家蝇幼虫组织匀浆液的抗病毒活性

以家蝇Musca domesticaL.幼虫为材料,研究了蝇蛆组织匀浆液的抗病毒活性。用鸡胚培养检测了其抗流感病毒的活性,乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原诊断试剂盒检测了其对乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的破坏作用。结果表明:15μL的家蝇幼虫组织匀浆液对流感病毒的抑制率为72.41%,而30,50和80μL剂量组对病毒的杀灭率都达到80%以上;蝇蛆组织匀浆液对乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的破坏率可达到87.5%。说明家蝇幼虫体内存在着抗病毒活性物质。这为开发天然的抗病毒药物提供了新的途径。     

微囊藻毒素对鱼组织匀浆液蛋白磷酸酶活性抑制作用的研究

蛋白磷酸酶是在调节细胞内蛋白磷酸化水平方面具有重要作用的酶。研究表明，蛋白磷酸化水平与肿瘤的促进作用密切相关，激活蛋白激酶C和抑制丝氨酸／苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酶（Ser／ThrProtein…。s…atase，简称PP，根据对抑制剂的敏感性和对二价阳离子的依赖性，分为1，ZA，ZB，ZC四类）的物质都对肿瘤形成起促进作用。近期研究发现，天然有毒物微囊藻毒素对PPI和PPZA活性具有极强的抑制作用l’］。对PPI和PPZA具有极强抑制作用的这一物质的发现有重要意义，从酶学研究来看，由于这类物质对酶抑制作用专一和灵敏，因而可作为理想的分…     

人羊膜上皮细胞和人羊膜间充质干细胞的研究进展

人羊膜上皮细胞和人羊膜间充质干细胞存在于人羊膜组织中,统称为人羊膜细胞.人羊膜细胞可塑性强,具有多向分化的潜能;并且免疫原性低,移植不会发生免疫排斥反应,成为近年来研究的热点.人羊膜上皮细胞和人羊膜间充质干细胞的生物学特性使其符合干细胞药物产品的标准,将其应用于诸多疾病的治疗,如心肌梗死、脑梗死和肾损伤等,均已取得良好...     

人羊膜来源干细胞的生物学特性及应用潜力

干细胞移植是一种有潜力的替代治疗方案,虽然大量实验模型研究已经证实了干细胞移植能够修复受损或退化的组织并恢复其功能,但是在实际治疗中仍面临诸多困难,如免疫排斥、伦理障碍以及致瘤性等。围产期干细胞可以解决干细胞治疗所面临的问题,被认为是潜在的可靠干细胞来源。与其他干细胞相比,人羊膜来源干细胞(human amniotic stem cells, hAMSCs)具有显著优势。动物实验发现,hAMSCs具有高分化潜能以及免疫调节活性,在妇科疾病、神经系统疾病、肾脏疾病、肺部疾病、皮肤疾病、糖尿病、癌症等多种疾病的治疗中表现出了巨大潜力。随着科学的进步以及临床的迫切需求,hAMSCs的临床应用也逐渐突破了传统治疗的局限性。综述hAMSCs生物学研究进展及应用潜力,以期为hAMSCs的实验研究和临床应用提供理论依据。     

人羊膜间充质细胞分离培养及其干细胞特性研究

目的:研究人羊膜间充质细胞(Humanamnioticmesenchymalcells,HAMCs)的分离、培养及其干细胞特性,为羊膜间充质细胞在再生医学的潜在应用奠定实验基础。方法:无菌条件下取正常足月剖腹产胎儿的羊膜剪成碎片,经胰酶胶原酶序贯消化,DMEM/F12培养,倒置显微镜下观察其形态,MTT法检测其生长规律,免疫荧光的方法对细胞进行鉴定,定向诱导方法检测细胞的多向分化潜能。结果:来源于羊膜的间充质细胞,细胞免疫荧光显示SSEA-4,OCT-4阳性,具有很强的增殖能力,并且具有一定的多向分化能力,在特定条件下可分化为脂肪细胞和成骨细胞;结论:羊膜间充质细胞能够在体外分离、培养、扩增,并且具有干细胞特性。羊膜间充质细胞在再生医学和组织工程应用有很好的前景。     

