累积番茄红素的大肠杆菌工程菌及其培养条件的研究

噬夏孢欧文氏菌番茄红素合成相关基因crtE, crtB, crtI同时克隆进表达载体pET-15b构建pET-15bcrtIEB,将该重组质粒转化E.coliBL21(DE3)构建工程菌,IPTG诱导工程菌累积红色色素,经HPLC和吸收光谱分析,工程菌中合成的色素为番茄红素。研究了碳源、金属离子、培养温度、诱导剂浓度、诱导时间等参数对工程菌生长及色素累积的影响,确定了合适的培养条件：培养基为改良LB培养基（蛋白胨10g/L、酵母提取物5g/L、麦芽糖5g/L、MgCl2 0.1g/L,NaCl 10g/L）;起始培养温度为37℃;培养至OD600为0.6左右时加入IPTG,终浓度为0.5mmol/L,诱导温度降至30℃;诱导时间为14h。发酵完成后工程菌的生物量（干重）为3.45g/L,番茄红素的最高含量可达5.8mg/gDW。     

重组大肠杆菌产尿素酶B高密度发酵条件的优化

探究重组大肠杆菌产尿素酶B（urease B subunit, UreB）的高密度发酵条件。通过实验室摇瓶和30 L发酵罐对UreB基因工程菌的发酵条件进行优化。结果表明：30 L发酵罐中以TB培养基为发酵培养基,接种量为5%,发酵温度为37 ℃,pH为6.8,溶氧量为30%左右,培养至2 h开始恒速流加50%甘油,4 h流加50%酵母提取物和50%胰蛋白胨,并加入终浓度为0.5 mmol/L的异丙基β-D-硫代半乳糖苷（isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside,IPTG),诱导表达4 h,结束发酵,所得菌体干物质约为25.7 g/L,UreB表达量为31.4%。此工艺可以提高UreB的产量。     

MntH与含锰过氧化氢酶共表达基因工程菌的构建与发酵优化

构建Mn2+转运蛋白MntH与来源于Thermus thermophilus HB27的含锰过氧化氢酶的共表达基因工程菌,并进行了发酵培养基及培养环境条件的优化,确定培养基中最佳的碳氮源种类及其浓度分别为:甘油7.0 g/L,酵母粉3.75 g/L和蛋白胨11.25 g/L;当培养基中的Mn2+浓度为1 mmol/L时,最佳的IPTG诱导浓度为0.05 mmol/L。此外,最佳的培养基初始p H值及培养温度分别为:p H 8.0和37℃,在最优发酵条件下工程菌摇瓶发酵培养24 h,过氧化氢酶活最高可达476 U/m L是未优化前3倍。在5 L发酵罐的验证实验中,过氧化氢酶的酶活进一步提高至1 094 U/m L。     

生物转化合成苯乳酸工程菌的培养条件优化

本研究旨在优化重组大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) harboring pRSF-aad-ldh10-fdh菌株的培养条件,获得高密的供生物转化苯丙氨酸为苯乳酸的细胞。实验考察了摇瓶发酵培养基碳源、氮源种类和浓度,3 L发酵罐中转速和通气量及恒速补料、DO-stat和pH-stat等不同分批补料策略对菌体密度的影响。结果表明,当碳源为4 g/L葡萄糖,氮源为24 g/L安琪酵母浸粉FM802,细胞干重最大可达9.24 g/L;当转速为400 r/min和通气量为1.5 vvm时,细胞干重最大可达10.18 g/L;以4 g/(L·h)恒速流加葡萄糖时,细胞干重最大可达13.71 g/L。本研究还对工程菌酶表达的诱导条件进行了优化,菌体培养2 h后,添加终浓度为0.08 mmol/L IPTG诱导剂,在25℃下诱导培养14 h所得细胞有利于生物转化。底物苯丙氨酸浓度为60 g/L,转化为苯丙酮酸的转化率为50.2%,转化为苯乳酸的转化率为35.2%。     

