广西清风藤属药用植物一新种

本文发表了清风藤属药用植物一新种, 即陇瑞清风藤 Sabia longruiensis X.X.Chen et D.R.Liang.     

广西清风藤属一新种

卵叶清风藤新种图1 Sabia ovalifolia S. Y. Liu, sp. nov. Fig. 1 Species affinis S. swinhoei Hemsl. ex Forb. et Hemsl. cui ramulis verticaliter villosis, foliisellipticis, ovato-ellipticis vel ovalibus, apice acuminatis vel caudato-acuminatis, cymis 2-7-floris,penduculis 7-15 mm longis, calycibus exms rubide puncticulatis, petalibus 3.5-5.5 mm longis,ovaris perfectis differt.     

广西轮环藤属一新种

<正> 缠绕木质藤本,枝条有纵条纹。枝条、叶柄、叶脉、花序轴、花萼外面、果序轴及果实均密被硬毛,长短混生,有时长毛脱落。叶纸质,三角状卵形,长3—12.6厘米,宽2.7-12厘米,先端通常具芒状短尖头,基部微心形至近截形,边全缘,有睫毛,上面深绿色,有光泽,下面灰绿色;通常有粗壮的掌状脉7,网脉两面明显;叶柄粗厚,长1.5—8厘米,微盾状着生。花序总状或圆锥状,由小聚伞花序组成,生于叶腋或老茎上;雄花:萼片4,分     

广西绞股蓝属药用植物一新种

扁果绞股蓝 新种 美七脉(壮语) Gynostemma compressum X. X. Chen et D. R. Liang, sp. nov. Species affinis G. guangxiensi X. X. Chen et D. R. Liang, quae foliis pedatis 5-foliolatis, foliolis obovatis vel ovaetooblongis, apice obtusis, fruetibus triquetro-globosis, seminibus oblongis, margine osulcatis differt. Herbae scandentes. Caulis gracilis, sulcatus, glaber. Cirrhi filiformes,     

广西绞股蓝属药用植物一新种

<正> 扁果绞股蓝 新种 美七脉(壮语) Gynostemma compressum X. X. Chen et D. R. Liang, sp. nov. Species affinis G. guangxiensi X. X. Chen et D. R. Liang, quae foliis pedatis 5-foliolatis, foliolis obovatis vel ovaetooblongis, apice obtusis, fruetibus triquetro-globosis, seminibus oblongis, margine osulcatis differt. Herbae scandentes. Caulis gracilis, sulcatus, glaber. Cirrhi filiformes,     

广西螺序草属药用植物一新种

<正> 矮小草本,通常莲座状;茎不分枝,下部生根;节间缩短,长3—4毫米。叶密集对生,叶片纸质,匙形或卵状倒披针形,长8—13厘米,宽2—4.5厘米,先端钝或圆形,基部狭楔形,下延,边全缘,有睫毛,干时上面榄绿色,疏被短柔毛,下面苍白色,沿中脉和侧脉密被柔毛;侧脉每边15—25条,和中脉均在下面突起;叶柄长5—8毫米;托叶披针状线形或线形,长7—9毫米,密被柔毛。聚伞花序顶生,有花10多朵;花序梗长7—12厘     

广西大花藤属一新种

<正> 草质缠绕藤本,茎中空,有条纹,无毛,叶柄间具一列小腺体,脱落。叶对生,膜质,三角状卵形,宽卵形或近圆卵形,长9—15.5厘米,宽6—11.5厘米,顶端骤锐尖,基部耳形,两耳叉开或相接,边缘全缘,上面散生下面脉上疏生微毛,后变无毛,中脉和侧脉上面平坦下面稍凸起,侧脉每边6—7条,弧曲上升近叶缘网结;叶柄长3—8.5厘米,被与叶片相同的毛,顶端具丛生的小腺体。聚伞花序伞形状或不规则总状,生于叶柄间;花序梗长2—7.5(—10.5)厘米;花梗长2—3厘米,基部具苞片,苞片披针形,长2     