人羊膜间充质细胞分离培养及其干细胞特性研究

目的：研究人羊膜间充质细胞（Humanamnioticmesenchymalcells,HAMCs）的分离、培养及其干细胞特性,为羊膜间充质细胞在再生医学的潜在应用奠定实验基础。方法：无菌条件下取正常足月剖腹产胎儿的羊膜剪成碎片,经胰酶胶原酶序贯消化,DMEM/F12培养,倒置显微镜下观察其形态,MTT法检测其生长规律,免疫荧光的方法对细胞进行鉴定,定向诱导方法检测细胞的多向分化潜能。结果：来源于羊膜的间充质细胞,细胞免疫荧光显示SSEA-4,OCT-4阳性,具有很强的增殖能力,并且具有一定的多向分化能力,在特定条件下可分化为脂肪细胞和成骨细胞;结论：羊膜间充质细胞能够在体外分离、培养、扩增,并且具有干细胞特性。羊膜间充质细胞在再生医学和组织工程应用有很好的前景。     

壳聚糖在组织工程中应用的研究进展

壳聚糖是由2-氨基-2-脱氧-β-D-葡萄糖通过β-1,4糖苷键聚合的一种天然聚阳离子生物多糖,结构类似硫酸软骨素、透明质酸等物质,体内移植或注射无炎症和变态反应,在动物体内可被降解为氨基葡萄糖,参与代谢,表现出良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性,是细胞培养的良好的脚手架,因而在组织工程中显示出较为广泛的应用前景。综述了壳聚糖在皮肤修复、神经修复、骨及软骨修复、肝脏修复等方面的研究进展 。     

人羊膜上皮细胞移植及基因治疗帕金森病大鼠

观察人羊膜上皮细胞(human amniotic epithelial cell,HAEC及)人脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF基)因修饰的HAEC在帕金森病(Parkinson’sdisease,PD)模型大鼠脑内的长期存活和对旋转行为的治疗效果。用包装BDNFcDNA的慢病毒转染原代HAEC(HAEC/BDNF),HAEC/BDNF与HAEC分别植入6-羟基多巴胺损伤的PD模型大鼠纹状体内,观察动物的旋转行为,用免疫组织化学方法鉴定移植物在体内的存活。结果表明,治疗组PD大鼠的旋转行为改善明显达14周,HAEC/BDNF组能使恢复时间提前。免疫组织化学方法发现移植细胞在14周后仍有少量存活且部分表达BDNF、酪氨酸羟化酶,纹状体内星形胶质细胞增生。实验结果说明,HAEC和BDNF基因修饰的HAEC移植对PD模型大鼠的行为有一定改善,HAEC可以作为一种治疗PD的供体细胞。     

羊膜联合自体角膜缘移植治疗复发性翼状胬肉的护理

翼状胬肉是眼科常见疾病,轻者影响美容,引起眼部刺激症状;累及瞳孔区的翼状胬肉可造成严重视力障碍[1].而严重的复发性翼状胬肉可导致睑球粘连、穹隆部结膜变短、眼球运动受限等并发症.     

人羊膜上皮细胞的临床应用潜力的研究进展

人羊膜上皮细胞(human amniotic epithelial cells,hAECs)是位于胎盘羊膜靠近胎儿侧的上皮细胞,与其他胎盘来源的干细胞不同,hAECs源自胚胎上胚层,被认为是再生医学的理想种子细胞类型.研究显示,hAECs兼具胚胎干细胞样增殖分化潜力和成体干细胞样免疫调节特性.与其他类型的干细胞相比,h...     

