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广西园林植物应用现状调查及分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着经济的发展和人们对环境美学要求的提高,园林植物的开发利用越来越受到重视。通过对广西主要大城市南宁、柳州、桂林等地区的园林植物进行实地调查,结果表明,广西区内常用园林植物有809种(包括变种、变型、栽培变种),隶属于150科450属,其中乡土植物315种,占常用园林植物的38.94%;外来物种494种,占常用园林植物的61.06%。其中,乔木283种,草本253种。在150个科中,棕榈科的植物种类最多,有43种,其次是木兰科,有33种。而柠檬桉、桂花、大王椰子等种类,因应用范围广、用量大而在广西园林中占有相当重要的地位。园林用途分类结果表明,用于城市道路绿化的植物有502种;用于公园、广场、街头绿地绿化的植物有494种,其中造景植物用了428种。 相似文献
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河南省水生种子植物的生物多样性及区系特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
论述了河南省水生种子植物的生物多样性及区系组成。结果表明,河南水生种子植物有30科、61属、125种、1亚种、9变种及2变型,其中以挺水植物为主,有75种、1亚种、5变种、2变型;浮水植物次之,有33种2变种;沉水植物较少,有17种2变种。河南省水生植物的区系成分中,以泛热带、北温带和旧世界热带3种成分为主,其次是东亚和东亚北美间断成分和旧世界温带成分,植物区系中热带成分和温带成分几乎并重。 相似文献
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该文报道了广西禾本科(Poaceae)植物二新记录属,即菵草属( Beckmannia Host)和草沙蚕属( Tripogon Roem. et Schult.)。菵草属有2种及1变种,分布较广,我国有1种1变种,广西首次记录到该属的菵草[ Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern.]。草沙蚕属约有30种,多分布于亚洲和非洲,我国有11种,广西首次记录到该属的线形草沙蚕( Tripogon filiformis Nees ex Steud.)。同时,还提供了2个新记录属、种的形态描述与照片。 相似文献
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广西两面针野生种质资源调查研究 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
采用实地调查和走访调查相结合的方法对两面针在广西的野生种质资源情况进行调查。结果表明:广西民间使用两面针药材的基源植物有18种(含变种)。正品两面针有2个变种,原变种和毛两面针,原变种下又分为3个类型。两面针的植物形态和群落特征与生长的地形地貌有一定的相关性,原变种类型一通常生于丘陵地区,原变种类型二、类型三和毛两面针通常生于石山地区,各变种和类型的形态特征主要区别在叶片质地和植株的被毛情况。两面针生长的群落结构乔木层构成通常比较单一,灌木层、草本层相对复杂。由于生境破坏和不合理采收,广西两面针分布面积正逐年减小,经调查后估算,总蕴藏量(干重)约为2600t,资源短缺十分明显。建议采取各种积极的办法保护两面针野生种质资源,保证两面针的可持续利用。 相似文献
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广西百合科植物分类及地理分布研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年在编写《广西植物志》过程中,对广西馆藏百合科植物标本进行了整理鉴定,并作了野外调查。在整理后发现,广西百合科植物不仅资源丰富,连栽培计有30属129种6变种(野生为26属115种、变种),而且还具有广西自身的地方特色,计有广西特有种28种,另有广西分布新记录16种,国家珍稀保护植物1种。它们中的绝大多数种类,已被用作医药和观赏。本文除报道这些新记录种和特有种外,还着重报道了其中5个种类较多、分类难度较大的属及其所含的种。此外,还报道了广西百合科植物的分属检索表及其在水平、垂直、不同土壤母质和特有分布方面的地理分布简况。 相似文献
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在本文中2种名和2变种名被作为异名;Boehmeria delavayiGagnep.被证实为雾水葛属植物,降级作为雅致雾水葛的变种;Pellioniatrichosantha Gagnep.的采自云南东北部的合模式乃是属于楼梯草属的植物;4种和2变种的地理分布扩大。 相似文献
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Julián Faivovich 《Cladistics : the international journal of the Willi Hennig Society》2002,18(4):367-393
The hylid frog genus Scinax ranges from southern Mexico to eastern Argentina. The 84 recognized species are currently arranged in five groups: the Scinax rubra , Scinax rostrata , Scinax catharinae , Scinax staufferi , and Scinax perpusilla species groups. Although a few species groups are distinctive, compelling evidence of monophyly is lacking for three groups, and their interrelationships remain virtually unknown. With the objective of testing the monophyly of the species groups and exploring their interrelationships, a cladistic analysis was performed, employing 86 characters from osteology, myology, adult and larval external morphology, reproductive biology, and karyotypes taken from 36 representative species of the five species groups plus eight outgroup taxa. The analysis of the resulting data matrix shows moderately well-supported (as assessed through Bremer support and parsimony jackknifing) S. catharinae and S. rostrata species groups. The S. staufferi species group is polyphyletic, as currently composed, given that some of its species are nested within the S. catharinae species group. The only representative of the S. perpusilla species group is the sister species of the S. catharinae species group. Although weakly supported, the representatives of the S. rostrata and S. staufferi species groups are nested, separately, within the S. rubra species group. In order to have a taxonomy consistent with these results, it is proposed not to recognize the S. rubra group but to recognize a more inclusive rubra clade that includes all studied exemplars of the former S. rubra group, plus some of the S. staufferi group and all of the S. rostrata group. Similarly, a catharinae clade is recognized, within which all studied exemplars of the S. catharina e group (that now includes Scinax berthae and Scinax agilis ) and the one studied representative of the S. perpusilla group are included. 相似文献
