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To further boost the efficiency of dye‐sensitized solar cells, a correct evaluation of the real limitations of this type of solar cell should be conducted. From a simple analysis of the photovoltaic data found in the literature, it is evident that the Voc decrease, through energy losses, seems to be the most crucial factor diminishing the overall system efficiency. In particular, losses arising from the regeneration of the dye by the iodide/triiodide redox mediator are huge. The most convenient manner to recuperate these losses is the use of alternative redox mediators with more positive redox potentials than that of the iodide‐based shuttle. Among various types of redox active compounds, ferrocene/ferrocenium, Cu+/2+, and Co2+/3+ complexes are found to be the most effective in solar cells and the obtained efficiencies of more than 12% clearly show that a breakthrough is close, paving revolutionary roads towards making new records. 相似文献
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Solar Cells: Room‐Temperature Vapor Deposition of Cobalt Nitride Nanofilms for Mesoscopic and Perovskite Solar Cells (Adv. Energy Mater. 13/2018) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jin Soo Kang Jae‐Yup Kim Jungjin Yoon Jin Kim Jiwoong Yang Dong Young Chung Min‐cheol Kim Hansol Jeong Yoon Jun Son Bong Gyu Kim Juwon Jeong Taeghwan Hyeon Mansoo Choi Min Jae Ko Yung‐Eun Sung 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(13)
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Jin Soo Kang Jae‐Yup Kim Jungjin Yoon Jin Kim Jiwoong Yang Dong Young Chung Min‐cheol Kim Hansol Jeong Yoon Jun Son Bong Gyu Kim Juwon Jeong Taeghwan Hyeon Mansoo Choi Min Jae Ko Yung‐Eun Sung 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(13)
Organic/inorganic hybrid solar cells, typically mesoscopic and perovskite solar cells, are regarded as promising candidates to replace conventional silicon or thin film photovoltaics. There have been intensive investigations on the development of advanced materials for improved power conversion efficiencies, however, economical feasibilities and reliabilities of the organic/inorganic photovoltaics are yet to reach at a sufficient level for practical utilizations. In this study, cobalt nitride (CoN) nanofilms prepared by room‐temperature vapor deposition in an inert N2 atmosphere, which is a facile and highly reproducible procedure, are proposed as a low‐cost counter electrode in mesoscopic dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) and a hole transport material in inverted planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for the first time. The CoN film successfully replaces conventional Pt in DSCs, resulting in a power conversion efficiency comparable to the ones based on Pt. In addition, PSCs employing the CoN manifest high efficiency even up to 15.0%, which is comparable to state‐of‐the‐art performance in the cases of PSCs employing inorganic hole transporters. Furthermore, flexible solar cell applications of the CoN are performed in both mesoscopic and perovskite solar cells, verifying the advantages of the room‐temperature deposition process and feasibilities of the CoN nanofilms in various fields. 相似文献
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Girolamo Mincuzzi Luigi Vesce Malte Schulz‐Ruhtenberg Elmar Gehlen Andrea Reale Aldo Di Carlo Thomas M. Brown 《Liver Transplantation》2014,4(14)
Novel approaches for the fabrication of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are reported in which all the main constituent materials are processed by laser radiation. In addition to laser sintering of the nanocrystalline TiO2 film it is shown that lasers can be successfully utilized for nc‐TiO2 film patterning, platinization of the counter‐electrode, and efficient gasket sealing. All the mentioned processes are optimized and utilized for the fabrication of the first efficient and durable all‐laser‐based DSCs. Under one sun A.M. 1.5 illumination the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is 5.3% (6.2% unmasked) and also greater than or equal to the PCE of the cell fabricated with the same materials set but processed using conventional procedures (5.2%). These results open up a new scenario for DSC technology, i.e., that of setting up an entire, laser‐based, three‐step DSC pilot production line with tangible advantages in terms of effective processing, automation, large area scalability, and embedded energy. 相似文献
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Kun Zhang Chuanjiang Qin Xudong Yang Ashraful Islam Shufang Zhang Han Chen Liyuan Han 《Liver Transplantation》2014,4(11)
Dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have attracted great interest as one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies, and transparent DSCs show potential applications as photovoltaic windows. However, the competition between light absorption for photocurrent generation and light transmittance for obtaining high transparency limits the performance of transparent DSCs. Here, transparent DSCs exhibiting a high light transmittance of 60.3% and high energy conversion efficiency (3.66%) are reported. The strategy is to create a cocktail system composed of ultraviolet and near‐infrared dye sensitizers that selectively and efficiently harvest light in the invisible or low‐eye‐sensitivity region while transmitting light in high‐eye‐sensitivity regions. This new design provides a reasonable approach for realizing high efficiency and transparency DSCs that have potential applications as photovoltaic windows. 相似文献
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Hussein Melhem Pardis Simon Layla Beouch Fabrice Goubard Mourad Boucharef Catherine Di Bin Yann Leconte Bernard Ratier Nathalie Herlin‐Boime Johann Bouclé 《Liver Transplantation》2011,1(5):908-916
A crucial issue regarding emerging nanotechnologies remains the up‐scaling of new functional nanostructured materials towards their implementation in high performance applications on a large scale. In this context, we demonstrate high efficiency solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells prepared from new porous TiO2 photoanodes based on laser pyrolysis nanocrystals. This strategy exploits a reduced number of processing steps as well as non‐toxic chemical compounds to demonstrate highly porous TiO2 films. The possibility to easily tune the TiO2 nanocrystal physical properties allows us to demonstrate all solid‐state dye‐sensitized devices based on a commercial benchmark materials (organic indoline dye and molecular hole transporter) presenting state‐of‐the‐art performance comparable with reference devices based on a commercial TiO2 paste. In particular, a drastic improvement in pore infiltration, which is found to balance a relatively lower surface area compared to the reference electrode, is evidenced using laser‐synthesized nanocrystals resulting in an improved short‐circuit current density under full sunlight. Transient photovoltage decay measurements suggest that charge recombination kinetics still limit device performance. However, the proposed strategy emphasizes the potentialities of the laser pyrolysis technique for up‐scaling nanoporous TiO2 electrodes for various applications, especially for solar energy conversion. 相似文献
