DHPLC对猪肌肉组织差异表达EST的鉴定

采用DHPLC系统和Labwork4．0图像分析软件,对大白猪和广东地方品种蓝塘猪眼肌组织差异显示EST进行鉴定,两种方法均证实了差异显示条带的真实性。结果表明：用DHPLC系统能够准确而简捷的检测不同组织中mRNA表达的差异,是1种鉴定基因表达差异的有效方法,在研究基因表达,比较不同环境条件下动物组织的mRNA表达差异等方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

变性高效液相色谱在微生物基因检测中的应用研究进展

变性高效液相色谱(D enaturing H ighP-erform ance Liquid Chrom atography,D H PLC)是一种可以对核酸片段进行灵敏、快速的分析,并检测出单碱基错配及插入缺失的新技术,在生命科学许多领域有广泛的应用.对D H PLC在致病微生物基因抗药性突变检测、基因型分析等领域的应用研究进展进行了综述.     

变性高效液相色谱技术在单核苷酸多态性研究中的应用

人类基因组的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)研究已成为后基因组时代最重要的内容和目的之一,随之而来的迫切任务是需要适合于自动化且高通量检测SNP的技术。变性高效液相色谱(DHPLC)是近几年发展起来的高效、快速筛检SNP的技术,因其检测SNP的高灵敏度、低成本以及全自动化操作等优点而备受关注。     

变性高效液相色谱在分子生物学中的应用

变性高效液相色谱法(DHPLC)是在高效液相色谱法的基础上发展起来的一种新方法。它因使用的温度不同而有不同的应用价值：在非变性温度下进行双链DNA分离,在部分变性温度下进行基因突变、单核苷酸多态性和甲基化测定,在完全变性温度下对寡核苷酸进行质控和纯化等。由于该技术具有快速、经济、准确和自动化程度高等特点,目前已经成为分子生物学常用技术之一。     

13例肝豆状核变性家系致病基因突变的检测和分析

为了研究Wilson病(wilson disease,WD)基因突变的类型和发生情况,探讨WD疾病的病因、临床特点,通过采用变性高效液相色谱(denaturing high performance liquid chromatography,DHPLC)方法结合DNA测序方法对13例无亲缘关系的患者及33住亲属进行A TP7B基因所有外显子及5'端非转录区突变检测.33例DNA标本确认11种基因突变,其中包括9种错义突变(p.R778L、p.R919G、p.T1178A、p.T977M、p.K1010Q、p.C490TERM、p.A874P、p.G943S、p.G943D),1种缺失突变(2790delCAT),1种剪切位点改变(c.1708-1G＞C (intron 4 +1 G＞C)).在13个家系中,发现4例R778L突变,2例2790delCAT,均为杂合型突变,涉及17个等位基因,本组检出率为70.8％(17/24).DHPLC-测序法是WD疾病基因突变筛查较为快捷、全面而且敏感的方法.WD基因突变存在热点区分别为3、8、12号外显子.2790delCAT、p.K1010Q、c.1708-1G＞C (intron 4+1 G＞C)是ATP7B基因新突变类型,p.S406A、p.V456L、p.V 1140A、p.R952K是中国人比较常见的多态类型.     

高效液相色谱法分离测定香兰素

用60％乙醇提取香荚兰豆的香兰素,经高效液相色谱法分离,在紫外波长330nm处测定。选取适当的流动相,能快速、准确地测定出香兰素,最低检测含量可达到0．01μg。     

高效液相色谱技术在药品检验中的应用及进展研究

自1970年高效液相色谱逐步成为一种新的分离分析技术,随着高效液相色谱在实践中的不断探索,其在实践中得到了十分广泛的应用,并且成为十分重要的分离分析方法。高效液相色谱分析方法具有很多优点,自动化程度较高,而且检测的灵敏度较高,分离的效率和速度都比较快。随着应用实践的开展,高效液相色谱在药品的质量监控中起着越来越重要的作用。     

