色木槭的变异式样及其分类学

色木槭(Aeer mono Maxim.)是分布于亚洲东部的一个变异极大的种。本文报道了7个亚种:色木槭(原亚种)(subsp.mono);海岛色木槭(亚种)(subsp.marmoraturn(Nichols.)T.Z.Hsu);毛萼色木槭(亚种)(subsp.glabrum(Levl.et Vant.)T.Z.Hsu);里光色木槭(亚种)(subsp.trichobasis(Nakai)T.Z.Hsu);金沙色木槭(亚种)(subsp.tricuspis(Rehd.)T.Z.Hsu);弯翅色木槭(亚种)(subsp.incurvaturn(Fang et P.L.Chiu)T.Z.Hsu);粉绿色木槭(亚种)(subsp.glaucum(Koidz.)T.Z.Hsu),讨论了其变异式样和地理分布。     

浅谈万寿菊的开发利用

万寿菊为一年生草本,系菊科(Compositae)万寿菊属(Tagetes L.)Nehes(1966),可分成两个亚属——Tagetes Subgenus(万寿菊)亚属和Lucida亚属。万寿菊约有40余种,常见的栽培和变种有小万寿菊(T.minuta L.)万寿菊(T.esecta L.)、孔雀草(T.patula L.)香叶万寿菊(T.lucida car.)、细叶万寿菊(T.temlifalia HBK)。它们大都由世界各地栽培的万寿菊变异而来。万寿菊植株高约60～100厘米。茎直立,粗壮,多分枝。叶对生,羽状深裂,裂片长椭圆形或披针形,长2.5～5厘米,边缘有尖锯齿,齿端有     

金佛山附地菜;重庆紫草科一新种

四川重庆市南川的金佛山拥有丰富的植物区系,其紫草科附地菜属有5种,1变种:长梗附地菜(Trigonotis mairei(Lévl.)Johnst.),毛果附地菜(T.macrophylla Van.var.trichocarpa Hand.Mazz),西南附地菜(T.cavaleriei(Lévl.) Hand.Mazz.),附地菜(T.peduncularis(Trev.) Benth.ex Bad     

中国韧革菌(Ⅱ)

本文报道中国韧革菌科(Stereaceae Pilat)真菌15种和1亚种,隶属于血革菌属(Haematostereum Pouzar)、齿脉菌属(Lopharia Kalchbr.& MacOwan)和柄杆菌属(Podoscypha Patouillard).其中有3个新组合种和2个新记录种,它们是:厚血革菌(Haematostereum australe(Lloyd)Z.T.Guo,comb.nov.)、紫灰血革菌(Haematostereum illudens(Berk.)Z.T.Guo,comb.nov.)、金丝血革菌(Haematostereum spectabile(Kl.)Z.T.Guo,comb。nov.)、纸状齿脉菌(Lopharia papyracea(Jungh.)Reid)和无毛柄杯菌(Podoscypha glabrescens(Berk.& Curt.)Boidin)。标本全部保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)。     

中国韧革菌(Ⅲ)

本文报道中国韧革菌科(Stereaceae Pilat)真菌17种,隶属于柄革菌属(Stereopsis Reid)。韧革菌属(Stereum Hill:Persoon)和刷革菌属(Xylobolus Karsten)。其中有3个新种,1个新组合种和2个新记录种,它们是:厚盖柄革菌(Stereopsis crassipileata Z.T.Guo,sp.nov.)、细柄柄革菌(S.gracilistipitata Z.T.Guo,sp.nov.),假杯柄革菌(S.pseudocupulata Z.T.Guo,sp。nov.)、掌状柄革菌(S.craspedia(Fr.)Z.T.Guo,comb.nov.)、瓣裂柄革菌(S.hiscens(Berk. & Rav.)Reid)和蛋黄柄革菌(S.uitellina(Plowr.)Reid)。标本全部保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)。     

两种匍灯藓属植物夏季和冬季光合特性的比较研究

分别对生长于冬季和夏季的五倍子蚜虫冬寄主藓类植物湿地匍灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)T.Kop.)和侧枝葡灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)T.Kop.)的净光合速率及其与光照、温度的关系进了比较研究.结果表明,2种藓类的最大光合能力在夏季分别为125.67和94.63μmolCO2     

杏属一新变种和变型

本文发表了杏属一新变种和变型,即溆浦杏Armeniaca holosericea(Batal.)Kost.var.xupuensis T.Z.Li和大果辽杏A.mandshurica(Maxim.)Skv.f.major T.Z.Li     