FGF21(L~(59)R)突变体基因工程菌发酵表达条件的优化

本研究对影响FGF21(L~(59)R)突变体基因工程菌发酵条件的因素进行了优化。采用正交试验确定FGF21(L~(59)R)突变体基因工程菌的最佳LB培养基配方,利用SDS-PAGE电泳检测不同发酵条件对FGF21(L~(59)R)突变体蛋白表达情况。LB培养基最佳配比(g/L):蛋白胨11,酵母粉6,氯化钠10,葡萄糖1;在此基础上优化基因工程菌发酵条件,确定LB培养基p H 6.5~7.2,装液量(溶解氧)20%,菌体密度(A_(600))1.0,IPTG浓度0.6 mmol/L,37℃条件下诱导5 h,突变体蛋白的表达量由优化前的12%提高至35%。结果表明,培养基配方、p H、装液量(溶解氧)、菌体密度(A_(600))、IPTG浓度、温度、诱导时间均对FGF21(L~(59)R)突变体基因工程菌表达量有影响。     

抗肿瘤工程菌Escherichia coliNissle 1917发酵培养基优化及微胶囊制备

为了获得高活力抗肿瘤工程菌Escherichia coli Nissle 1917(EcNA)微胶囊制剂,对EcNA进行发酵培养基优化和微胶囊制剂的制备。首先利用单因素试验考察甘油、酵母提取物、蛋白胨及玉米浆对EcNA菌体浓度的影响,在以Box-Behnken设计试验的基础上,分别建立响应面模型和BP人工神经网络结合遗传算法模型优化发酵培养基组分,最后采用挤压法以海藻酸钠和壳聚糖为复合壁材,将EcNA包埋在微胶囊中。结果显示,最佳优化配方为甘油7 g/L,蛋白胨28.75 g/L,酵母提取物86.25 g/L,玉米浆10 g/L,K_2HPO_4 16.43g/L,KH_2PO_4 2.3 g/L,发酵液菌体浓度OD_(600)达到12.92,与未优化相比提高了3.86倍。通过正交试验得到最佳制备条件:海藻酸钠0.035 g/mL,壳聚糖0.004 g/mL,壁芯比2:2,氯化钙0.05 g/mL。结果表明,BP人工神经网络结合遗传算法在培养基优化中具有显著的优越性,制成的EcNA微胶囊有良好的耐酸性和肠溶性。     

乳糖诱导的重组人血管内皮抑素(rhEndostatin)蛋白的表达

研究用乳糖替代IPTG作为诱导剂进行重组蛋白的表达,观察乳糖对乳糖操纵子调控的基因工程菌发酵及重组血管内皮抑素表达的影响,从而选取最佳诱导表达条件。以重组人血管内皮抑素表达工程菌pETrhEN/BL21(DE3)作为研究对象,分别用IPTG和乳糖作为诱导剂,在摇瓶中进行表达实验。并对重组蛋白质表达量进行分析。然后在5 L发酵罐中进行验证。在摇瓶培养条件下,乳糖浓度大于0.5 g/L即可以诱导目的蛋白的表达。乳糖浓度1 g/L时诱导目的蛋白表达量与1 mmol/L的IPTG相当,当乳糖浓度为10 g/L,目的蛋白表达量达到最大。在发酵罐培养条件下,补料4 h后葡萄糖浓度基本耗尽,此时开始加入乳糖。诱导后1 h,即有重组蛋白表达,在诱导后4 h达到高峰(占菌体可溶性蛋白的56%),与此同时,诱导后5 h菌体浓度也达到最高值。在以乳糖操纵子为调控手段的工程菌表达系统中,可以使用乳糖作为诱导剂,诱导应在葡萄糖消耗完后进行。     

X.ampelina TS206发酵制备冰核活性蛋白的研究

优化XanthomonasampelinaTS2 0 6的发酵制备条件可以提高冰核活性和生物量。通过摇瓶培养对该菌进行培养基成分和温度的筛选。实验结果表明 :( 1 )鱼蛋白胨和乳糖的浓度对冰核活性的提高产生显著影响程度 ,玉米浆影响程度较小 ;( 2 )生物量影响程度大小的顺序依次为鱼蛋白胨 >乳糖 >甘油 >玉米浆。优化的发酵培养基配方为 :酵母粉 1 0g L、大豆蛋白胨 1 0g L、硫酸镁 0 .5g L、蔗糖 2 0g L、鱼蛋白胨 1 5g L、乳糖 1g L、甘油 2 0g L、玉米浆 1 0g L ,pH 7.0。其较优的发酵温度为 1 8℃ ,发酵时间为4 8h ,能获得较高的冰核活性和生物量。     

