A Brief Introduction to Ningxia Agricultural Biotechnological Key Laboratory

Ningxia Agricultural Biotechnological Key Laboratory ( NABKL) was based onNingxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences establlished in January,1 997.Itwas approved and named by the government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in1 999.Dr.Xuxing,the Dean of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences,wasappointed the Director of the laboratory in 2 0 0 1 .Research field and specialityThe main research area of the laboratory is focused on applied basic theory of plantbiot…     

DESCRIPTION OF A KUBANOCHOERUS SKULL FROM TONGXIN, NINGXIA

<正> A rich Middle Miocene mammalian fauna was discovered in a gully named Maerzuizi Gou, Tongxin County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, in the winter of 1985. Among the fossils is a well preserved skull evidently belonging to Kubanochoerus. It is the third and, as far as we know, the best preserved of its kind so far in the world. A careful study of the skull has enabled us not only to review all the fossils previously discovered and assigned either to Listriodon or to Bunolistriodon in China, but also to clarify in certain degree the evolutionary trend and the classification of that particular group.     

A NEW SPECIES OF SINOLAGOMYS(LAGOMORPHA,OCHOTONIDAE)FROM XINJIANG

<正> More than 200 upper and lower jaws of ochotonid were found in the Late Oligocene of thenorthern part of the Junggar Basin,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,in the summer of1982.Sinolagomys.a unique Paleogene lagomorph with rootless(?) cheek teeth,was erected byBohlin(1937)based on the collections from Shargaltien and Taben-buluk,Gansu province.Upto now,it has been recorded from Middle Oligocene to the Lower Miocene of Gansu,Ninxia,Nei Mongol,and Xinjiang of China,and the Mongolian People's Republic.     

Two new species of the genus Eotmethis from China (Orthoptera: Acridioidea: Pamphagidae)

Two new species of the genus Eotmethis Bey-Bienko, 1948 are described in this paper, namely E. daqingshanensis sp. nov. and E. gansuensis sp. nov. from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, respectively. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.     

ON ALLOPTOX (LAGOMORPHA, OCHOTONIDAE)FROM THE MIDDLE MIOCENE OF TONGXIN, NINGXIA HUI AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA

<正> Rather abundant sample of Alloptox, including skulls, maxillae, mandibles and isolated teeth, was collected from the middle Miocene of Tongxin County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region during the two field seasons in 1985 and 1986, when reconnaissance and geological mapping of the middle Miocene in this region were conducted by a joint party of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica (IVPP) and the Bureau of Geology, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The specimens came from 18 localities pertaining to 9 levels in a sequence of middle Miocene fluviatile sediments with a thickness of ca. 200m. Except for the specimens assigned to Alloptox sp. from locality Taoziliang, all are recognized as Alloptox gobiensis. The present paper deals with only their dental morphology which is probably phylogenetically significant. Altogether 327 specimens of Alloptox gobiensis and 27 specimens of Alloptox sp. have been described. The text figures are drawn by the authors and Mrs. Yang Mingwan. All teeth are presented as left ones, the abbreviatd word "inv" is used under the figures of right teeth. All specimens are stored in IVPP under the inventory number V8822-V8839. The authors are much obliged to Prof. Qiu Zhanxiang for reading and correcting the English version of this paper.     

Carbon storage and potentials of the broad-leaved forest in alpine region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China北大核心CSCD

Aims Our objective was to explore the vegetation carbon storages and their variations in the broad-leaved forests in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau that includes Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region. Methods Based on forest resource inventory data and field sampling, this paper studied the carbon storage, its sequestration rate, and the potentials in the broad-leaved forests in the alpine region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Important findings The vegetation carbon storage in the broad-leaved forest accounted for 310.70 Tg in 2011, with the highest value in the broad-leaved mixed forest and the lowest in Populus forest among the six broad-leaved forests that include Quercus, Betula, Populus, other hard broad-leaved species, other soft broad-leaved species, and the broadleaved mixed forest. The carbon density of the broad-leaved forest was 89.04 Mg•hm2, with the highest value in other hard broad-leaved species forest and the lowest in other soft broad-leaved species forest. The carbon storage and carbon density in different layers of the forests followed a sequence of overstory layer > understory layer > litter layer > grass layer > dead wood layer, which all increased with forest age. In addition, the carbon storage of broad-leaved forest increased from 304.26 Tg in 2001 to 310.70 Tg in 2011. The mean annual carbon sequestration and its rate were 0.64 Tg•a1 and 0.19 Mg•hm2•a1, respectively. The maximum and minimum of the carbon sequestration rate were respectively found in other soft broad-leaved species forest and other hard broad-leaved species forest, with the highest value in the mature forest and the lowest in the young forest. Moreover, the carbon sequestration potential in the tree layer of broad-leaved forest reached 19.09 Mg•hm2 in 2011, with the highest value found in Quercus forest and the lowest in Betula forest. The carbon storage increased gradually during three inventory periods, indicating that the broad-leaved forest was well protected to maintain a healthy growth by the forest protection project of Qinghai Province and Xizang Autonomous Region.     