广西唇柱苣苔属药用植物一新种

多年生小草本；根状茎伸长．圆柱形．粗0．8—1．5cm，分枝长4—11cm．密被贴伏短柔毛。叶6—12．密生于根状茎顶端，叶片干时厚纸质．卵形或卵状椭圆形，长2—5．5cm．宽1．3—3．5cm．顶端近圆形或钝形，基部楔形或近圆形．两侧稍不对称．边缘近全缘．两面密被伏贴白色柔毛．侧脉每侧3—4条．下面明显；叶柄长1—3．5cm．宽约3mm．密被白色柔毛．花葶1—5条．高4—7cm，聚伞花序有1—4朵花；连同苞片和花柄密被腺状柔毛；苞片2，对生，线状披针形，长3—4mm．宽约1．2mm。     

国产青藤属3种植物的考订

对国产青藤属3种植物作了补充和修订．报道短蕊青藤在广西和广东的新分布,大花青藤在四川的新分布;将小果青藤和柔毛青藤归入大花青藤,将绣毛青藤归入红花青藤。     

濒危植物香木莲的胚胎学研究

对香木莲（Manglietia aromatica）的大、小孢子发生以及雌、雄配子体发育过程进行了研究,并结合已有的资料归纳出木链属的胚胎学特征。香木链花药四囊型,腺质绒毡层有1-2层细胞,小孢子形成时胞质分裂方式为修饰性同时型,小孢子四分体排列方式为交叉型,有时为左右对型,成熟花粉粒为二细胞型。胚珠倒生,厚珠心,双珠被,大孢子四分体呈直线排列,功能大孢子位于合点端。胚囊发育属于蓼型。木莲属的胚胎学特征与木兰属、含笑属、鹅掌揪属等植物的胚胎学特征基本相同,都属于较原始的被子植物胚胎学类型。     

香木莲有性生殖特性与其濒危机制的研究

针对香木莲(Manglietia aromatica Dandy)结籽率低以及野外实生苗稀少的现象,本文研究了香木莲雌配子体发育过程、花粉萌发力、开花生物学特性与种子结构的观察.结果表明,在雌配子体发育阶段存在以下退化现象:1) 从大孢子母细胞开始减数分裂到功能大孢子形成阶段,在此过程中珠心内的功能结构发生退化,功能大孢子未能正常形成,仅残留有退化痕迹,退化率为27.9%;2) 胚囊成熟时,受精前卵器细胞发生退化,退化率为80%.花粉萌发实验结果表明,在人工培养条件下具有正常萌发能力的花粉不足0.01%.这些都是香木莲结籽率低的重要原因.同时,香木莲的开花生物学特性限制了传粉的顺利进行.调查和研究的结果显示,人为的砍伐是造成香木莲种群急剧减少的直接原因;有性生殖障碍和生境破坏是制约香木莲种群更新的最主要因素.由此提出了对香木莲的拯救和保护对策:就地保护;研究并推广繁育技术,进行种群重建;进行迁地保护,保存尽可能多的种质资源.     

广西种子植物资料

广西种子植物资料陈秀香,丘华兴（广西民族医药研究所,南宁５３０００１）（中国科学院华南植物研究所,广州５１０６５０）关键词圆叶青藤;膜叶白桐树;牛膝菊;齿叶猫尾树ＮＥＷＲＥＣＯＲＤＳＯＦＳＰＥＲＭＡＴＯＰＨＹＴＥＦＲＯＭＧＵＡＮＧＸＩ￥ＣｈｅｎＸｉｕ...     

