Plagiochila atlantica F. Rose,sp. nov.—P. amhagiosa auct.

Abstract

The Irish plant which, following Mitten, has commonly been referred to as Plagiochila ambagiosa Mitt. is specifically different from the type of P. ambagiosa, and is therefore described as Plagiochila atlantica F. Rose, sp. nov. It is now known from very restricted areas in Western Ireland, Western Scotland and North-western France.     

Characteristics of two marine nitrite oxidizing bacteria,Nitrospina gracilis nov. gen. nov. sp. and Nitrococcus mobilis nov. gen. nov. sp.

Summary Two new nitrite oxidizing bacteria for which the names Nitrococcus mobilis and Nitrospina gracilis are proposed were isolated from the marine environment. Nitrococcus mobilis was cultured from South Pacific waters and it is a large motile coccus with unique tubular cytomembranes. Nitrospina gracilis was isolated from South Atlantic waters and it is a long slender rod which lacks an extensive cytomembrane system. Both are obligate marine organisms and both are obligate chemoautotrophs. The fine structure of these organisms is detailed.Contribution No. 2631 from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543.     

Neoleptonema yongpilii E.-Y. Lee & I.K. Lee,gen. et sp. nov. (Phaeophyceae), based on morphological characters and RuBisCO spacer sequences

An elachistacean epiphyte, Neoleptonema yongpilii E.-Y. Lee & I.K. Lee, gen. et sp. nov., is reported from Korean coasts. The plants are distinguished by having unbranched assimilatory filaments with intercalary plurilocular sporangia as well as lateral plurilocular sporangia from the cortex. The new genus differs from the genera Leptonematella P. Silva and Halothrix Reinke by having pod-shaped plurilocular sporangia on the medulla, and from Elachista Duby and Proselachista Y.P. Lee & Garbary by having intercalary plurilocular sporangia and a poorly developed medulla. The phylogenetic relationships of Neoleptonema yongpilii were inferred from the spacer sequences between the genes coding for the large and small subunits of the RuBisCO gene. The new genus is a member of a poorly resolved clade consisting of several genera within the Elachistaceae, within which it is more closely related to Halothrix and Elachista nipponica than to Leptonematella.     

A new nitrogen-fixing bacterium: Derxia gummosa nov. gen. nov. spec.

Summary A vigorously nitrogen-fixing bacterium was isolated from a West Bengal soil. Cells from young cultures on nitrogen-deficient agar medium appear as rods measuring approx. 3–6x1.0–1.2 ., with rounded ends and homogeneous cytoplasm. Older cells contain big refractile bodies representing vacuoles and fat deposits and show a wide variation in shape. Short motile cells with a single polar flagellum arise in liquid medium with combined (ammonia) nitrogen. The Gram reation is negative and endospores are not formed.The organism is aerobic but catalase-negative. It grows rather feebly in sugar-free protein media, but in nitrogen-deficient media it produces ah heavy and extremely tenacious growth, of a characteristic uneven appearance on agar and changing from white to dark red-brown. Glucose, fructose, ethanol, glycerol, mannitol and sorbitol are the best sources of carbon. Acid but no gas is formed from several carbohydrates. Nitrogen fixation is slow but may amount to 20–25 mg. per gram glucose or mannitol supplied. Molybdenum stimulates nitrogen fixation strongly and cannot be replaced by vanadium.Various forms of combined nitrogen, especially glutamic acid, are assimilated more readily than free nitrogen. Growth can be initiated within aPh-interval from approx. 5 to 9; growing cultures may be acidified to Ph 4.5 or less.The organism is morphologically, culturally and serologically different from Azotobacter and Beijerinckia and is regarded as representing a new genus.     

Fissidens viridulus Wahlenb. and F. minutulus Sull.

Abstract

A new species of Pseudocrossidium R.S.Williams, P. exiguum M.J.Cano &; J.A.Jiménez, is described from South America (Argentina, Brazil and Peru). The species is distinguished morphologically by its lingulate to oblong-ovate leaves, leaf marginal cells not or scarcely differentiated from inner, costa ending below apex or percurrent, and semicircular to elliptical in cross-section with two guide cells, scarcely differentiated perichaetial leaves and peristome of short and straight teeth. Drawings and light microscope photographs of the new species are provided. The principal distinctive characters that separate it from the nearest species of Pseudocrossidium and related genera are discussed.     

PHYCOLOGICAL NOTES. H. EUGLENA MYXOCYLINDRACEA SP. NOV.12

A previously undescribed species of Euglena, E. myxocylindracea, sp. nov., is described from soil in a garden and in a while pine woods in Pike County, Pa. In addition to the, type, an organism (No. 457) in the Culture Collection of Algae. Indiana University, hitherto designated E. viridis var. terricola. is transferred to E. myxocylindracea as var. terricola. Differences such as the usual absence of an emergent flagellum, or the presence of an extremely short one (ca. 3.5–4 μ), and the dominance of a palmelloid state in a variety of liquid and solid culture media in which the cells secrete dichotomously branching slimy cylinders distinguish the new species from E. viridis.     