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Numerical taxonomy of Streptococcus 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
A numerical taxonomic study of strains of Streptococcus, together with representatives of allied genera, showed 28 reasonably distinct phenons. The major areas, with their phenons, were: (a) enterococcal species group (S. faecalis, S. faecium, 'S. avium' and a proposed new species 'S. gallinarum'); (b) paraviridans species group (S. bovis, S. equinus, S. salivarius, 'S. casseliflavus', S. mutans, S. raffinolactis and an unidentified Oral Group I); (c) lactic species group (S. lactis including S. cremoris); (d) thermophilic species group (S. thermophilus); (e) viridans species group (S. mitis, S. sanguis, a proposed new species 'S. oralis' and 'S. milleri'); (f) pyogenic species group (S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, S. equi, 'S. equisimilis' including 'S. zooepidemicus, and a cluster of Lancefield Group B strains of human origin); (g) parapyogenic species group (S. uberis, 'S. dysgalactiae', and a cluster of strains of Lancefield Groups R, S and T). Species of Aerococcus, Gemella, Leuconostoc and Pediococcus are very closely related to the streptococci. 相似文献
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Comparative morphology of the sagittal otolith in Serranus spp. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
V. M. Tuset† A. Lombarte‡ J. A. González J. F. Pertusa MJ. Lorente§ 《Journal of fish biology》2003,63(6):1491-1504
Variations in the morphology of saccular otoliths (sagittae) among three sympatric species of the genus Serranus ( S. atricauda , S. cabrilla and S. scriba ) from the Canary Islands were investigated. Although the otolith gross morphology was similar among species, S. scriba was distinct in having a rostrum which had a slight turning at the tip and a more funnel‐like ostium. The shallower water species ( S. scriba ) had otolith and sulcus areas which were smaller than the deeper water species ( S. cabrilla and S. atricauda ). The sulcus acusticus and ostium size were correlated with the habit depth of the species, with the highest values in the deepest species, S. cabrilla . The otolith outline shape indices changed with size (total length) of the species, and allowed the separation of the species by means of a discriminate function. 相似文献
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Clathrin (8 S) is known to polymerize into two varieties of basket structures (150 S or 300 S) under the normal buffer conditions [100 mM 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (Mes), pH 5.9-6.7] used for the isolation of coated vesicles. However, it is now observed that under very low salt conditions (2 mM Mes, pH 5.9), it forms a homogeneous species with a sedimentation coefficient of 27 S. Increasing the salt concentration to 50 mM Mes completely converts all the 27S species into 150S baskets. Sedimentation equilibrium data show that this 27S species has a molecular weight that is 6 times that of the clathrin protomer and is the result of highly cooperative reversible self-association of the 8S protomer. Light-scattering studies show that the stabilities of 27S species and baskets (150 S or 300 S) are comparable. Fluorescent labeling of sulfhydryl groups with N-(1-anilinonaphthalenyl)maleimide indicates that the conformation of clathrin in 27S species and baskets (150 S or 300 S) is similar. Trypsin digestion reveals that in the 27S species clathrin has a conformation differing from that in both the 8S species and baskets. 相似文献