中国玉兰属两新种

描述了中国木兰科玉兰属两新种,奇叶玉兰(Yulania mirifolia D.L.Fu,T B Zhao etZ.X.Chen,sp.nov.)和青皮玉兰(Yulania viridula D.L.Fu,T B Zhao et G.H.Tian,sp.nov.)的形态特征和分布情况,并与近缘种进行了比较。     

广东省苔藓植物分布新记录

对车八岭国家级自然保护区苔藓植物进行全面的标本采集并鉴定,发现6个广东新记录物种,分别为拟网藓[Syrrhopodon parasiticus (Sw. ex Brid.) Besch.]、拟透明凤尾藓(Fissidens bogoriensis M. Fleisch.)、微形凤尾藓东亚亚种[Fissidens closteri subsp. kiusiuensis (Sakurai) Z. Iwats.]、无边匐灯藓[Plagiomnium elimbatum (M. Fleisch.) T. Kop.]、异叶小羽藓[Haplocladium larminatii (Broth. et Par.) Broth.]和东亚小羽藓[Haplocladium strictulum (Card.) Reim.]。     

两型地里恙螨的研究

恙螨的种型分化问题,目前尚未见到有专题的报导。Womersley(1952)在“亚洲太平洋地区的恙螨”一书中,对红恙螨 Trombicula(Leptotrombidium)akamushi(Brumpt,1910)和地里恙螨Trombicula (L.)deliensis(Walch,1923)等在东南亚地区分布较广的恙螨做了不同地区标本体上各部分标准测量数差别的比较记录;对具有地区性形态差异的 T.hirsti Sambon,1927 则分为 f.(型)nissanensis Womersley,1952和 f.hakei Radford,1946等两型(form);对同一地区形态上有差异的Schongastia(Ascoschongastia)cairnsen-sis(Womersley et Heaslip,1943)则定为 var.gateri(Womersley et Heaslip,1943)(变种)。佐佐学(1956)报告了日本的 T.(L.)miyazakii Sasa et al,1951;T.(L.)pallidaNagayo et al,1919;T.(L.)palpalis Nagayo et al,1919; T.(N.)mitamurai Sasa etal.,1950和 Gahrliepia(G.)saduski Womersley,1952等5种恙螨存在有地区性的形态差异。     

中国近海银鲳线粒体COⅠ基因序列变异分析

对采自黄海、东海和南海的7个银鲳群体的线粒体COⅠ基因序列变异进行分析,研究银鲳的遗传多样性、遗传结构和群体历史动态。在所分析的111个个体中检测到16个单倍型。7个群体呈现出高的单倍型多样性（h=0.564～0.688） 和低的核苷酸多样性（π=0.001～0.003）。单倍型遗传学关系、两两群体间的F_ST值和分子方差分析均表明中国近海7个银鲳群体间的遗传分化不显著。中性检验和核苷酸不配对分析均表明中国近海银鲳经历了晚更新世的群体扩张事件,扩张时间约为6.0×10⁴～1.04×10⁵ 年前。研究结果表明,银鲳的卵和幼体具有较强的扩散能力、中国近海的海洋环流以及近期的群体扩张可能是造成中国近海银鲳群体在线粒体COⅠ基因序列上存在较高的遗传同质性的原因。     

毛锦藓科中国新记录种——卷边麻锦藓

报道了产自广西的毛锦藓科1中国新记录种——卷边麻锦藓[Taxithelium kerianum(Broth.)Broth.],提供了该种详细的形态描述和图版,并编制了麻锦藓属的分种检索表,明确了卷边麻锦藓与中国分布的麻锦藓属其它种类之间的形态差别。该种主要分布在南亚及其附近地区,为典型的热带藓类。     

ASAPHOID TRILOBITES FROM THE ARENIG–LLANVIRN OF THE SOUTH CHINA PLATE

Abstract:  Twenty-nine Arenig and Llanvirn trilobite species, representing 20 genera in the Asaphidae, Cyclopygidae, Dikelokephalinidae, Nileidae, Raphiophoridae, Remopleurididae, Taihungshaniidae and Trinucleidae, are treated in a taxonomic review of the South Chinese Asaphida. This review is based on large collections of trilobite material made from five formations at nine localities in western Hubei, northern Hunan and southern Shaanxi, representing a wide range of benthic marine environments across the Yangtze Platform and Jiangnan Transitional Belt regions of the South China Plate. Most South Chinese representatives of the Asaphidae are reassigned to the Nobiliasaphinae on the basis of cranidial and hypostomal characters, and taxonomic revisions are given for Liomegalaspides and Opsimasaphus pseudodawanicus . Taihungshania shui and T . tachengssuensis are revised and redescribed, and the establishment of lectotypes for these species and T . brevica clarifies the status of the type material of Taihungshania . Nileus walcotti is revised and restricted biogeographically to the South China Plate; material from Xinjiang previously assigned to this species is reassigned to N .  sericeus sp. nov. The new raphiophorid species Raphioampyx sinankylosus is described. Aocaspis , Incaia and Raphioampyx are recorded for the first time from South China, and the latter two genera are also recorded for the first time from the Arenig.     