高效液相色谱技术在儿童血红蛋白病检查中的应用

目的:探讨高效液相色谱技术在儿童血红蛋白(Hb)病检查的意义,并时5356例检测结果进行分析.方法:采集5356例广东地区儿童EDTA-K2抗凝血2ml,采用HPLC方法测定各血红蛋白组分含量.结果:在5356例儿童中,检出血红蛋白病977例(18.24%),其中检出β地中海贫血673例(12.57%),α地中海贫血283例(5.28%),其中包括21例CS型HbH病(0.39%),α复合β地中海贫血8例(0.15%),HbE病8例(0.15%),HbQ病5例(0.09%).结论:广东地区儿童血红蛋白病的发生率高,应用HPLC技术加强对儿童血红蛋白(Hb)病进行筛查,早发现,早预防,指导合理婚配,对优生优育提高人口素质具有重要意义.     

反相高效液相色谱在发酵制备琥珀酸中的应用

对于生物法制备琥珀酸的微生物发酵体系,利用Alltech反相Prevail C18色谱柱,以25mmol／L磷酸二氢钾（pH2.5）作为流动相,在流速1mL／min时,于210nm处紫外检测器检测,能将发酵液中琥珀酸、甲酸、乙酸和乳酸完全分离并准确定量。琥珀酸等有机酸的回收率在96％～104％之间。本方法能够快速、精确测定发酵样品中主产物琥珀酸与其它有机酸含量。     

变性高效液相色谱技术对创伤弧菌检测的研究

应用PCR结合变性高效液相色谱技术对创伤弧菌进行检测,建立创伤弧菌快速准确的检测新方法。经过DHPLC分析条件优化,在DHPLC非变性温度下分析创伤弧菌特异性PCR扩增产物。同时进行方法特异性、灵敏度、重复性实验。实验结果表明所建立的创伤弧菌PCR-DHPLC检测方法特异性强、灵敏度高、重现性好、结果稳定可靠、检测时间短,检测低限可达到124 CFU/mL,是创伤弧菌快速检测的新技术。     

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Aneuploidy and Translocations Using Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization

At least 50% of human embryos are abnormal, and that increases to 80% in women 40 years or older. These abnormalities result in low implantation rates in embryos transferred during in vitro fertilization procedures, from 30% in women <35 years to 6% in women 40 years or older. Thus selecting normal embryos for transfer should improve pregnancy results. The genetic analysis of embryos is called Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) and for chromosome analysis it was first performed using FISH with up to 12 probes analyzed simultaneously on single cells. However, suboptimal utilization of the technique and the complexity of fixing single cells produced conflicting results. PGD has been invigorated by the introduction of microarray testing which allows for the analysis of all 24 chromosome types in one test, without the need of cell fixation, and with staggering redundancy, making the test much more robust and reliable. Recent data published and presented at scientific meetings has been suggestive of increased implantation rates and pregnancy rates following microarray testing, improvements in outcome that have been predicted for quite some time. By using markers that cover most of the genome, not only aneuploidy can be detected in single cells but also translocations. Our validation results indicate that array CGH has a 6Mb resolution in single cells, and thus the majority of translocations can be analyzed since this is also the limit of karyotyping. Even for translocations with smaller exchanged fragments, provided that three out of the four fragments are above 6Mb, the translocation can be detected.     

植入前遗传学诊断的原理、方法及适应症

植入前遗传学诊断是一种非常早的产前诊断,指在胚胎着床之前即对配子或胚胎的遗传物质进行分析,检测配子或胚胎是否有遗传物质异常,选择正常胚胎进行移植。与传统的产前诊断相比,能避免选择性流产异常妊娠给妇女带来的心身痛苦。本文就该领域的发展及现状和其诊断原理、方法及适应症进行了总结和综述。 Abstract:Preimplatation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a very early form of prenatal diagnosis.Gametes or embryos are biopsied and a genetic diagnosis is carried out on the biopsied cells to investigate if the gametes or embryos is free of genetic disease.And the normal embryos is transferred to the mother.Comparing to the traditional prenatal diagnosis,PGD is a method that can avoid aborting a abnormal pregnant and reduce pains of women.In this review,we introduce the history of development and statues in quo,principle,method and application of PGD.     