Pohlia muyldermansii Wilcz. & Dem. var. pseudomuyldermansii var. nov., a new name for P. muyldermansii Wilcz. & Dem. sensu Lewis & Smith

Abstract

The results of a comparative study of Pohlia muyldermansii from Continental Europe and the British Isles are presented. Two varieties are recognized, var. muyldermansii from Belgium and the Netherlands and var. pseudomuyldermansii var. nov. from Great Britain, Ireland, Austria and Switzerland. P. camptotrachela is reported from Belgium and differences between this species and P. muyldermansii discussed.     

Dicrocoeliidae (Trematoda: Digenea) of Australian mammals with description of Dicrocoelium antechini n. sp., Athesmioides aiolos n. g., n. sp. and Platynosomum burrman n. sp.

Dicrocoelium antechini n. sp. is described from the bile ducts of Antechinus swainsonii and A. stuartii (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae) from New South Wales. The species differs from all others in the genus in that the caecal bifurcation is well posterior to the ventral sucker and testes. Athesmioides aiolos n. g., n. sp. is described from Rattus fuscipes and R. lutreolus from New South Wales and from R. norvegicus, R. lutreolus and Pseudomys higginsi from Tasmania (all Rodentia: Muridae). The genus Athesmioides is characterised by the presence of unilateral vitelline follicles and an undivided caecum. Platynosomum burrman n. sp. is described from Isoodon macrourus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae) from the Northern Territory. It differs from other species in a combination of characters regarding the shape of the forebody, the arrangement of the gonads, the disposition of the uterus and the size of the eggs. The taxonomic status of Platynosomum australiense (Sandars, 1958), Brachylecithum insulare Angel & Pearson, 1977 and Brachylecithum hydromyos Angel & Pearson, 1977 are summarised. Records are presented of undescribed dicrocoeliids from the marsupials Petaurus breviceps, Planigale maculata and Dasyurus hallucatus and the murids Rattus fuscipes and Melomys sp.     

A lobular,ammonia-oxidizing bacterium,Nitrosolobus multiformis Nov. Gen. Nov. sp.

Summary Nitrosolobus multiformis is a lobular shaped, previously undescribed ammonia-oxidizing bacterium. The organism is ubiquitous and was isolated from soil samples obtained in various parts of the world. Its lobular nature and its internal, partially compartmentalized cytoplasm makes it morphologically unique and easily distinguishable from all other microorganisms. Physiological compartmentalization also occurs and is characterized by glycogen deposition in the peripheral compartments of the cell. The cells are obligate chemoautotrophs using CO₂ and ammonia as primary carbon and energy sources. Its obligate chemoautotrophic nature stems primarily from a metabolic deficiency. Even though the cells cannot be grown on an organic medium the cells still have a slight heterotrophic potential and are able to oxidize and assimilate minute amounts of acetate in the absence of an inorganic energy source.Contribution No. 2606 from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543.     

Conlarium duplumascospora gen. et. sp. nov. and Jobellisia guangdongensis sp. nov. from freshwater habitats in China

Conlarium duplumascospora gen. et. sp. nov. and Jobellisia guangdongensis sp. nov. are described and illustrated from submerged wood collected from Guangdong Province, China. Conlarium duplumascospora is characterized by gregarious, coriaceous and beaked ascomata; cylindrical, unitunicate asci with a bipartite apical ring; biseriate, fusiform, hyaline, 0-5-septate ascospores with or without appendages; and anamorph with muriform conidia. Jobellisia guangdongensis is characterized by globose to subglobose, gregarious and papillate ascomata; three-layered peridium; cylindrical, unitunicate asci with a refractive apical ring; and one-septate, fusiform, greenish brown ascospores. Sequence analyses of partial nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) were performed to infer the phylogenetic affinities of these new taxa. A key to species of Jobellisia is provided.     

The genusGeitleria (Cyanophyceae orCyanobacteria): Distribution ofG. calcarea andG. floridana n. sp.

The calcifying cave inhabitant atmophytic blue-green algaGeitleria calcarea is reported from new localities in Florida and in the Cook Islands.—G. floridana n. sp., is described from caves in Florida. The calcified sheath has the shape of a quadratic prism and is built of crystalline acicular subunits about 0.1 µm in diameter. The subunits mostly form a rhombic lattice pattern but in some cases, they are not distinguishable and then the surface of the sheath is smooth.This paper is dedicated with gratitude to my former teacher, Prof. Dr.Lothar Geitler, for his 80th birthday.     

Magnolia tiepii sp. nov. from Vietnam

A new species of Magnolia sect. Gwillimia DC., Magnoliaceae from Vietnam is described and illustrated. Magnolia tiepii is recognized from southern Vietnam, where it occurs in Khanh Vinh slope, Khanh Vinh District, Khanh Hoa Province. It is distinguished from the closely related M. henryi by having narrowly cuneate leaf blade, short petiole, stipular scar at the base of the leaf blade, short peduncle and ellipsoid fruit.     