Identification of Taenia asiatica in China: molecular,morphological, and epidemiological analysis of a Luzhai isolate

Multiple analysis has characterized a recently described tapeworm of people, Taenia asiatica, in mainland China. Six adult tapeworms collected from people of the Zhuang minority residing in the southern part of China (Luzhai isolate) were comparatively analyzed with other tapeworms from people: T. asiatica (n = 2, South Korea), T. saginata (n = 1, Poland; n = 1, Korea), and T. solium (n = 1, People's Republic of China). Experimental infections with eggs from the Luzhai isolate in pigs and cattle produced cysticerci, each with a hookletless scolex and with wartlike formations on the external surface of the bladder wall. There were rostellar protrusions in the scolices of adult worms. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis using 3 arbitrary primers produced bands identical to those of the Korean T. asiatica. Conversely, T. saginata and T. solium exhibited different banding patterns. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from the complete nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer 2 placed the Chinese tapeworms consistently within the T. asiatica clade by 96% bootstrapping value in the maximum likelihood analysis, 96% in maximum parsimony, and 100% in neighbor joining. These collective data demonstrate that T. asiatica is sympatrically distributed with the other 2 species of Taenia in the human host in mainland China.     

中国叶蜂属(膜翅目,叶蜂科)二新种

记述了中国叶蜂属Tenthredo L.两新种:衡山短角叶蜂Tenthredo hengshana Wei et Yan,sp.nov.和红盾槌腹叶蜂Tenthredo pseudocylindrica Wei et He,sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存在中南林业科技大学昆虫模式标本室。1衡山短角叶蜂,新种Tenthredo hengshana Wei et Yan,sp.nov.鉴别特征本种与贵州分布的宽带短角叶蜂Tenthredo latistriatena Wei,2005最近似,但本种体型稍大(体长13mm),背面观后头两侧膨大,前翅烟斑内侧仅伸抵1M室基部,后眶下半部、前胸背板后缘和外侧缘、小盾片前部3/5、附片、后胸后背板大部、中胸前侧片后部中央向前弯曲的条斑、中胸后侧片后缘宽边、腹部第1背板中部后缘、第3~4节腹板全部、5~7腹板后缘、各足基节大部、转节全部、股胫节前侧和腹侧黄白色,锯腹片锯刃具1个内侧亚基齿,与后者不同(宽带短角叶蜂体长11mm,背面观后头两侧平行,前翅烟斑内侧伸抵前翅基部,后眶下半部、前胸背板后缘和外侧缘、小盾片全部、附片、后胸后背板大部、中胸侧板全部、腹部第1背板全部、第3~4节腹板大部、5~7腹板全部、各足基节大部、转节、后足股胫节全部黑色,锯腹片锯刃具2个内侧亚基齿)。正模♀,湖南衡山,海拔900~1100m,2004-05-11,刘卫星。副模1♀,湖南衡山,900~1100m,2004-05-11,刘卫星。词源:本种根据模式标本的采集地命名。2红盾槌腹叶蜂,新种Tenthredo pseudocylindrica Wei et He,sp.nov.鉴别特征本种与T.cylindrica Rohwer很近似,但额区和单眼后区棕色,无显著黑斑;中胸背板前叶和小盾片棕色,无黄斑;中胸腹板黄白色,腹部第3背板黑褐色,后足胫节黑褐色,腹部第2、3节显著窄于第1、4节等,可与之鉴别;T.cylindrica Rohwer的头胸部具显著黑斑,中胸背板前叶两侧和小盾片白色,中胸腹板黑色,后足胫节黄褐色,具细窄黑色条斑,背面观腹部第1~3节几乎等宽。正模♀,湖南衡山,海拔600~700mm,2004-05-11,刘卫星;副模:1♀,1♂,湖南衡山,海拔600~700mm,刘卫星;1♀,广西花坪天平山,1963-06-05,杨集昆。词源:新种的种加词由pseudo-(假的)和cylindrica两部分组成,指新种与T.cylindrica外观近似,但并非同种。     

中国叶蜂属(膜翅目,叶蜂科)二新种(英文)

记述采自中国河南和四川的叶蜂科叶蜂属2新种:黄胸短角叶蜂Tenthredo yingkehei sp.nov.,丹巴短角叶蜂Tantrhedo danbanica sp.nov..根据模式标本补充描述了分布于甘肃的近缘种黑柄短角叶蜂Tenthredo ruzickai Haris et Roller,2007.新种模式标本保存于湖南长沙中南林业科技大学昆虫模式标本室.     