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis in Saudi Arabia

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) testing is the practice of obtaining a cellular biopsy sample from a developing human oocyte or embryo, acquired via a cycle of in vitro fertilization (IVF); evaluating the genetic composition of this sample; and using this information to determine which embryos will be optimal for subsequent uterine transfer. PGD has become an increasingly useful adjunct to IVF procedures. The ability to provide couples who are known carriers of genetic abnormalities the opportunity to deliver healthy babies has opened a new frontier in reproductive medicine. The purpose of the PGD is enables us to choose which embryos will be implanted into the mother. In the present study 137 families who had undergone IVF at Habib Medical Centre, were enrolled for the PGD analysis. The couple visited the clinic for the sex selection, recurrent fetal loss and with the recurrent IVF failure. 802 embryos were tested by the biopsy method and 512 are found to be normal and 290 were abnormal embryos. In this study only 24% of the embryos were transferred and the remaining was not transferred because of the abnormalities or undesired sex of the embryos. The structural and numerical abnormalities were found to be 16.8%.     

产PK和NRP类抗生素苦豆子内生放线菌分子筛选及抗生素类型鉴定

【目的】从19株苦豆子内生拮抗放线菌中筛选PKSⅠ、PKSⅡ和NRPS基因阳性菌株,并对其产抗生素种类进行初步鉴定,为苦豆子内生放线菌资源的合理开发和利用提供理论依据。【方法】分别以PKSⅠ、PKSⅡ和NRPS基因引物对19株拮抗菌株进行特异性扩增,筛选阳性菌株;以7种抗生素标准样品为对照,采用TLC和HPLC法对阳性菌株所产抗生素类型进行鉴定。【结果】PKSⅠ、PKSⅡ和NRPS基因阳性菌株率分别为47.4%、10.5%和21.1%;9株内生放线菌发酵液中各有1个峰的洗脱时间与麦迪霉素的洗脱时间一致,菌株NDZKDS69的发酵液中有4个峰的洗脱时间分别与麦迪霉素、乙酰螺旋霉素、替考拉宁和土霉素标准样品的洗脱时间一致。【结论】苦豆子内生放线菌中链霉菌属(Strepomyces)菌株是大环内脂类、芳香环类和非核糖体多肽类抗生素的丰富菌源;分子指纹图谱和化学指纹图谱检测结果一致,且建立的TLC和HPLC法检测抗生素的方法简便、快捷、灵敏、重复性良好。     

高效液相色谱法分离和鉴定腐马素B_1

腐马素是由串珠镰刀菌产生的真菌毒素,其中腐马素B1可引发马脑白质软化症等疾病。本文用高效液相色谱法从串珠镰刀菌玉米培养物中分离出了腐马素B1并通过紫外光谱和快原子轰击质谱进行了鉴定。     

Genetic analysis of the APC gene in taiwanese familial adenomatous polyposis

Colorectal cancer has become the third leading cause of death from cancer in Taiwan. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease characterized by the presence of multiple adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum. The gene responsible for FAP(APC) was cloned in 1991. Extensive analyses of the mutation spectra in FAP kindreds have been performed in different countries, but the results have been highly variable (30–80%). In this study, we used denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) followed by automatic sequencing in an effort to establish the mutation spectrum of APC from DNA of peripheral blood cells. Among the 6 FAP probands analyzed, mutations were detected in 3 (50%), 2 of which were novel. The first novel mutation was at codon 2166, with a C to T transition, resulting in a stop codon. The second novel mutation was at codon 1971, with a C to G transversion, resulting in an amino acid change from serine to cysteine. The third mutation involved an A insertion in the sequence of -AAAAAA- at codons 1554–1556, which created a downstream stop codon (codon 1558). This study is the first to report mutation analysis in Taiwanese FAP probands.     