GST-SUMO-MT融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的自诱导表达

旨在考察在大肠杆菌中自诱导表达GST-SUMO-MT融合蛋白的可行性,并对自诱导培养条件及培养基成分进行优化,以提高蛋白产量。采用摇瓶培养,利用单因素和正交实验对工程菌自诱导的培养条件(诱导时间、诱导温度)和培养基组分(蛋白胨、酵母粉、甘油、葡萄糖、乳糖)进行优化,检测菌体浓度、可溶性目的蛋白的表达量。结果表明,自诱导培养基碳氮源的最优配比为:2%蛋白胨、2%酵母粉、0.3%甘油、0.05%葡萄糖和0.3%乳糖。重组菌自诱导表达最优发酵条件为:采用两阶段温度控制,37℃培养3 h,25℃继续培养13 h。此时可溶性目的蛋白的表达量和菌体浓度分别为LB培养基(IPTG诱导)的2.2倍和2.3倍。     

重组大肠杆菌Bgl2238的发酵优化

本研究对前期实验室从黑龙江玉米土壤中筛选并构建的β-葡萄糖苷酶Bgl2238的重组大肠杆菌(E.coliBL21(DE3)-pET32a-bgl2238)采用响应面(Box-Behnken)优化的方法进行摇瓶发酵,优化培养基组分,而培养条件即温度、pH值、接种量及装液量则采用单因素法优化。结果显示最佳培养基配比为:甘油9.32g/L、酵母提取粉12g/L、胰蛋白胨19.13g/L、NaCl8g/L、K_2HPO_4·3H_2O 19.13g/L、KH_2PO_42g/L、柠檬酸高铁胺0.2g/L和微量元素母液6mL/L。重组大肠杆菌Bgl2238最佳的发酵条件为:发酵温度37℃、起始pH8.0、3%接种量、25mL装液量、IPTG终浓度为0.25mmol/L。在250mL锥形瓶对重组子Bgl2238进行发酵,在最优化的发酵培养基成分和培养条件下,Bgl2238的酶活力可以达到2910U/L,比起始培养基中的酶活提高了61.77%。     

表达重组葡激酶-水蛭素融合蛋白的大肠杆菌工程菌的高密度培养

采用溶氧反馈的分批培养流加补料的方法高密度培养重组大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)生产重组葡激酶-水蛭素融合蛋白。通过摇瓶培养对菌种和培养条件的初步筛选,采用溶氧反馈的流加补料策略,进行了5L发酵罐的合成培养基和复合培养基的发酵工艺的研究。通过对培养条件的不断优化,重组葡激酶-水蛭素融合蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)里得到了高效表达,菌体密度最终达到115g/L(WCW)以上,可溶性重组融合蛋白占菌体总蛋白的30%以上,含量约为1.1~1.2g/L。5L发酵罐的发酵工艺参数在40L发酵罐中进行了放大培养,结果表明该工艺能有效的放大,可适用于工业生产。     

Unsterile and continuous production of polyhydroxybutyrate by Halomonas TD01

An unsterile and continuous fermentation process was developed based on a halophilic bacterium termed Halomonas TD01 isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang, China. The strain reached 80 g/L cell dry weight containing 80% poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) on glucose salt medium during a 56 h fed-batch process. In a 14-day open unsterile and continuous process, the cells grew to an average of 40 g/L cell dry weight containing 60% PHB in the first fermentor with glucose salt medium. Continuous pumping of cultures from the first fermentor to the second fermentor containing the nitrogen-deficient glucose salt medium diluted the cells but allowed them to maintain a PHB level of between 65% and 70% of cell dry weight. Glucose to PHB conversions were between 20% and 30% in the first fermentor and above 50% in the second one. This unsterile and continuous fermentation process opens a new area for reducing the cost in polyhydroxyalkanoates production.     