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Species boundaries were assessed by phenetic analyses of morphological data for all species of wild potatoes (SOLANUM: section PETOTA:) assigned to ser. LONGIPEDICELLATA: S. fendleri, S. hjertingii, S. matehualae, S. papita, S. polytrichon, and S. stoloniferum. These six tetraploid species grow in the southeastern United States (S. fendleri) and Mexico (all six species). We also analyzed morphologically similar species in ser. DEMISSA: (S. demissum) and ser. TUBEROSA: (S. avilesii, S. gourlayi, S. verrucosum). We chose S. verrucosum and S. demissum as Mexican representatives, and S. avilesii and S. gourlayi as South American representatives of other series that are difficult to distinguish from ser. LONGIPEDICELLATA: We also analyzed morphologically more dissimilar species in ser. TUBEROSA: (S. berthaultii) and ser. YUNGASENSIA: (S. chacoense). The results support only three species in ser. LONGIPEDICELLATA: (1) S. polytrichon, (2) S. hjertingii + S. matehualae, (3) S. fendleri + S. papita + S. stoloniferum. Solanum avilesii, S. gourlayi, and to a lesser extent S. demissum and S. verrucosum are very similar to members of ser. LONGIPEDICELLATA: and are difficult to distinguish practically from them, despite differences in chromosome numbers and crossability relationships. These data help document and explain the extensive taxonomic difficulty in sect. Petota, highlight conflicts between biological and morphological species concepts, and add to a growing body of evidence that too many wild potato species are recognized. 相似文献
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The objectives of the present study were to broaden the survey of simuliid species in French Guiana and to cytologically analyze the species in the Simulium perflavum species group. Twelve species of Simulium were collected from which S. goeldii, S. quadrifidum, S. trombetense, S. near incrustatum, S. metallicum (s.l.) sp1, S. metallicum (s.l.) sp2 and S. ochraceum (s.l.) are reported for the first time for this region. The only species collected in the S. perflavum group was S. rorotaense; 34 larvae of this species were cytologically analyzed, all of which had the standard sequence. S. metallicum (s.l.), S. ochraceum (s.l.), S. guianense (s.l.) and S. oyapockense (s.l.) are involved with transmission of onchocerciasis in Central and South America, however, in French Guiana these species were not found biting humans during the sampling period. With the few collections made during this study, we increase the number of simulid species known in French Guiana from 6 to 13. It is clear that more simuliid species can be expected to be found when more sampling is done, including collections in other ecoregions in French Guiana. 相似文献
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Fishes of the tropical Indo-Pacific family Siganidae comprise 28 species, characterized by their body proportions and their colour patterns. A mitochondrial phylogeny of 20 Siganidae species was produced to infer their evolutionary history. Three distinct, major clades were found, that also correspond to the early radiation of the family into three major ecological types: fusiform species that also live in schools on the inshore reef flats (S. canaliculatus, S. fuscescens, S. luridus, S. rivulatus, S. spinus, S. sutor); deep-bodied species including brightly coloured ones whose adults live in pairs on the reef front (S. corallinus, S. doliatus, S. puellus, S. punctatus, S. unimaculatus, S. virgatus, S. vulpinus), and species that live in small schools in mangroves, estuaries and estuarine lakes (S. guttatus, S. javus, S. lineatus, S. randalli, S. vermiculatus); and a third clade including a cosmopolitan species, S. argenteus, the only species of the family known to possess a pelagic, prejuvenile stage and S. woodlandi, a recently described species from New Caledonia and morphologically close to S. argenteus. The partition of the genus into two