水稻谷蛋白突变体的筛选及遗传分析

通过对国内外水稻品种种子的全蛋白分析,筛选到3个谷蛋白突变材料。其中编号W3660种子中37～39kDa与22～23kDa谷蛋白亚基的含量较普通水稻明显降低,而13kDa醇溶蛋白多肽含量则大幅升高;W204和W379种子中37～39kDa与22～23kDa谷蛋白亚基的含量介于普通品种与W3660之间,W379还具超大含量的57kDa多肽,实验证明此多肽属谷蛋白成分。用W3660和普通水稻栽培品种惊人糯(Otorokimochi)构建了杂交群体。后代种子总蛋白SDS-PAGE分析显示,低谷蛋白和高醇溶蛋白性状总是相伴出现;F1种子全部呈现低谷蛋白含量和高醇溶蛋白含量特性;F2种子中呈现低谷蛋白和正常蛋白性状的比例约为3：1;从F3种子分析推断出的F2植株基因型,其低谷蛋白纯合型,杂合型和正常型的分离比例符合1：2：1。表明,W3660的低谷蛋白和高醇溶蛋白性状是由单显性基因控制,而且能稳定地遗传给后代。     

Using HPLC pigment analysis to investigate phytoplankton taxonomy: the importance of knowing your species

Phytoplankton microscopic enumerations and HPLC analyses of their pigments were performed weekly for a complete year at a coastal station in the English Channel. The taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton community was assessed using the HPLC results combined with the mathematical tool CHEMTAX in two different ways. Firstly, without using the species level taxonomic information obtained at the microscopic level (blind analyses), and secondly by including the information from the microscopic taxonomic analysis (directed analyses). The results indicate that, due to the particular pigment composition of some species (for example, the dinoflagellate, Karenia mikimotoi and the haptophyte, Phaeocystis pouchetii), a blind analysis would result in very significant errors in the taxonomic determination of the bloom events at this station. Major blooms of Karenia mikimotoi and P. pouchetii were mistaken for blooms of diatoms on the basis of a blind HPLC-CHEMTAX analysis. Only with the information from the microscopic observations was it possible to obtain an accurate representation of the phytoplankton community.Communicated by H.-D. Franke     

Genetic analysis of the anti-mutagenic effect of genistein in Escherichia coli

Genistein, the main isoflavone in soy, has received considerable attention for its potential anti-carcinogenic properties. In a previous report, we investigated the possible role of genistein in anti-mutagenesis, using an Escherichia coli reversion assay system. Genistein reduced ENU-induced mutagenesis in a dose-dependent manner and the reduction of mutation frequency was differential among several categories of mutation. Most notable was a loss of transversion mutations, which require SOS functions. In this report, we further investigated the anti-mutagenic effect of genistein using a genetic approach. E. coli strains having alterations in genes involved in SOS-mutagenesis were examined, as were strains having defects in proteins that might serve as potential targets for genistein. The results showed that ENU-induced mutations produced in recA730 and lexA(Def) strains, both expressing a constitutive SOS response, were reduced by genistein to a lesser extent than in the wild-type strain. The effect of genistein was not entirely abolished, however. ENU mutagenesis in a umuC derivative, which reflects predominantly transition mutations, was unaffected by genistein. ENU-induced mutations in strains having defects in topA, gyrA, typA or uspA were not different than the wild-type, suggesting that these gene products were not involved in genistein's anti-mutagenic effect. In addition, we determined the distribution of genistein in various cellular fractions using HPLC. These studies revealed that genistein could be recovered from E. coli cells grown on agar media containing genistein; the intracellular concentration was similar to that in the agar plates. Further, most of the genistein recovered was associated with proteins in the cytosolic fraction and little partitioned in the membrane fraction. In vitro studies showed that genistein could be precipitated from a protein (BSA) containing solution. Finally, we examined the effect of genistein on formation of the RecA filament on ssDNA in vitro and observed an inhibition at high concentrations of genistein. In total, these results suggested that genistein may reduce SOS-dependent mutagenesis by reducing the interaction of RecA protein with ssDNA. As a consequence, genistein could cause a reduction in (1) the overall SOS response (confirmed using β-galactosidase assays) and (2) trans-lesion DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase V.     

Measurement of muramic acid in marine sediments by high performance liquid chromatography

Bacterial biomass in marine sediments may be estimated from the amount of muramic acid present. A method for determining muramic acid by high performance liquid chromatography is described, which is simpler and faster than other methods. Muramic acid is released from sediment by acid hydrolysis, and assayed as an o-phthaldialdehyde derivative.