BUNOLISTRIODON INTERMEDIUS (SUIDAE, ARTIODACTYLA) FROM TONGXIN, NINGXIA

<正> From the same beds in the east of Tongxin County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, where the large Kubanochoerous had been found (Qiu et al., 1988), some Bunolistriodon jaws and teeth were recently discovered. These specimens have been assigned to B. intermedius. The new material enables us to discuss in more detail the possible relationships between the so-called intermediate "Listriodon" and lophodont listriodons.     

A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS CULICOIDES （JILINOCOIDES）（DIPTERA： CERATOPOGONIDAE） FROM THE GUANGXI ZHUANG AUTON. REG., CHINA

A new species of Culicoides ( Jilinocoides ), C. ( J. ) guangxiensis sp. nov. from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China is described. The new species is closely allied to Culicoides qianweiensis Yu 1982,but is distinctly different in the presentation of the sensilla coeloconica, sensory pit of the palpus third segment,number of mandible teeth, pale spot on basal portion of wing and r-m pale spot on wing of female. The type spec-imen is deposited in the Institute of Military Medical Sciences, Shenyang Military District, Shenyang 110034,China.     

异孢炭黑粉菌（黑粉菌目）——中国新记录种

A new Chinese record, Anthracoidea heterospora (B. Lindeb.) Kukkonen (1963) on Carex ensifolia Turcz. ex Ledeb. (Cyperaceae, subgen. Eucarex, section Phacocystis), was collected from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China in 1975. So far, five species of Anthracoidea have been recognized on section Phacocystis.     

中国毛壳菌科研究III.毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属的种(英文)

报道了毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属5个新记录种,同丝毛壳Chaetomiumhomopilatum,刺毛壳C.spinosum,变绿毛壳C.virescens,小孢梭孢壳Thielaviamicrospora,栖土梭孢壳T.terricola。根据所采集的标本和菌种对这些种进行了描述和照像。干制培养物标本和菌种保藏在西北农林科技大学真菌标本室(HMUABO)。     

中国毛壳菌科研究Ⅲ.毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属的种

报道了毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属5个新记录种,同丝毛壳Chaetomium homopifatum．刺毛壳C.spinosum,变绿毛壳C.virescens,小孢梭孢壳Thielava microspora,栖士梭孢壳T.terricola。根据所采集的标本和菌种对这些种进行了描述和照像。干制培养物标本和菌种保藏在西北农林科技大学真菌标本室（HMUABO）。     

中国毛壳菌科研究III.毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属的种

报道了毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属5个新记录种,同丝毛壳Chaetomiumhomopilatum,刺毛壳C.spinosum,变绿毛壳C.virescens,小孢梭孢壳Thielaviamicrospora,栖土梭孢壳T.terricola。根据所采集的标本和菌种对这些种进行了描述和照像。干制培养物标本和菌种保藏在西北农林科技大学真菌标本室(HMUABO)。     

The production of toxic metabolites by Chaetomium spp. isolated from solis of permanent pasture.

One hundred and two isolates of Chaetomium spp. have been identified from 2563 soil samples collected from permanent pasture at Nappan, Nova Scotia. Chaetomium umbonatum was the Chaetomium species most commonly isolated. Fifty-six of the Chaetomium isolates were grown in the laboratory and the cultures examined for the production of toxic metabolites. The culture filtrates of 12, and extracts of mycelium of 18, of these isolates inhibited bacterial growth. Chetomin was detected in nine mycelium extracts and isolated from four of the mycelium extracts. Chaetoglobosins were isolated from three mycelium extracts.     

