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新疆胀果甘草内生菌的分离及产甘草酸菌株的筛选 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:从甘草植株中分离其内生菌,并从中筛选出1株可以产甘草酸的菌株。方法:用PDA和LB等培养基,通过组织分离法和研磨分离法从甘草的根、茎、叶中分离甘草内生菌,将分离的内生菌发酵培养,其发酵液经薄层层析初筛及高效液相色谱定性及定量检测来获得产甘草酸的内生菌。结果:分离到237株甘草内生菌,其中129株为细菌,经鉴定属于13个属;108株为真菌,根据其形态特征,确定属于6个属。获得1株产甘草酸的内生菌,产量可达0.22mg/L。结论:甘草内生菌具有丰富的生物多样性,并能产生与宿主相同或相似生理活性代谢产物。 相似文献
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苦豆子根瘤内生细菌分离及其对棉花枯萎病的生物防治效果测定 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对从塔里木盆地苦豆子中分离得到的内生细菌进行皿内涂布拮抗实验、对峙培养法拮抗实验、胞外分泌物拮抗性测定和盆栽控病实验等研究,结果表明塔里木盆地苦豆子根瘤中存在大量的棉花枯萎病菌拮抗性内生细菌。皿内涂布法筛选结果表明60株苦豆子根瘤内生细菌中有48株相对抑菌率超过50%。对峙培养法对48株拮抗性内生细菌进一步筛选的结果表明,对棉花枯萎病菌抑菌距离超过20 mm的菌株有40株。40株拮抗性内生细菌胞外分泌物对棉花枯萎病菌的抑菌距离超过5 mm的有26株。KDRE12和KDRE41对棉花枯萎病的盆栽控病平均防效分别为67.11%和72.65%,具有应用潜力。 相似文献
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番茄茎内生细菌的分离鉴定及青枯病拮抗菌的筛选 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
采用化学法进行表面灭菌处理,运用平板涂布法及平板划线法从番茄茎内得到17株内生细菌.通过形态观察和生理生化指标鉴定,17株内生细菌分属于6个属,即葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、短芽孢杆菌属(Brevi-bacillus)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、棍状杆菌属(Clavibacter)、欧文氏菌属(Erwinia)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus).采用滤纸片法从17株内生菌中筛选出1株对青枯菌(Pseudomonas solanacearum)有拮抗作用的菌株,编号为TS-06,属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus).其抑菌圈半径为2.5 mm. 相似文献
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红提葡萄内生细菌的分离鉴定及灰霉病拮抗菌的筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《生物技术通报》2016,(4)
旨在从新疆红提葡萄的不同部位中,分离筛选出对葡萄灰霉病具有较强拮抗作用的内生细菌。采用组织分离法对红提葡萄不同部位的内生细菌进行分离,同时进行16S r DNA序列测定及同源性分析,并采用平板对峙法和滤纸片法进行筛选,研究其对葡萄灰霉菌的抑制作用。结果表明,在分离得到的18株内生细菌中,有5株具有良好的拮抗效果,分别为NR4-1、NR5-1、NG4-1、NP1-1和PG1,抑菌率可达68.7%。 相似文献
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香蕉植株内生细菌群落多态性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用平板法对香蕉(Musa nana)植株的内生细菌进行分离纯化,并采用细菌脂肪酸法进行鉴定。结果表明,从香蕉的健康植株和感病植株中共分离得到内生细菌21属24种。从健株分离得到9种内生细菌,其中根、茎和叶分别分离到6种、2种和8种内生细菌。从病株分离得到15属17种内生细菌,其中根、茎和叶分别分离到3种、11种和6种。香蕉健株根部的内生细菌含量最高,达5.195×106cfu g-1,下部叶片内生细菌的含量最低,仅为30 cfu g-1;香蕉病株茎部内生细菌的数量显著高于其他部位,达1.05×107cfu g-1。这说明香蕉在不同生长状态下,其内生细菌的种类和数量存在多样性。 相似文献
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【目的】分析树干仿生栽培和大棚种植的铁皮石斛根、茎中内生细菌的组成与分布,并挖掘潜在的微生物资源及功能。【方法】利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,对不同栽培方式铁皮石斛根、茎中免培养内生细菌丰富度及多样性进行比较分析;通过传统的内生菌分离法以及16S rRNA基因测序技术对可培养内生细菌进行分离鉴定;采用滤纸片法筛选拮抗石斛病原菌的内生菌株。【结果】高通量测序分析中内生细菌以Pseudomonas(30.52%)为主,其次是Mycobacterium(10.22%)以及Brachybacterium(8.32%),树干仿生栽培石斛内生细菌组成丰富度及多样性高于大棚种植,石斛根中内生细菌组成丰富度及多样性高于石斛茎。可培养内生细菌中Bacillus(18.37%)所占比例最高,其次是Curtobacterium (8.16%),同时筛选得到8株具有抑制石斛病原菌活性的菌株。【结论】铁皮石斛中蕴含着丰富的内生细菌资源,菌群组成和分布受其不同栽培方式和组织部位的影响。此外,筛选得到8株具有抑制病原菌活性的菌株,表明铁皮石斛内生细菌代谢产物具有抗菌活性。本试验对铁皮石斛内生细菌多... 相似文献
