共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 0 毫秒
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Yan Zhou Kevin Gu Tadanori Kurosawa Yikun Guo Yunke Li Haoran Lin Hongping Yan Francisco Molina‐Lopez Christopher J. Tassone Cheng Wang Stefan C. B. Mannsfeld He Yan Dahui Zhao Michael F. Toney Zhenan Bao 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(14)
The challenge of continuous printing in high‐efficiency large‐area organic solar cells is a key limiting factor for their widespread adoption. A materials design concept for achieving large‐area, solution‐coated all‐polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells with stable phase separation morphology between the donor and acceptor is presented. The key concept lies in inhibiting strong crystallization of donor and acceptor polymers, thus forming intermixed, low crystallinity, and mostly amorphous blends. Based on experiments using donors and acceptors with different degree of crystallinity, the results show that microphase separated donor and acceptor domain sizes are inversely proportional to the crystallinity of the conjugated polymers. This methodology of using low crystallinity donors and acceptors has the added benefit of forming a consistent and robust morphology that is insensitive to different processing conditions, allowing one to easily scale up the printing process from a small‐scale solution shearing coater to a large‐scale continuous roll‐to‐roll (R2R) printer. Large‐area all‐polymer solar cells are continuously roll‐to‐roll slot die printed with power conversion efficiencies of 5%, with combined cell area up to 10 cm2. This is among the highest efficiencies realized with R2R‐coated active layer organic materials on flexible substrate. 相似文献
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Copolymers based on dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]silole (DTS) and dithienylthiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole (TTz) are synthesized and tested in an all‐solution roll process for polymer solar cells (PSCs). Fabrication of polymer:[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) solar cells is done on a previously reported compact coating/printing machine, which enables the preparation of PSCs that are directly scalable with full roll‐to‐roll processing. The positioning of the side‐chains on the thiophene units proves to be very significant in terms of solubility of the polymers and consequently has a major impact on the device yield and process control. The most successful processing is accomplished with the polymer, PDTSTTz‐4 , that has the side‐chains situated in the 4‐position on the thiophene units. Inverted PSCs based on PDTSTTz‐4 demonstrate high fill factors, up to 59%, even with active layer thicknesses well above 200 nm. Power conversion efficiencies of up to 3.5% can be reached with the roll‐coated PDTSTTz‐4 :PCBM solar cells that, together with good process control and high device yield, designate PDTSTTz‐4 as a convincing candidate for high‐throughput roll‐to‐roll production of PSCs. 相似文献
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Jeongjoo Lee You‐Hyun Seo Sung‐Nam Kwon Do‐Hyung Kim Seokhoon Jang Hyeonwoo Jung Youngu Lee Hasitha Weerasinghe Taehyo Kim Jin Young Kim Doojin Vak Seok‐In Na 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(36)
The record efficiency of the state‐of‐the‐art polymer solar cells (PSCs) is rapidly increasing, due to the discovery of high‐performance photoactive donor and acceptor materials. However, strong questions remain as to whether such high‐efficiency PSCs can be produced by scalable processes. This paper reports a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.5% achieved with single‐junction ternary PSCs based on PTB7‐Th, PC71BM, and COi8DFIC fabricated by slot‐die coating, which shows the highest PCE ever reported in PSCs fabricated by a scalable process. To understand the origin of the high performance of the slot‐die coated device, slot‐die coated photoactive films and devices are systematically investigated. These results indicate that the good performance of the slot‐die PSCs can be due to a favorable molecule‐structure and film‐morphology change by introducing 1,8‐diiodooctane and heat treatment, which can lead to improved charge transport with reduced carrier recombination. The optimized condition is then used for the fabrication of large‐area modules and also for roll‐to‐roll fabrication. The slot‐die coated module with 30 cm2 active‐area and roll‐to‐roll produced flexible PSC has shown 8.6% and 9.6%, respectively. These efficiencies are the highest in each category and demonstrate the strong potential of the slot‐die coated ternary system for commercial applications. 相似文献
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Nayool Shin Lee J. Richter Andrew A. Herzing R. Joseph Kline Dean M. DeLongchamp 《Liver Transplantation》2013,3(7):938-948