鸟苷发酵的优化研究

以鸟苷产生菌_{Bacillussubtilis}AJ2 0 66为生产菌株 ,采用 5 0L自控发酵罐与摇瓶培养相结合的联动优化方法对鸟苷发酵进行了研究。谷氨酸钠对鸟苷发酵比较重要 ,培养基中加入 1 %的谷氨酸钠可使 5 0L罐最终产苷达 31 49g/L。次黄嘌呤 (Hx)作为前体可以直接用于鸟苷合成 ,发酵后期加入 0 2 %的Hx,可使 5 0L罐最终产苷达 33 2 4g/L。     

人三叶因子3在毕赤酵母中表达条件的研究

为提高人三叶因子 3 (HumanTrefoilfactor 3 ,hTFF3 )在毕赤酵母中的表达量 ,研究了转化子生长的培养条件 ,包括不同碳源对转化子生长的影响和接种量、甲醇浓度、pH值、摇瓶转速及不同诱导时间对人三叶因子 3表达的影响。结果表明转化子在生长阶段加入葡萄糖生长旺盛 ,培养 14h后OD₆₀₀ 就可达到 50。在 100mL生长培养基上的菌液以 1∶1接入诱导培养基时蛋白表达量最高 ;转化子在 1%的甲醇、pH60、摇瓶转速240r/min的条件下诱导4 8h ,菌体密度OD₆₀₀为 15 ,目的蛋白表达量达到 20mg L。用 5L发酵罐进行了高密度发酵 ,经2%甲醇32h诱导 ,最终菌体密度OD₆₀₀ 达到 120 ,每升发酵液中含目的蛋白100mg。     

E.coli HB101(pBV-IL-6)的流加分批培养及其产物纯化

E.coli HB101(pBV-IL-6)工程菌株的表达产物为N端缺失25个氨基酸残基的IL-6衍生物。通过摇瓶试验选定了培养基配方及pH值的控制范围,在5L发酵罐的半连续培养中确定了培养和诱导时间。在此基础上放大到30L发酵罐进行培养,结果表明,菌密度达到5.15g/L(干重),rIL-6衍生物占菌体总蛋白的34.8％。表达产物经过纯化和复性,纯度达95％以上(SDS-PAGE分析),采用依赖IL-6的小鼠杂交瘤细胞株7TD-1和~3H-TdR掺入法测定生物活性,rIL-6衍生物比活性为7.71×10~6U/mg。     

Inhibitory effect of carbon dioxide on the fed-batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha: evaluation by CO2 pulse injection and autogenous CO2 methods

In order to see the effect of CO(2) inhibition resulting from the use of pure oxygen, we carried out a comparative fed-batch culture study of polyhydroxybutyric acid (PHB) production by Ralstonia eutropha using air and pure oxygen in 5-L, 30-L, and 300-L fermentors. The final PHB concentrations obtained with pure O(2) were 138.7 g/L in the 5-L fermentor and 131.3 g/L in the 30-L fermentor, which increased 2.9 and 6.2 times, respectively, as compared to those obtained with air. In the 300-L fermentor, the fed-batch culture with air yielded only 8.4 g/L PHB. However, the maximal CO(2) concentrations in the 5-L fermentor increased significantly from 4.1% (air) to 15.0% (pure O(2)), while it was only 1.6% in the 30-L fermentor with air, but reached 14.2% in the case of pure O(2). We used two different experimental methods for evaluating CO(2) inhibition: CO(2) pulse injection and autogenous CO(2) methods. A 10 or 22% (v/v) CO(2) pulse with a duration of 3 or 6 h was introduced in a pure-oxygen culture of R. eutropha to investigate how CO(2) affects the synthesis of biomass and PHB. CO(2) inhibited the cell growth and PHB synthesis significantly. The inhibitory effect became stronger with the increase of the CO(2) concentration and pulse duration. The new proposed autogenous CO(2) method makes it possible to place microbial cells under different CO(2) level environments by varying the gas flow rate. Introduction of O(2) gas at a low flow rate of 0.42 vvm resulted in an increase of CO(2) concentration to 30.2% in the exit gas. The final PHB of 97.2 g/L was obtained, which corresponded to 70% of the PHB production at 1.0 vvm O(2) flow rate. This new method measures the inhibitory effect of CO(2) produced autogenously by cells through the entire fermentation process and can avoid the overestimation of CO(2) inhibition without introducing artificial CO(2) into the fermentor.     