Distribution of sterigmatocystin in filamentous fungi

During the last 50y, the carcinogenic mycotoxin sterigmatocystin (ST) has been reported in several phylogenetically and phenotypically different genera: Aschersonia, Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Botryotrichum, Chaetomium, Emericella, Eurotium, Farrowia, Fusarium, Humicola, Moelleriella, Monocillium and Podospora. We have reexamined all available strains of the original producers, in addition to ex type and further strains of each species reported to produce ST and the biosynthetically derived aflatoxins. We also screened strains of all available species in Penicillium and Aspergillus for ST and aflatoxin. Six new ST producing fungi were discovered: Aspergillus asperescens, Aspergillus aureolatus, Aspergillus eburneocremeus, Aspergillus protuberus, Aspergillus tardus, and Penicillium inflatum and one new aflatoxin producer: Aspergillus togoensis (=Stilbothamnium togoense). ST was confirmed in 23 Emericella, four Aspergillus, five Chaetomium, one Botryotrichum and one Humicola species grown on a selection of secondary metabolite inducing media, and using multiple detection methods: HPLC-UV/Vis DAD, - HRMS and - MS/MS. The immediate precursor for aflatoxin, O-methylsterigmatocystin was found in Chaetomium cellulolyticum, Chaetomium longicolleum, Chaetomium malaysiense and Chaetomium virescens, but aflatoxin was not detected from any Chaetomium species. In all 55 species, representing more than 11 clades throughout the Pezizomycotina, can be reliably claimed to be ST producers and 13 of these can also produce aflatoxins. It is not known yet whether the ST/aflatoxin pathway has been developed independently 11 times, or is the result of partial horizontal gene transfer.     

A selective isolation technique for determining Chaetomium in soil

Summary It was shown that Chaetomium was isolated from four types of soil; Cinebar, Ephrata, Milville, and quartz sand, more frequently when using alcohol agar as the growth medium than it (Chaetomium) was isolated from these soils when using either Czepak's-Dox agar or peptone-dextrose agar plus rose bengal and streptomycin. This isolation method proved to be one which permits identification of the Chaetomium species without further culturing.This paper is based on work performed under United States Atomic Energy Commission Contract AT (45-1)-1830.     

山东海岸木生海洋真菌的研究I.(英文)

为调查中国黄海海域的丝状海洋真菌,从山东威海潮间带海滩收集了沉没木、附着木和沙埋木,并从其上分离到7种高等海洋真菌。Arenariomycestrifurcata,Corollosporamaritima,Alternariamaritima,Trichocladiumachrasporum为中国大陆新记录种,Chaetomiunglobosum,Tetraploaaristata,Torulasp.为中国大陆新生境报道。对每个种作了描述并对分类和形态进行了讨论。     

宁夏回族自治区六盘山国家级自然保护区发现毛冠鹿

2016年1月、8月和9月,在宁夏回族自治区固原市六盘山国家级自然保护区的两个林场(35°27′~35°38′N,106°12′~106°18′E,海拔2 202~2 221 m),利用红外相机拍摄到8张毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)的有效照片。资料记载,该物种主要分布在中国的亚热带地区和缅甸的东北部,此次在宁夏回族自治区首次发现,为该区哺乳动物分布的新纪录。     

宁夏兽类新纪录——小麂 (Muntiacus reevesi Ogilby, 1839)

During the camera-trapping survey at Wanghuannan, Erlonghe and Hongxia Forest Farms in the Liupan Mountain National Nature Reserve in Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 49 independent detections of Reeve’s muntjac, Muntiacus reevesi were captured by eight infrared-triggered camera-traps with 274 photographs and 12 video clips from July, 2017 to August, 2018. The Reeve’s muntjac is an endemic species of China and mainly distributed in south China, such as Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and Taiwan Provinces, and also distributed in Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces adjacent to Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. This species was for the first time recorded in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, so its distribution range has been expanded in China. This discovery has enriched the distribution information of Reeve’s muntjac. This discovery will also play an important role in the study of biodiversity and species integrity in the area of Liupan Mountain.     

甘肃仓鼠的分类地位

自1928年Allen发表采自甘肃卓尼的甘肃仓鼠(Cansumys canus)以来,对其分类地位的争论就没有停止,不同学者从形态学和生态学方面研究得出了不同的结论。为了确认Allen所命名的甘肃仓鼠的分类地位,本研究利用形态性状和遗传性状,比较研究了甘肃、宁夏标本(包括模式产地标本)与华北、东北大仓鼠标本共计169只。结果显示:甘肃、宁夏地区标本身体及头骨量度与大仓鼠指名亚种、东北亚种间大多无显著性差异;地理分布连续,其间无隔离,也无地理重叠;生态特征与华北、东北的大仓鼠相似;基于线粒体DNA D-loop区序列的遗传变异分析表明,甘肃、宁夏地区种群与大仓鼠东北亚种种群关系较大仓鼠东北亚种种群与指名亚种种群关系更近;单倍型演化关系显示,指名亚种种群和东北亚种种群分别独立地由甘肃种群单倍型衍生而来,并且三个种群单倍型之间的分歧较浅,没有形成种上的分歧程度。据此,甘肃、宁夏地区“甘肃仓鼠”应为大仓鼠甘肃亚种[Cricetulus triton canus(Allen),1928]。