The use of processing additives has emerged as a powerful approach for the optimization of active layer performance in organic photovoltaic devices. However, definitive physical mechanisms explaining the impact of additives have not yet been determined. To elucidate the role of additives, we have studied the time evolution of structure in polymer‐fullerene films blade‐coated from additive containing solutions using in‐situ spectroscopic ellipsometry and UV–vis transmission. Additives that are poor solvents for poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT), such as 1,8‐octanedithiol, and additives that are good solvents for P3HT, such as 1‐chloronapthalene, both promote improved polymer order, phase segregation, and device performance. Regardless of the presence or type of additive, the polymer order develops under conditions of extreme supersaturation. Additives, regardless of whether they are solvents for P3HT, promote earlier polymer aggregation compared to additive ‐ free solutions presumably by degrading the solvent quality. We find evidence that the details of the final film morphology may be linked to the influence of the substrate and long‐time film plasticization in the cases of the non‐solvent and solvent respectively. 相似文献
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Thue T. Larsen‐Olsen Florian Machui Balthazar Lechene Stephane Berny Dechan Angmo Roar Søndergaard Nicolas Blouin William Mitchell Steven Tierney Tobias Cull Priti Tiwana Frank Meyer Miguel Carrasco‐Orozco Arnulf Scheel Wilfried Lövenich Rémi de Bettignies Christoph J. Brabec Frederik C. Krebs 《Liver Transplantation》2012,2(9):1091-1094
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Gisele A. dos Reis Benatto Bérenger Roth Morten V. Madsen Markus Hösel Roar R. Søndergaard Mikkel Jørgensen Frederik C. Krebs 《Liver Transplantation》2014,4(15)
As mass‐produced, low‐cost organic electronics enter our everyday lives, so does the waste from them. The challenges associated with end‐of‐life management must be addressed by careful design and carbon‐based electrodes are central to these developments. Here, the reproducible production of vacuum‐, indium tin oxide (ITO)‐, and silver‐free solar cells in a fully packaged form using only roll‐to‐roll processing is reported. Replacing silver with carbon as electrode material significantly lowers the manufacturing cost and makes the organic photovoltaic (OPV) modules environmentally safe while retaining their flexibility, active area efficiency, and stability. The substitution of silver with carbon does not affect the roll‐to‐roll manufacturing of the modules and allows for the same fast printing and coating. The use of carbon as electrode material is one step closer to the wide release of low‐cost plastic solar cells and opens the door to new possible applications where silver recycling is not manageable. 相似文献
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Yong Woon Han Sung Jae Jeon Hyoung Seok Lee Hongkwan Park Kwang Su Kim Ho‐Won Lee Doo Kyung Moon 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(42)
To ensure laboratory‐to‐industry transfer of next‐generation energy harvesting organic solar cells (OSCs), it is necessary to develop flexible OSC modules that can be produced on a continuous roll‐to‐roll basis and to apply an all‐solution process. In this study, nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs)‐based donor polymer, SMD2, is newly designed and synthesized to continuously fabricate high‐performance flexible OSC modules. Also, multifunctional hole transport layers (HTLs), WO3/HTL solar bilayer HTLs, are developed and applied via an all‐solution process called “ProcessOne” into inverted structure. SMD2, the donor terpolymer, has a deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and can achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.3% with NFAs without any pre‐/post‐treatment because of its optimal balance between crystallinity and miscibility. Furthermore, the integration of multifunctional HTLs enables the recovery of the drop in open circuit voltage (VOC) caused by a mismatch in energy levels between the deep HOMO level of the NFAs‐based bulk‐heterojunction layer and the solution‐processed HTLs. Also, the photostability under ultraviolet‐exposure necessary for “ProcessOne” is greatly improved because of the integration of multifunctional HTLs. Consequently, because of the synergistic effects of these approaches, the flexible OSC modules fabricated in an industrial production line have a PCE of 5.25% (Pmax = 419.6 mW) on an active area of 80 cm2. 相似文献
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Martin Helgesen Jon E. Carlé Gisele A. dos Reis Benatto Roar R. Søndergaard Mikkel Jørgensen Eva Bundgaard Frederik C. Krebs 《Liver Transplantation》2015,5(9)
Continuous flow methods are employed for the controlled polymerization of the roll‐to‐roll (R2R) compatible polymer PBDTTTz‐4 including optimization and upscaling experiments. The polymerization rate and materials’ quality can be increased significantly with the continuous flow method where reaction times down to 10 min afforded PBDTTTz‐4 with high molecular weight and a constant quality. The flow method enables full control of the molecular weight via tuning of the flow speed, catalyst loading, and temperature and avoids variation in materials’ quality associated with conventional batch synthesis. Upscaling from 300 mg batch synthesis to 10 g flow synthesis affords PBDTTTz‐4 with a production rate of up to 120 g day?1 for a very simple in‐house build flow reactor. An average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.5% is achieved on a small scale (1 cm2) and an average PCE of 3.3% is achieved on a large scale (29 cm2). This shows that small device efficiencies can be scaled when using full R2R processing of flexible and encapsulated carbon‐based modules without the use of vacuum, indium‐tin‐oxide, or silver, with the best achieving a PCE of 3.8% PCE. 相似文献