sub-genera, Lo (erected for S. unimaculatus, S. vulpinus and three related species possessing a tubular snout) and Siganus (all the other species), had no phylogenetic rationale. The present results indicate that the tubular snout, which apparently results from ecological specialization, is a recent acquisition within the deep-body clade. The Western Indian Ocean endemic S. sutor appeared as the sister-species of the Red Sea endemic S. rivulatus within a well-supported subclade that also included S. canaliculatus and S. fuscescens. S. spinus did not appear as sister-species to S. luridus. S. lineatus haplotypes formed a paraphyletic group with S. guttatus, and an early isolation of Maldives S. lineatus was suggested. Unexpectedly, S. randalli did not appear as the sister-species of S. vermiculatus, but its haplotypes instead were embedded within the West Pacific S. lineatus haplogroup, suggesting recent introgression. Among currently-recognized sister-species with parapatric distribution, S. doliatus and S. virgatus haplotypes formed a single, unresolved haplogroup, as did S. unimaculatus and S. vulpinus. The occurrence of two distinct clades within S. fuscescens was confirmed. 相似文献
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Experimental taxonomy of Silene section Elisanthe (Caryophyllaceae): crossing experiments 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
HONOR C. PRENTICE 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1978,77(3):203-216
Silene section Elisanthe is a well-defined group containing (in Europe) the following species: S. alba, S. diclinis, S. dioica, S. heuffelii and S. marizii (dioecious perennials or biennials) and S. noctifloara (a self-compatible hermaphrodite annual). Crosses were attempted among these species, and between these species and members of other Silene sections.
Crosses among the first five species revealed partial cross-incompatibility with moderate hybrid fertility. S. alba proved especially incompatible with S. diclinis. S. noctiflora would not cross at all with other members of the section. It is suggested that S. noctiflora evolved from a dioecious precursor of S. alba , the species to which it is most similar in morphology, distribution and habitat; hybrid sterility, even without incompatibility, would have assured mutual isolation.
Crosses with species from other sections of Silene have usually either failed consistently or revealed high cross-incompatibility with hybrid sterility. Those crosses which were successful have all been within the boundaries of the old genus Melandrium , or with Lychnis species. 相似文献
Crosses among the first five species revealed partial cross-incompatibility with moderate hybrid fertility. S. alba proved especially incompatible with S. diclinis. S. noctiflora would not cross at all with other members of the section. It is suggested that S. noctiflora evolved from a dioecious precursor of S. alba , the species to which it is most similar in morphology, distribution and habitat; hybrid sterility, even without incompatibility, would have assured mutual isolation.
Crosses with species from other sections of Silene have usually either failed consistently or revealed high cross-incompatibility with hybrid sterility. Those crosses which were successful have all been within the boundaries of the old genus Melandrium , or with Lychnis species. 相似文献
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无瓣海桑、海桑、秋茄红树人工林群落动态及物种多样性研究 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
对红树植物无瓣海桑、海桑、秋茄3种人工林群落动态及物种多样性特征的系统研究结果表明,无瓣海桑群落和海桑群落的乔木层明显分为上层和中层两个亚层,上层木为无瓣海桑或海桑,中层木主要为秋茄和桐花树;秋茄群落的乔木层为单一层次,基本由秋茄组成.在无瓣海桑群落和海桑群落中,优势种群无瓣海桑或海桑仅有高龄级个体存在,未出现自然更新现象;秋茄和桐花树为旺盛增长种群,有可能成为优势种群,表明无瓣海桑和海桑为先锋造林树种,在裸滩种植可以促进其它红树植物的天然定居生长;在秋茄群落中,秋茄为旺盛增长种群,能够自然:更新演替,桐花树和海莲属初生增长种群.无瓣海桑群落和海桑群落的物种组成和物种多样性指标较接近,基本包含秋茄群落中的主要物种秋茄、桐花和海莲。表明无瓣海桑和海桑能与这些物种协调共生,同时种植无瓣海桑或海桑可以形成多样化的红树林群落;无瓣海桑群落和海桑群落在形成初期,种植密度较大时,物种多样性较高;密度相近时。形成初期随林龄的增加。其物种多样性略有提高. 相似文献