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Erik Gabrielsson Hanna Ellis Sandra Feldt Haining Tian Gerrit Boschloo Anders Hagfeldt Licheng Sun 《Liver Transplantation》2013,3(12):1647-1656
A series of four new dyes, based on the D35 type donor moiety with varied linker units, is synthesized using a facile convergent/divergent method, enabled by an improved synthesis of the D35 donor. The dyes are evaluated in dye sensitized solar cells with Co(II/III)(bpy)3‐based electrolytes. By extending the linker fragment, higher photocurrents and solar energy conversion efficiencies are achieved. It is also found that the linker unit plays a crucial role in maintaining a high open‐circuit photovoltage. Based on the photovoltaic performance it is concluded that the hexylthiophene unit is the most suitable for this purpose, as it allows further enhancement of the already high open‐circuit voltage of D35 to 0.92 V. The best dye in this series reaches an efficiency of 6.8%. 相似文献
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Next‐generation organic solar cells such as dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are studied at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and their materials, electronic properties, and fabrication processes are investigated. To enhance the performance of DSSCs, the basic structure of an electron donor, π‐electron linker, and electron acceptor, i.e., D–π–A, is suggested. In addition, special organic dyes containing coumarin, carbazole, and triphenylamine electron donor groups are synthesized to find an effective dye structure that avoids charge recombination at electrode surfaces. Meanwhile, PSCs are manufactured using both a coating method and a laser deposition technique. The results of interfacial studies demonstrate that the level of the conduction band edge (CBE) of a compact TiO2 layer is shifted after TiCl4 treatment, which strongly affects the solar cell performance. Furthermore, a special laser deposition system is developed for the fabrication of the perovskite layers of PSCs, which facilitates the control over the deposition rate of methyl ammonium iodide used as their precursor. 相似文献
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Silvia Colella Emanuele Orgiu Ingmar Bruder Andrea Liscio Vincenzo Palermo Bernd Bruchmann Paolo Samorì Peter Erk 《Liver Transplantation》2014,4(9)
We report a comparative study on the use of four different mesoporous titanium dioxide (TiO2) photo‐electrodes for the fabrication of solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells (sDSSCs). The photovoltaic parameters of the device correlate with several intrinsic properties of the film, based not only on its morphological features, as commonly considered in standard characterizations, but also on the transport and the electronic properties of the photo‐electrode. These properties differ significantly for TiO2 electrodes processed using different colloidal pastes, and are decisive for the photovoltaic efficiency, ranging from 3.7% up to 5.1%. In particular, the dielectric permittivity of each mesoporous layer (εeff) and the number of traps (Nt) determined by the space‐charge‐limited current (SCLC) theory are found to be a bottle‐neck for the charge transport, greatly influencing the fill factor (FF) and open circuit voltage (Voc) of the cells. In addition, a direct correlation between TiO2 surface potential with the Voc was established. Cross‐analysis of key macroscopic parameters of the films prior to integration in the devices, in particular focusing on the determination of the capacitance and surface potential shift of the TiO2 mesoporous anode, represents a straightforward yet powerful method to screen and select the most suitable TiO2 for applications in sDSSCs. 相似文献
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Zhaofei Chai Mei Wu Manman Fang Sushu Wan Ting Xu Runli Tang Yujun Xie Anyi Mei Hongwei Han Qianqian Li Zhen Li 《Liver Transplantation》2015,5(18)
A novel approach for enhancing the performance of dye‐sensitized solar cells is presented. It is based on the analysis of five sensitizers by utilizing triarylamine as donor, thiophene benzothiadiazole as chromophore and substituted thienyl linked with cyanoacrylic acid as the anchoring group (LI‐80‐LI‐84). Accompanied with the increasing steric hindrance of the substituents on the thienyl isolation group, the conformation of the dyes, in particular the angle between the chromophore and the anchoring group, becomes more and more twisted. Surprisingly, sensitizers with poorer conjugation effects (the higher twisted conformation) achieve better photovoltaic performances, showing a contrary trend to the traditional donor‐(π‐spacer)‐acceptor dyes with a better co‐planarity. On the basis of the preceding fundamental comprehensions, an empirical method is successfully applied to a new phenyl‐based system (LI‐85 and LI‐86) to improve their performances. The systematical investigation indicates that the twisted structures can contribute to the ECB of the TiO2 film, electron lifetime and resistance at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface. Thereby, the efficiency of the initial LI‐80‐based cell has been dramatically improved to 2.45 times higher for LI‐86‐based cell, paving a new way for the design of better sensitizers with higher device performances. 相似文献
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Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells: 1,1,2,2‐Tetrachloroethane (TeCA) as a Solvent Additive for Organic Hole Transport Materials and Its Application in Highly Efficient Solid‐State Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (Adv. Energy Mater. 10/2015) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Bo Xu Erik Gabrielsson Majid Safdari Ming Cheng Yong Hua Haining Tian James M. Gardner Lars Kloo Licheng Sun 《Liver Transplantation》2015,5(10)