Batch and fed-batch cultivation for excretive production of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) with recombinant E. Coli K12 system

Batch and fed-batch production of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) was studied in an E. coli secretary expression system. By using MMBL medium containing 5 g/L glucose, controlling the temperature at 32 degrees C and maintaining the dissolved oxgen level over 20% saturation, a high yield of hEGF (32 mg/L) was obtained after an 18 hr batch cultivation with 0.2 mM IPTG induction at mid-log phase. Three different glucose feeding strategies were employed to further improve hEGF productivity in a bench top fermentor. Compared with the batch results, hEGF yield was improved up to 25.5% or 28.1%, respectively by intermittent or pH-stat glucose feeding, and up to 150% improvement of hEGF production was achieved by constant feeding of 200 g/L glucose solution at a rate of 0.11 mL/min. The effects of further combined feeding with other medium components and inducer on hEGF yield were also examined in the benchtop fermentor. This work is very helpful to further improve the productivity of extracellular hEGF in the recombinant E. coli system.     

The effect of carbon dioxide on the production of an extracellular nuclease of Staphylococcus aureus

The production of the extracellular nuclease secreted by Staphylococcus aureus (Foggi strain) was studied in a fermentor in an attempt to improve yield and allow large-scale production of the enzyme. In shake flask cultures, 600 units/mL of the enzyme were produced routinely. However, only 450 units/mL of the enzyme at best were obtained in a small-scale fermentor (3 L). The supplementation of the air supply to the fermentor with carbon dioxide [20% (v/v)] increased levels of enzyme in the culture medium to 770 units/mL. Subsequently, this result was reproduced in larger fermentors (10 and 150 L). The possible mechanisms of the effect of carbon dioxide upon the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (Foggi) and the production of the enzyme are discussed.     

重组毕赤酵母表达瑞替普酶(Reteplase)过程中的降解控制

在利用重组毕赤酵母表达瑞替普酶(Reteplase)时,遇到了较为严重的蛋白降解。为了抑制Reteplase的降解,分别研究了pH和氨基酸、蛋白胨等添加物对降解的影响。结果表明,摇瓶培养时用氨水调节pH,并将pH恒定在6.5能有效地抑制降解,这一结果在5L罐上也得到了验证,表达量提高到487mg/L。添加0.1%的Leu或Ala和将蛋白胨用量增加至6%时,Reteplase的降解也能得到有效的控制。     

CHO细胞表达抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体工艺优化

抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体(VEGF-MA)能够抑制肿瘤生长,具有良好的市场前景。本研究利用一株重组中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(Chinese hamster ovary cell,CHO)细胞株表达VEGF-MA。首先对培养基种类进行优化,筛选最优的基础培养基、补料培养基和外源添加物。研究结果表明:最有利于重组CHO细胞株表达VEGF-MA的基础培养基、补料培养基和外源添加物分别为ActiCHO P Powder CD、CD Efficient Feed C AG和Sheff-CHO Plus PF ACF。利用这一培养基配比在摇瓶和3 L发酵罐中培养重组CHO细胞,VEGF-MA产量均可达到3.20 g/L。在3 L发酵罐中进一步优化培养条件,结果表明:最优的接种密度、pH、溶解氧浓度、前期培养温度和后期培养温度分别为1.0×10^6个/mL、7.10、40%、36.5℃和34℃,此时的VEGF-MA产量能够达到4.10 g/L。VEGF-MA质量指标均处于标准范围内:电荷异质性、糖基化水平和蛋白纯度分别为26.1%、59.1%和95.1%。