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【目的】从桃树根部组织中分离、筛选能够防治桃褐腐病害的内生拮抗菌,从细胞学水平探究其抑制机理。【方法】采用平板对峙法筛选对桃褐腐病菌(Monilinia fructicola)有拮抗作用的内生细菌,调查内生拮抗细菌的形态学及生理生化特性,通过细菌16S r RNA基因测序分析菌株的系统发育学特征。通过果实离体实验检测内生拮抗细菌的抗菌效果,使用电子显微镜观察受抑制的桃褐腐病菌菌丝、孢子的形态以及细胞内部结构变化。【结果】从桃树根部组织中复筛分离得到的3株内生细菌对桃褐腐病防效高且稳定,经鉴定3株细菌均为枯草芽孢杆菌。果实离体试验表明,3株内生细菌均明显抑制了桃褐腐病的发生。通过电子显微镜观察,发现受拮抗细菌抑制的桃褐腐病菌的菌丝明显变细、杂乱且打结缠绕成团,孢子普遍干瘪变大、破裂,细胞质外渗。【结论】从桃树根部组织中得到的3株内生细菌对桃褐腐病菌的生长均有明显的抑制作用,可以作为防治桃褐腐病的新选择,具有进一步研究价值。 相似文献
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甘草内生细菌多样性研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
以分离培养的方法对内蒙古鄂尔多斯市甘草基地野生及栽培甘草内生细菌的多样性进行了初步研究.结果表明,野生及栽培甘草植株内存在大量种群丰富的内生细菌.经ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析,共分离到120株内生细菌,野生及栽培甘草均表现出根和叶部位的内生细菌数量多于茎部.对其中82株进行16S rDNA片段测序分析,结果表明这些内生细菌分别与GenBank中α、β、γ-Proteobacteria、Firmicutes、Actinobacteria五类细菌中的19个已知属相似性达到97%~100%.内生细菌的主要优势种群为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)、泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)和沙雷氏菌属(Serratia sp.). 相似文献
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泡菜、传统腊肠中降胆固醇乳酸菌的筛选及鉴定 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
摘要:【目的】筛选具有降胆固醇功能的乳酸菌菌株,为乳酸菌体外、体内的降胆固醇生理特性和机理研究奠定基础。【方法】以碳酸钙-MRS选择性培养基(Calcium Carbonate-Man Rogosa and Sharp Medium)从中国传统食品泡菜、腊肠中筛选乳酸菌,应用改良的胆固醇筛选培养基筛选具有较高降胆固醇能力的乳酸菌菌株,并研究其耐酸性,耐胆盐活性,生长曲线及产酸特性;结合菌落形态学、接触酶反应、革兰氏染色、碳水化合物微量鉴定管及16SrRNA寡核苷酸碱基序列分析鉴定菌株。【结果】筛选得到的两 相似文献
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The murexide (5,5'-nitrilodibarbituric acid, monoammonium salt) is an efficient scavenger for superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. When exposed to oxygen radicals, murexide is converted to a colorless alloxan derivative and its absorbance at 520 nm decreases in proportion to the radicals produced. It is used to detect these reactive oxygen species in biochemical systems such as acetaldehyde oxidation by xanthine oxidase and the respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear leukocytes induced by phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate. The method was sensitive enough to allow direct monitoring of the production of superoxides from 10(6) phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate polymorphonuclear leukocyte-stimulated cells. Moreover, murexide bleaching is inhibited in the presence of radical scavengers, allowing a comparison of their scavenging activities. 相似文献
