Anticancer substances of vegetable origin. Spindle poisons: vincaleukoblastine, leurocristine and navelbine; taxol and taxotere]

The biological activity of spindle poisons can easily be measured using an in vitro assay based on the interaction of these substances with their cellular "receptor": tubulin. The use of this assay led us to select Navelbine and Taxotere as antimitotic substances. These compounds, as well as their natural parents: vincaleucoblastine, leurocristine and taxol respectively, have been obtained by semi-synthesis using relatively abundant natural precursors as starting materials. This paper summarizes the preparation of these important anticancer drugs.     

Restoration of peptidergic regulation in the kidney by exogenous polypeptide substances of renal origin]

Investigations, performed by high-effective liquid chromatography method have shown changes in the chromatographic spectrum of polypeptides, extracted from the cortex of the kidneys of rats with experimental pathology (autoimmune Haymann's nephritis). Injection of exogenous polypeptides substances extracted from kidney tissues caused normalization of the exogenous polypeptide substances in the kidneys of the experimental animals. A conclusion is made on the regulatory influence of renal exogenous polypeptides in terms of conception of the peptidergic regulation system.     

Amperometric assay of antioxidants in foodstuffs of vegetable origin

The importance of assaying antioxidants in main foodstuff items and drinks in the context of their use in timely antioxidant treatment is considered. The results of amperometric assay of the total content of antioxidants in foodstuffs of vegetable origin (herb extracts, tea, coffee, wine, brandy, balsams, beer, vegetables, fruit, and berries) are reported.     

Buffer capacity of polyproton substances]

Mathematical analysis of protolytic properties of a polyelectrolite with arbitrary set of stepwise dissotiation constants is carried out, based on disintegration of summary titration curves and buffer capacity for basic functions. It is demonstrated, that in some cases (for example, investigation of biomembranes and their components) simplified disintegration variants can be used. Buffer titration curve of biopolymers and biomembranes is a "buffer spectrum", the position of bands on the pH scale, their intensity and half-width being determined by the nature of the object (the quantity and quality of hydrophilic groups and the set of its conformation states). Sharp peaks of the buffer spectrum correspond to the conformation transition of the object, and their half-width on the pH scale determines the cooperative degree of each conformation transition. The mathematical analysis described is not specific to the formation of polyprotonic complex, and it can be used in investigation of the complex formation with any monodentant ligand. It is concluded that the method described can be used in the investigation of complex biomembranes and different processes, in which these membranes participate.     

The origin of certain nutritive substances in the eggs of hemiptera

1.

1) The end chambers of the ovarial lobes in coreid Hemiptera contribute to the nutritive materials which are stored in the growing egg.     

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors of microbial origin]

The data on spreading of inhibitors of alpha-glucosidases with microbial origin are given. Physiochemical characteristics of acorbose--a known inhibitor of alpha-glucosidases--and new inhibitor isolated from Streptomyces sp. are given in detail.