Isolation,Cryopreservation and Culture of Human Amnion Epithelial Cells for Clinical Applications

Human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) derived from term or pre-term amnion membranes have attracted attention from researchers and clinicians as a potential source of cells for regenerative medicine. The reason for this interest is evidence that these cells have highly multipotent differentiation ability, low immunogenicity, and anti-inflammatory functions. These properties have prompted researchers to investigate the potential of hAECs to be used to treat a variety of diseases and disorders in pre-clinical animal studies with much success.hAECs have found widespread application for the treatment of a range of diseases and disorders. Potential clinical applications of hAECs include the treatment of stroke, multiple sclerosis, liver disease, diabetes and chronic and acute lung diseases. Progressing from pre-clinical animal studies into clinical trials requires a higher standard of quality control and safety for cell therapy products. For safety and quality control considerations, it is preferred that cell isolation protocols use animal product-free reagents. We have developed protocols to allow researchers to isolate, cryopreserve and culture hAECs using animal product-free reagents. The advantage of this method is that these cells can be isolated, characterized, cryopreserved and cultured without the risk of delivering potentially harmful animal pathogens to humans, while maintaining suitable cell yields, viabilities and growth potential. For researchers moving from pre-clinical animal studies to clinical trials, these methodologies will greatly accelerate regulatory approval, decrease risks and improve the quality of their therapeutic cell population.     

应用花粉匀浆物质诱导花生遗传性状变异的初步研究

本研究以开封白皮花生品种为受体。用具有选择标记性状的1218品种花粉匀浆为供体,处理发育成熟的该受体植株柱头,再用受体正常花粉授粉,获得了具有目标牲状变异的后代。其中,荚果的大小、结果数和种皮颜色等性状的转化更为明显。以上结果在不同试验、不同组合中,均得到重复。试验表明,此方法在花生育种上具有较大的实际应用价值。但具体技术和选育程序,根据花生的生物学特点还有待进一步研究。     

喜树果中喜树碱和10-羟基喜树碱的匀浆提取工艺

以喜树果为原料,对匀浆法提取喜树碱和10-羟基喜树碱的工艺进行了研究,确定了最佳的工艺条件：提取溶剂为体积分数55％的乙醇,匀浆时间为8min,料液比为1：15（g／mL）。在此工艺条件下,喜树碱和10-羟基喜树碱的提取率分别为0．801‰和0．546‰。将该法与超声提取、回流提取、常温冷浸提取、水浴振荡提取进行了比较,结果表明,匀浆提取具有得率高、省时间等方面的优势,是一种高效提取喜树碱和10．羟基喜树碱的方法。     

用野生醋栗花粉匀浆诱导栽培番茄变异的初步研究

实验以79286栽培番茄品种为受体,用野生醋栗花粉匀浆物质处理该受体植株柱头再对其授粉。从诱导后代中获得了结果习性、果肩色等具有某些醋栗性状的变异,并从中选育出一个耐储性好、多果型的番茄新品系．其受体番茄由聚伞花序转化为总状花序型的频率为7．8－23％．每穗结果数由4－5个增加至6－8个。果大小介于供体与受体两者之间．     

杨树的组织培养及其基因工程研究

杨树是林木基因工程的模式植物,在其组织培养过程中,试管苗的再生不仅与植株的基因型,年龄及组织的来源,状态等有关,还受许多外界因素如盐浓度及激素的种类与配比的影响,在杨树的转化过程中,DNA直接转移法和农杆菌介导法都有应用,但后者较为常用,组织培养及转化技术的日趋成熟,为杨树基因工程奠定了良好基础,本文对杨树组织培养,DNA转化方法及其基因工程进行了较为系统的概述。     

柑橘生物技术研究进展

综述了近年来国内外柑橘生物技术的研究进展,主要涉及到以下4个方面:(1)组织培养(包括胚培养、胚珠培养、胚乳培养、花药培养和营养器官培养)与快繁、脱毒和种质资源保存;(2)原生质体培养、再生和融合及体细胞杂种在柑橘砧木及接穗品种改良中的应用;(3)分子标记技术在柑橘遗传多样性检测、基因定位、亲缘关系分析及体细胞杂种鉴定等方面的应用;(4)转基因技术。目前,现代生物技术是柑橘传统育种的有效补充,已成为柑橘遗传改良、种质资源创新和科学研究的重要技术。     

Amniotic fluid and blood lactate concentrations in mares and foals in the early postpartum period