Species ofAnthostomella from Brunei, includingA. oblongata sp. nov.

Species ofAnthostomella reported from Brunei have been re-examined and the data is summarized in this paper. Five species are accepted, four are synonyms of previously described species and one is a new species. The new speciesAnthostomella oblongata is described and illustrated and a list ofAnthostomella species known from Brunei and a key to these species are provided.     

Rhododendron subroseum sp. nov. and R. denudatum var. glabriovarium var. nov. (Ericaceae) from the Guizhou Province,China

One new species, Rhododendron subroseum Xiang Chen & Jiayong Huang, and one new variety, R. denudatum var. glabriovarium Xiang Chen & Xun Chen (Ericaceae), from the Guizhou Province, China are described and illustrated. Rhododendron subroseum is most similar to R. morii from which it differs mainly by having glandular branchlets, a subcordate leaf blade base and a mucronate leaf blade apex, a less floriferous inflorescence, a campanulate to broadly‐campanulate corolla, and a glandular‐hairy style. Rhododendron denudatum var. glabriovarium differs from R. denudatum var. denudatum mainly by having a glabrous ovary. Both of the new taxa are quite rare and therefore their protection is highly desired.     

Fusarium kyushuense sp. nov. from Japan

Four trichothecene-producing strains originally isolated from diseased wheat and a vinyl plate in Kyushu and Shikoku, Japan are described and illustrated as a new species,Fusarium kyushuense. This species does not produce chalamydospores, which is the key morphological character which distinguishes it fromF. sporotrichioides with which it has been mistaken.Fusarium kyushuense is also differentiated from another morphologically similar species,F. arthrosporioides, by absence of sclerotia and by differences in conidiogenesis of obovate, conidia. InF. arthrosporioides conidia are partly holoblastic from the aerial conidiophores and mostly phialidic from the sporodochial conidiophores, while inF. kyushuense conidia are mostly holoblastic and only produced from aerial conidiophores.     

Filobasidium capsuligenum nov. comb.

Leucosporidium capsuligenum Fell et al. is classified in the genusFilobasidium Olive sinceTilletia-like basidia were discovered growing out from a dicaryotic mycelium with clamp connections. The speciesFilobasidium floriforme andFilobasidium capsuligenum are compared morphologically and physiologically. The author is indebted to Dr. G. Kraepelin who place the original culture, isolated from soil with dead leaves, to the disposal of the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, and to Dr. J. A. von Arx who provided him with the singlespore isolates.     

Moniligerum blairi n. g., n. sp. and Nudacotyle undicola n. sp. (Trematoda: Digenea) from the West Indian Manatee,Trichechus manatus L.

Moniligerum n. g. is erected for Moniligerum blairi n. sp. (Opisthotrematidae) and Nudacotyle undicola n. sp. (Nudacotylidae) is described, both from the small intestine of Trichechus manatus L. from Martin County, Florida. The new genus is placed in the family Opisthotrematidae Poche, 1926, subfamily Lankatrematinae Yamaguti, 1958. Moniligerum differs from other genera in the subfamily (Lankatrema Crusz & Fernand, 1954, and Lankatrematoides Blair, 1981) by the possession of an anterior collar and in the form of the ovary (compact and not transversely elongated) and vitellarium (single median lobed mass). Nudacotyle undicola differs from N. valdevaginatus, the most similar species, in body size, the length of the caeca, the shape of the vitellarium and the position of the genital pore, cirrus pouch and ovary.Supported in part by Cooperative Agreement No. 14-16-0008-1204 from the US Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Serivice. Florida Agricultural Experimental Stations Journal Series No. 3820.Supported in part by Cooperative Agreement No. 14-16-0008-1204 from the US Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Serivice. Florida Agricultural Experimental Stations Journal Series No. 3820.     

Revision of genus Melamphaes (Melamphaidae): Part 4. Multi-raker species: M. ebelingi, M. occlusus sp. nova, and M. nikolayi sp. nova

In the fourth part of the revision of the genus Melamphaes (Melamphaidae) multi-raker species (20 and more rakers at the first gill arch, rarely 19??in M. ebelingi) with eight soft rays in the ventral fin are considered. In this species, temporal spine is absent, there are 15 rays in the pectoral fin, and there are 11 to 12 abdominal vertebrae. M. ebelingi inhabits tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean. A new catch of this rare species in the northeastern part of the ocean is reported. The new species M. occlusus is described from one specimen from the subtropical part of the southwestern part of the Indian Ocean. Still another new species, M. nikolayi, is described from one specimen from the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean (subtropical waters). A table for identification of 15 multi-raker species of the genus Melamphaes is provided.     

Penicillium flavido-stipitatum sp. nov.

An undescribed species of Penicillium was isolated in August 1982 from sand dunes located at the Arches National Monument, Utah, USA. It clearly differs from all species of the genus described so far and is, therefore, described and proposed as a new taxon: Penicillium flavido-stipitatum sp. nov.