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Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma Mohammed Al‐Senani Abdulrahman El‐Labban Issam Gereige Guy O. Ngongang Ndjawa Jorge C. D. Faria Taesoo Kim Kui Zhao Federico Cruciani Dalaver H. Anjum Martyn A. McLachlan Pierre M. Beaujuge Aram Amassian 《Liver Transplantation》2015,5(12)
A facile and low‐temperature (125 °C) solution‐processed Al‐doped ZnO (AZO) buffer layer functioning very effectively as electron accepting/hole blocking layer for a wide range of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction systems, yielding power conversion efficiency in excess of 10% (8%) on glass (plastic) substrates is described. The ammonia‐treatment of the aqueous AZO nanoparticle solution produces compact, crystalline, and smooth thin films, which retain the aluminum doping, and eliminates/reduces the native defects by nitrogen incorporation, making them good electron transporters and energetically matched with the fullerene acceptor. It is demonstrated that highly efficient solar cells can be achieved without the need for additional surface chemical modifications of the buffer layer, which is a common requirement for many metal oxide buffer layers to yield efficient solar cells. Also highly efficient solar cells are achieved with thick AZO films (>50 nm), highlighting the suitability of this material for roll‐to‐roll coating. Preliminary results on the applicability of AZO as electron injection layer in F8BT‐based polymer light emitting diode are also presented. 相似文献
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Polymer Solar Cells: Polymer Solar Cells with Efficiency >10% Enabled via a Facile Solution‐Processed Al‐Doped ZnO Electron Transporting Layer (Adv. Energy Mater. 12/2015) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma Mohammed Al‐Senani Abdulrahman El‐Labban Issam Gereige Guy O. Ngongang Ndjawa Jorge C. D. Faria Taesoo Kim Kui Zhao Federico Cruciani Dalaver H. Anjum Martyn A. McLachlan Pierre M. Beaujuge Aram Amassian 《Liver Transplantation》2015,5(12)
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In consideration of the unique advantages of new non‐fullerene acceptors and the tandem‐junction structure, organic photovoltaics (OPVs) based on them are very promising. Studies related to this emerging area began in 2016 with achieved power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 8–10%, which have now been boosted to 17%. In this essay, the construction of high‐performance OPVs is discussed, with a focus on combining the advantages of new non‐fullerene acceptors and the tandem‐junction structure. In order to achieve higher PCEs, methods to enable high short‐circuit current density, open‐circuit voltage, and fill factor are discussed. In addition, the stability and reproducibility of high‐efficiency OPVs are also addressed. Herein, it is forecast that the new non‐fullerene acceptors‐based tandem‐junction OPVs will become the next big wave in the field and achieve high PCEs over 20% in the near future. Some promising research directions on this emerging hot topic are proposed which may further push the field into the 25% high efficiency era and considerably advance the technology beyond laboratory research. 相似文献
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Xiaoyan Du Ole Lytken Manuela S. Killian Jiamin Cao Tobias Stubhan Mathieu Turbiez Patrik Schmuki Hans‐Peter Steinrück Liming Ding Rainer H. Fink Ning Li Christoph J. Brabec 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(5)
Organic solar cells are promising in terms of full‐solution‐processing which enables low‐cost and large‐scale fabrication. While single‐junction solar cells have seen a boost in power conversion efficiency (PCE), multi‐junction solar cells are promising to further enhance the PCE. In all‐solution‐processed multi‐junction solar cells, interfacial losses are often encountered between hole‐transporting layer (HTL) and the active layers and therefore greatly limit the application of newly developed high‐performance donor and acceptor materials in multi‐junction solar cells. Here, the authors report on a systematic study of interface losses in both single‐junction and multi‐junction solar cells based on representative polymer donors and HTLs using electron spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. It is found that a facile mixed HTL containing poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and MoO x nanoparticles successfully overcomes the interfacial losses in both single‐ and multi‐junction solar cells based on various active layers by reducing interface protonation, promoting better energy‐level alignment, and forming a dense and smooth layer. Solution‐processed single‐junction solar cells are demonstrated to reach the same performance as with evaporated MoO x (over 7%). Multi‐junction solar cells with polymers containing nitrogen atoms as the first layer and the mixed PEDOT:PSS and MoO x nanoparticles as hole extraction layer reach fill factor (FF) of over 60%, and PCE of over 8%, while the identical stack with pristine PEDOT:PSS or MoO x nanoparticles show FF smaller than 50% and PCE less than 5%. 相似文献