Amniotic fluid (AF) lactate concentration and time-dependent changes in blood lactate concentration in mares after parturition have never been evaluated. In this study, the venous blood lactate concentration of mares and foals during the first 72 h of the postpartum period was assessed, and the concentration of lactate in the AF collected during delivery and the utility of its measurement for evaluating the foal's health were investigated. This prospective observational study was carried out on mares attended at delivery. They were divided into mares delivering healthy (Group 1) and sick (Group 2) foals. The following samples were collected: AF and umbilical blood at delivery, mare's and foal's jugular blood every 12 hours from parturition until 72 h postpartum (T0-T72). Sixty-two mares were enrolled in Group 1 and 19 in Group 2. In Group 2, the survival rate was 68.4%. The median blood lactate of the foals at T0 was 3.60 mmol/L in Group 1 and 5.05 mmol/L in Group 2. The monitoring of the blood lactate concentration showed a significant time-dependent decrease from T24 in the foals (P < 0.01) and from T12 in the mares (P < 0.01). Lactate concentration over time was significantly different between healthy and sick foals (P < 0.01) but not between mares with normal and dystocic delivery (P = 0.08). A significant difference (P = 0.04) was detected as regards AF lactate concentration between Group 1 (median 14.99 mmol/L) and Group 2 (median 12.61 mmol/L). For the first time, AF lactate concentration was evaluated during parturition, and significantly higher levels were found in mares delivering healthy foals. This was an unexpected and very interesting result which warrants further investigation involving a larger number of mares. Additional studies are needed before either mare's blood or AF lactate concentration can be used in a clinical setting.     

Effect of Thrombin on Human Amnion Mesenchymal Cells,Mouse Fetal Membranes,and Preterm Birth

Here, we investigated the effects of thrombin on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in fetal membranes. Thrombin activity was increased in human amnion from preterm deliveries. Treatment of mesenchymal, but not epithelial, cells with thrombin resulted in increased MMP-1 and MMP-9 mRNA and enzymatic activity. Thrombin also increased COX2 mRNA and PGE₂ in these cells. Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) was localized to amnion mesenchymal and decidual cells. PAR-1-specific inhibitors and activating peptides indicated that thrombin-induced up-regulation of MMP-9 was mediated via PAR-1. In contrast, thrombin-induced up-regulation of MMP-1 and COX-2 was mediated through Toll-like receptor-4, possibly through thrombin-induced release of soluble fetal fibronectin. In vivo, thrombin-injected pregnant mice delivered preterm. Mmp8, Mmp9, and Mmp13, and PGE₂ content was increased significantly in fetal membranes from thrombin-injected animals. These results indicate that thrombin acts through multiple mechanisms to activate MMPs and PGE2 synthesis in amnion.     

骨髓间充质干细胞在移植免疫方面的研究进展

骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem ells,MSCs)是存在于骨髓中一类低免疫原性的非造血成体干细胞,体外研究表明MSCs能够通过抑制混合淋巴细胞反应抑制抗原呈递细胞分化成熟及功能发挥、抑制CTL形成、抑制NK细胞活性、增加调节性T细胞比例等途径发挥免疫调节作用。体内实验证明,MSC输注能够延长狒狒异体皮肤移植的存活时间,而在小鼠心脏移植的模型中,体外诱导免疫耐受的MSCs在活体内反而加速了小鼠的排斥反应,临床上输注MSCs可缓解移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)。本文对MSCs的免疫学特性及免疫调控功能的研究进展作一综述。     

347例妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症羊水性状与妊娠结局的分析

目的:探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy ICP)羊水性状与妊娠结局的关系。方法:对我院2005年1月～2009年12月住院分娩的患者资料进行回顾分析,统计羊水污染率、新生儿窒息发生率、围产儿死亡率及剖宫产率等。结果:347例ICP中轻度278例,重度69例。羊水污染89例(Ⅰ级19例,Ⅱ级14例,Ⅲ级56例),羊水污染率为25.6%。重度ICP中羊水污染46例,发生率为66.7%。89例ICP羊水Ⅱ级及Ⅲ级病例中出现3例新生儿窒息。结论:ICP的羊水性状与病情程度基本一致,羊水污染预示着不良的妊娠结局,适时终止妊娠可降低围生儿病率。