprotocatechuic acid were identified as the initialproducts of degradation. Phloroglucinolcarboxylicacid is further decarboxylated to phloroglucinolwhich is dehydroxylated to resorcinol. Resorcinolis hydroxylated to hydroxyquinol. Protocatechuicacid and hydroxyquinol undergo intradiol cleavagethrough protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase andhydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase to form-carboxy cis, cis-muconic acidand maleylacetate respectively. The enzymes ofcatechin degradative pathway are inducible. Estimation of all the enzymes involved in thecatabolism of catechin reveals the existence of acatechin degradative pathway in B. japonicum.     

紫外线辐射对蓝藻细胞活性的影响

紫外线辐射 2种蓝藻Anabaena 6 3l和Anabaenaazollae不同时间 ,用UV30 0 0分光光度计测定活体连续吸收光谱 ,并测定细胞存活率。结果发现紫外线辐射对这 2种蓝藻的光合色素有不同程度的破坏作用 ;紫外线辐射 2min左右就可以杀死全部的A .6 3l和A .azollae细胞。实验还证实了小剂量刺激效应的存在。