香木莲有性生殖特性与其濒危机制的研究

针对香木莲（Manglietia aromatica Dandy)结籽率低以及野外实生苗稀少的现象。本文研究了香木莲雌配子体发育过程,花粉萌发力,开花生物学特性与种子结构的观察。结果表明,在雌配子体发育阶段存在以下退化现象：1）从大孢子母细胞开始减数分裂到功能大孢子形成阶段,在此过程中珠心内的功能结构发生退化,功能大孢子未能正常形成,仅残留有退化痕迹,退化率为27．9％;2）胚囊成熟时,受精前卵器细胞发生退化,退化率为80％,花粉萌发实验结果表明,在人工培养条件下具有正常萌发能力的花粉不足0．01％,这些都是香木莲结籽率低的重要原因,同时,香木莲的开花生物学特性限制了传粉的顺利进行。调查和研究的结果显示,人为的砍伐是造成香木莲种群急剧减少的直接原因;有性生殖障碍和生境破坏是制约香木莲种群更近的最主要因素,由此提出了对香木莲的拯救和保护对策,就地保护;研究并推广繁育技术,进行种群重建;进行迁地保护,保存尽可能多的种质资源。     

Estimation of the Outcrossing Rate on Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. in Primary and Secondary Forests in Brunei, Borneo, Southeast Asia

Abstract Dryobalanops aromatica is an emergent canopy tree species with hermaphroditic bee-pollinated flowers. This species is distributed in the lowland dipterocarp forests of Malaya, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago and Borneo. The flowering of many different dipterocarp species was observed in some parts of Brunei in 1991, and all over Brunei in 1992. The outcrossing rates of D, aromatica were estimated in 1991 and 1992 in the secondary forest, and in 1992 in the primary forest. Selective harvesting of D. aromatica has occurred in the secondary forest about 20 years ago. Four enzyme systems with a total of six isozyme loci were used to estimate the single locus and the multilocus outcrossing rates. The multilocus outcrossing estimates ranged from 0.794 to 0.856, with a mean of 0.816. These estimates are similar to those for other tropical tree species. Although the flowering density of D. aromatica in the secondary forest was lower than in the primary forest, the multilocus outcrossing estimates were not significantly different. The variation between years in the secondary forest was also not significant. These findings may be largely the result of the high flowering tree density of this species, even in the secondary forest. In this study, the outcrossing rates of D. aromatica were maintained by high flowering density regardless of the size structure or the topography of the habitat.     

Anatomy of two mechanisms of breaking physical dormancy by experimental treatments in seeds of two North American Rhus species (Anacardiaceae)

Anatomy of the endocarp was studied in relation to the physical dormancy-breaking mechanisms in experimentally treated Rhus aromatica var. aromatica and R. glabra germination units, which include seed plus endocarp (hereafter seeds). The endocarp has three distinct layers, with brachysclereids on the outside, osteosclereids in the middle, and macrosclereids on the inside. Brachysclereids in the carpellary micropyle region (i.e., region immediately adjacent to the integumentary micropyle) are shorter than those in other parts of the endocarp, and the macrosclereids in this region are not elongated. Thus, a weak point is formed in the endocarp. Concentrated sulfuric acid broke seed dormancy in R. aromatica by eroding the brachysclereids and osteosclereids in the carpellary micropyle region, whereas boiling water broke dormancy in seeds of R. glabra by inducing a blister adjacent to the carpellary micropyle.     

Curcumin inhibits TNFα-induced lectin-like oxidised LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression and suppresses the inflammatory response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by an antioxidant mechanism

In this study, the anti-oxidative activities of 70% ethanol extract from Curcuma aromatica Salisb. (CAS) and curcumin (CUR) were studied. The CAS extracts and CUR were both found to have a potent scavenging activity against the reactive species tested, as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), expression of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), lectin-like oxidised LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), adhesion molecules, inhibitory kappa Bα (IκBα) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) were measured. In HUVECs stimulated with TNFα, CUR significantly suppressed expression of the intracellular ROS, LOX-1 and adhesion molecules, degradation of IκBα and translocation of NFκB, while inducing production of NO by phosphorylation of eNOS (p <0.05). In conclusion, CAS and CUR may modulate lipoprotein composition and attenuate oxidative stress by elevated antioxidant processes.