中国近海的两种宽吻海豚

本文研究了采自黄海和东海的23件宽吻海豚标本及采自南海的10件南宽吻海豚标本。宽吻海豚体腹面灰白色,成体最小的全长大于2.5米,颅基长495-580毫米。南宽吻海豚体腹面具纵长形暗色点斑,成体最大的全长小于2.5米,颅基长455-497毫米。两者的颅骨和颅后骨胳各有一些差别。中国南海标本的形态性状与南非海域及巴基斯坦沿岸的宽吻海豚相似。黄海和东海标本与东太平洋的标本有一些差别,而与南非及不列颠海域的宽吻海豚标本相似。     

Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variations and population structure of Siberian chipmunk (Tamias sibiricus) in Northeastern Asia and population substructure in South Korea

Twenty-five chipmunk species occur in the world, of which only the Siberian chipmunk, Tamias sibiricus, inhabits Asia. To investigate mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence variations and population structure of the Siberian chipmunk in northeastern Asia, we examined mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences (1140 bp) from 3 countries. Analyses of 41 individuals from South Korea and 33 individuals from Russia and northeast China resulted in 37 haplotypes and 27 haplotypes, respectively. There were no shared haplotypes between South Korea and Russia--northeast China. Phylogenetic trees and network analysis showed 2 major maternal lineages for haplotypes, referred to as the S and R lineages. Haplotype grouping in each cluster was nearly coincident with its geographic affinity. In particular, 3 distinct groups were found that mostly clustered in the northern, central and southern parts of South Korea. Nucleotide diversity of the S lineage was twice that of lineage R. The divergence between S and R lineages was estimated to be 2.98-0.98 Myr. During the ice age, there may have been at least 2 refuges in South Korea and Russia--northeast China. The sequence variation between the S and R lineages was 11.3% (K2P), which is indicative of specific recognition in rodents. These results suggest that T. sibiricus from South Korea could be considered a separate species. However, additional information, such as details of distribution, nuclear genes data or morphology, is required to strengthen this hypothesis.     

中国短桨蟹属(十足目,短尾次目,梭子蟹科)二新种

记述梭子蟹科Portunidae,短桨蟹属Thalamita 2新种,即刺肢短桨蟹T.acanthophallus和西沙短桨蟹T.xishaensis.     

Population Structure and Genetic Variability of Six Bar Wrasse (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Thallasoma hardwicki</Emphasis>) in Northern South China Sea Revealed by Mitochondrial Control Region Sequences

The genetic relationships among northern South China Sea populations of the six bar wrasse (Thallasoma hardwicki) were investigated. Fish collected from the Solomon Islands were used for geographic comparison. In 1998 and 1999, a total of 100 fish were sampled from 6 localities of the northern South China Sea and 3 localities of the Solomon Islands. Genetic variations in DNA sequences were examined from the first hypervariable region (HVR-1) of the mitochondrial control region, as amplified by polymerase chain reaction. High levels of haplotypic diversity (h = 0.944 ± 0.0016, = 0.0224 ± 0.01171) in the HVR-1 region of the mitochondrial control region of T. hardwicki were detected. This yielded 94 haplotypes that exhibited a minimum spanning tree with a starburst structure, suggestive of a very recent origin for most haplotypes. Neutrality tests indicated that the pattern of genetic variability in T. hardwicki is consistent either with genetic hitchhiking by an advantageous mutation or with population expansion. Partitioning populations into coherent geographic groups divided the northern South China Sea samples (_CT = 0.0313, P < 0.001) into 3 major groups: a north-central group composed of northwestern Taiwan and northern Vietnam; a southwestern group containing southern Vietnam; and a southern group including the central Philippines. These results are in concordance with mesoscale boundaries proposed by allozyme markers, thus highlighting the importance of identifying transboundary units for the conservation and management of fisheries in the South China Sea.