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具有降胆固醇功能益生菌的筛选研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的通过体外实验从发酵制品及人体肠道内分离筛选出安全高效的降胆固醇乳酸菌,并研究其生理生化特性,为今后功能性乳制品的开发提供优良菌种。方法应用MRS.胆固醇培养基液体发酵法进行目的菌株筛选,并测定其耐酸及耐胆盐等能力。结果筛选出4株具有降胆固醇能力的乳酸菌,其降解率分别为DM8403163.1%、DM8403470.3%、DM850381.1%、DM8605663.1%;同时4株乳酸菌均表现出不同程度的耐酸及耐胆盐能力,其中DM86056能力最强,其他3株乳酸菌次之;经鉴定,DM84031为保加利亚乳杆菌、DM84034为嗜热链球菌、DM8503为詹氏乳杆菌、DN86056为屎肠球菌。结论经上述实验综合比较,DM86056降胆固醇能力比较强且耐酸及耐胆盐等能力也较强,因此有待于将其应用于动物体内进行深入研究。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which the sodium salt of +/-2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propanoic acid (Na-PMP) reduced sweet intensity ratings of 15 sweeteners in mixtures. Na-PMP has been approved for use in confectionary/frostings, soft candy and snack products in the USA at concentrations up to 150 p.p.m. A trained panel evaluated the effect of Na-PMP on the intensity of the following 15 sweeteners: three sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose), three terpenoid glycosides (monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, rebaudioside-A, stevioside), two dipeptide derivatives (alitame, aspartame), two N-sulfonylamides (acesulfame-K, sodium saccharin), two polyhydric alcohols (mannitol, sorbitol), 1 dihydrochalcone (neohesperidin dihydrochalcone), one protein (thaumatin) and one sulfamate (sodium cyclamate). Sweeteners were tested at concentrations isosweet with 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% sucrose in mixtures with two levels of Na-PMP: 250 and 500 p.p.m. In addition, the 15 sweeteners were tested either immediately or 30 s after a pre-rinse with 500 p.p.m. Na-PMP. In mixtures, Na-PMP at both the 250 and 500 p.p.m. levels significantly blocked sweetness intensity for 12 of the 15 sweeteners. However, when Na-PMP was mixed with three of the 15 sweeteners (monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone and thaumatin), there was little reduction in sweetness intensity. Pre-rinsing with Na-PMP both inhibited and enhanced sweetness with the greatest enhancements found for monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone and thaumatin, which were not suppressed by Na-PMP in mixtures. The mixture data suggest that Na-PMP is a selective competitive inhibitor of sweet taste. The finding that pre-treatment can produce enhancement may be due to sensitization of sweetener receptors by Na-PMP. 相似文献
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目的 观察新疆传统发酵乳品中分离的14种菌株的生长特点及产酸能力,筛选出具有较强耐胆盐能力,并能在人工胃肠液中存活的菌株。方法 对10株乳酸菌和4株酵母菌进行生长曲线、pH、耐胆盐能力和耐人工胃肠液检测。结果 10株乳酸菌和4株酵母菌具有良好的生长曲线和产酸能力;马乳酒样乳杆菌具有较强的耐胆盐能力;希氏乳杆菌、马乳酒样乳杆菌、乙醇假丝酵母和东方伊萨酵母具有较强的耐人工胃液能力;乳酸乳球菌、哈尔滨乳杆菌、瑞士乳杆菌、马乳酒样乳杆菌、乙醇假丝酵母和东方伊萨酵母具有较强的耐人工肠液能力。结论 10株乳酸菌和4株酵母菌具有优良的益生特性,有望成为益生菌制剂的备用菌株。 相似文献
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目的 针对大庆地区土地盐碱化较严重,盐碱面积较大等现状,从大庆特征性盐碱地区土壤样品中分离出能够降解纤维素的菌株,为降解植物废料以及缓解土壤盐碱化改善土壤环境提供功能菌株。方法 通过刚果红染色法初步筛得到具有纤维素降解能力菌株,进一步用比色法测定其纤维素降解率,同时测定菌株耐盐、耐碱、产酸性能,选择性能优良的3株菌作为纤维素降解菌复合菌系构建菌株,通过耐盐性、耐碱性和纤维素降解率实验测定复合菌系菌株最佳组合,进一步通过上述实验确定复合菌系菌株最佳混合比例。结果 得到由DX-5和DX-9按照2∶3进行组合复合菌系纤维素降解率最高,达到87.96%,且具有较高的耐盐以及耐碱能力。结论 通过实验得到纤维素降解菌的复合菌系,具有较高纤维素降解率以及改善土壤盐碱性能力。 相似文献
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Pseudomonas flourescens NCIM 2100 was obtained from NCL, Pune, India, that was adapted to growth on 4 amino 1-1 azo benzene 3,4-Disulfonic acid. This strains was tested by UV, 1H NMR, and IR spectroscopy for its ability to degrade the dye which resulted in to sulfonated analogs namely p-amino benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt and 2,4 diamino benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt. These compound further changed to either 2,4 dihydroxy benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt or 2 amino 4 hydroxy benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, or 4 amino 2 hydroxy benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt. These breakdown compounds were non toxic in nature. 相似文献
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具有降胆固醇功能的益生菌的筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用半选择性培养基MRS从传统发酵食品中筛选出2株细菌,经鉴定一株为双歧杆菌,另一株为乳酸杆菌.按照益生菌标准对上述2株菌的耐酸、耐胆盐、抗药性、抑菌等性能进行评价,结果表明其均可作为益生菌用于降胆固醇产品. 相似文献
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Batch and continuous production of lactic acid from salt whey using free and immobilized cultures of lactobacilli 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Salt whey permeate was used as a substrate for lactic acid production by different strains of homofermentative lactobacilli. An isolate from Egyptian Cheddar cheese proved to be the most effective lactic acid producer. The salt whey permeate was optimized by addition of yeast extract and minerals to enable exponential growth of organisms. The lactic acid productivity of free and immobilized cells was compared and fermentation conditions were improved. Continuous lactic acid fermentation from salt whey permeate with cells immobilized in agarose beads was successfully carried out in a chemostat with a steady lactic acid concentration of 33.4 mg/ml. 相似文献
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One of the radical species produced by the reaction of dehydro-l-ascorbic acid with an α-amino acid gave a very characteristic hyperfine structure in its electron spin resonance spectrum. The same spectrum was also obtained when l-scorbamic acid was oxidized with some oxidants, indicating the formation of the radical via the oxidation of l-scorbamic acid. From the results of deuterium exchange experiments, simulation spectra and the reduction of 2,2′-nitrilodi-2(2′)-deoxy-l-ascorbic acid monoammonium salt, the radical was concluded to be monodehydro-2,2′-iminodi-2(2′)-deoxy-l-ascorbic acid. Possible formation mechanism of the radical was also discussed. 相似文献