类胰岛素生长因子-1的C结构域不影响胰岛素二硫键的热力学稳定性

胰岛素和类胰岛素生长因子-1(IGF-1)都属于胰岛素超家族,两者不但一级、三级结构有较高的同源性,而且生理功能也有少量交叉.然而两者的折叠行为却有很大的差别：胰岛素及其重组前体(PIP)只折叠成一种热力学稳定的二硫键配对,而IGF-1却折叠成两种热力学稳定的二硫键异构体.为了了解两者折叠行为差异的分子机制,制备了由胰岛素的A,B链和IGF-1的C结构域构成的单链杂交分子——[B10Glu]Ins/IGF-1(C),研究了该杂交分子二硫键的热力学稳定性以及它在含有少量巯基试剂的变性剂中的解折叠程度,同时还纯化了该杂交分子一种主要的非天然二硫键异构体,并研究了它的再折叠情况. 观察到IGF-1中C结构域的引入并未改变胰岛素分子的折叠热力学,但是影响了折叠的动力学过程.     

胰岛素样生长因子-1 受体(IGF-IR)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其 临床意义初探

目的:检测分析胰岛素样生长因子-1受体(IGF-IR)在乳腺癌组织中的表达状况及其临床意义。方法:应用半运用半定量RT-PCR方法分析84例乳腺癌和癌旁正常乳腺组织中IGF-1R基因mRNA的表达水平,并分析其表达与患者临床病理特征及预后之间的关系。结果:乳腺癌组织中IGF-1R基因mRNA表达水平显著高于癌旁乳腺组织,二者具有统计学差别(P<0.001)。乳腺癌组织中IGF-1R基因mRNA表达水平与肿瘤组织分化程度及乳腺癌患者的TNM分期和淋巴结转移情况显著相关(P值分别是0.005,0.025和0.041)。另外,高表达IGF-1R的乳腺癌患者的五年总体生存率(38.3%)显著高于低表达IGF-1R的患者(49.7%;P=0.009)。多因素COX模型分析结果表明:IGF-1R基因mRNA表达水平是乳腺癌患者的一个独立预后分子(HR=2.78,95%CI:1.94-3.94,P=0.041)。结论:IGF-1R基因表达水平上调在乳腺癌发展过程中起着重要的作用。IGF-1R基因mRNA表达水平有望成为临床乳腺癌患者预后判断的一个重要分子标志物。     

IGF-1及IGF-1R在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)及胰岛素样生长因子1受体(insulin-like growth factor-1receptor,IGF-1R)在胃癌及癌旁胃黏膜组织中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组化MaxVision两步法检测80例胃癌和50例癌旁胃黏膜组织中IGF-1及IGF-1R蛋白的表达,并分析两者与胃癌患者临床病理指标间的关系及其相关性。结果 IGF-1及IGF-1R蛋白在胃癌组织中表达阳性率分别为71.25%和75.00%,在癌旁胃黏膜组织中表达阳性率分别为30.00%和24.00%,差异有统计学意义(Z=-4.942,P0.001;Z=-5.688,P0.001)。IGF-1及IGF-1R蛋白的表达与胃癌的组织分化程度、有无淋巴结转移、浸润深度及临床分期相关(Z=-2.067、-2.837,P0.05;Z=-4.117、-3.579,P0.05;Z=-2.885、-2.836,P0.05;Z=-3.286、-3.313,P0.05)。相关性分析显示两者表达呈正相关。结论 IGF-1和IGF-1R蛋白在胃癌组织中呈高表达,两者可能在胃癌的发生、发展过程中具有协同及相互调节的作用。IGF-1和IGF-1R蛋白可能成为胃癌早期诊断、评估胃癌患者预后的重要指标。     

青海湖裸鲤类胰岛素生长因子IGF-Ⅱ的原核表达

青海湖裸鲤(Gymnocypris przewalskii)俗称湟鱼,属鲤科裂腹鱼亚科裸鲤属,是我国最大内陆咸水湖青海湖中唯一的经济鱼类,其生长极其缓慢,平均每生长到500g需要近10年[1]。青海湖裸鲤具有明显的生殖洄游,每年     

草鱼胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

 为构建草鱼 (Ctenopharyngodonidellus )胰岛素样生长因子 Ⅰ (IGF Ⅰ )大肠杆菌表达质粒 ,对已克隆到的草鱼IGF Ⅰ基因进行改造 .改造后的基因去除了原cDNA的信号肽和E区序列 ,并在基因的两端分别加入起始密码子和终止密码子 .将改造后的编码草鱼IGF Ⅰ成熟肽基因亚克隆到pBV 2 2 0中 ,构建成表达质粒pBVgIGF7.转化大肠杆菌 (Escherichiacoli)进行表达 .SDS PAGE显示 ,含重组表达质粒的菌株经热诱导后表达出一约 7 5kD的特异蛋白 .表达量占菌体总蛋白的2 0 0 3% ,表达产物主要以包涵体形式存在 .重组蛋白经纯化和复性后 ,采用MTT法测定其对草鱼吻端成纤维细胞PSF和草鱼卵巢细胞CO的促增殖作用 .结果表明 ,所获得的重组草鱼IGF Ⅰ具有生物活性     

胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)mRNA同源模板竞争性PCR定量方法的建立

胰岛素样生长因子 1(IGF 1)是一种多功能的细胞增殖调控因子 ,其表达水平受多种因素的影响 ,为了研究IGF 1基因在转录水平上的调控机制 ,建立了定量测定IGF 1mRNA的竞争性PCR方法 .同时 ,也建立了一种简便的制备同源性竞争模板的方法 .以构建好的重组pUC IGF 1质粒为基础 ,利用IGF 1mRNA序列上唯一存在 ,但是在pUC18质粒上多拷贝的MspⅠ酶切位点 ,以该限制性内切酶处理重组pUC IGF 1质粒 .在T4DNA连接酶作用下对酶切产物进行随机连接 ,以连接产物作为模板 ,用可扩增IGF 1cDNA的引物进行PCR ,由此得到因含有随机插入序列而与原IGF 1cDNA产生明显长度差别的重组IGF 1.以不同浓度的该DNA片段作为同源竞争模板与大鼠肝组织cDNA在同一反应体系中进行PCR ,对PCR产物进行分析 ,计算出样本中IGF 1cDNA的初始浓度 .成功地建立了IGF 1mRNA的竞争性PCR定量检测方法 ,为研究IGF 1基因的表达调控奠定了基础 ,同时也为对已克隆的基因进行mRNA定量测定提供了一种简便和灵敏的手段     

胰岛素样生长因子-1与代谢性疾病及运动干预的研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)是分子结构与胰岛素类似的多肽类物质.IGF-1在组织生长发育、细胞代谢、增殖、分化和凋亡中发挥关键作用.IGF-1主要由肝脏分泌,其分泌量占总体的75％,剩余25％由骨骼肌、心、肾和脾等器官分泌.IGF-1可靶向心脏、血管、肝...     

重组类胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ的纯化与复性

目的 获得高纯度和高活性的胰岛素样生长因子（Insulin-like growth factor, IGF-1）;方法 构建好的BL21大肠杆菌工程菌经IPTG诱导,以融合一段截短型半乳糖苷酶及His-tag形式表达IGF-1融合蛋白(约15,000Da),超声破碎,提取包涵体经镍柱亲和层析后, 用羟氨切割纯化的融合蛋白,纯化后的蛋白质在小分子保护剂及GSH/GSSG的存在下复性。结果 经Ni2＋柱亲和层析, IGF-1纯度达90％以上,复性后得到有较高生物活性的IGF-1。结论 IGF-1发酵及纯化和复性方法的建立为大量生产IGF-1打下了基础。     

新生儿窒息与血管内皮生长因子和胰岛素样生长因子-1的关系

目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)在窒息新生儿脐血水平变化的临床意义.方法:采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)及放射免疫分析法(RIA)测定正常新生儿(67例,对照组)和窒息新生儿(50例,窒息组)脐血血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)的水平.结果:新生儿窒息时脐血VEGF比正常脐血对照组显著升高(t=-9.944,p<0.01),IGF-1比正常脐血对照组显著下降(t=-15.943,p<0.01).结论:窒息新生儿VEGF水平的上升与IGF-1水平的下降,提示两者均可能参与新生儿窒息的病理生理过程,同时检测新生儿脐血VEGF与IGF-1可望成为反映新生儿窒息程度的一个敏感和特异的指标.     

鱼类胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)系统的研究进展

鱼类胰岛素样生长因子(insulin—like growth factors,IGFs)是进化上相当保守的多肽,能促进组织细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡,对鱼类的生长和发育有重要的调节作用。IGF系统包括IGF—Ⅰ、IGF-Ⅱ、IGF—ⅠR、IGF-ⅡR和IGFBP家族。本文从IGF家族成员的分子结构、生理功能和表达调节等方面综述了有关鱼类IGF体系的研究进展。     

Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Stabilizes Nascent Blood Vessels

Here we report that VEGF-A and IGF-1 differ in their ability to stabilize newly formed blood vessels and endothelial cell tubes. Although VEGF-A failed to support an enduring vascular response, IGF-1 stabilized neovessels generated from primary endothelial cells derived from various vascular beds and mouse retinal explants. In these experimental systems, destabilization/regression was driven by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Because previous studies have established that Erk antagonizes LPA-mediated regression, we considered whether Erk was an essential component of IGF-dependent stabilization. Indeed, IGF-1 lost its ability to stabilize neovessels when the Erk pathway was inhibited pharmacologically. Furthermore, stabilization was associated with prolonged Erk activity. In the presence of IGF-1, Erk activity persisted longer than in the presence of VEGF or LPA alone. These studies reveal that VEGF and IGF-1 can have distinct inputs in the angiogenic process. In contrast to VEGF, IGF-1 stabilizes neovessels, which is dependent on Erk activity and associated with prolonged activation.     

Selective Disruption of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Signaling via Phosphoinositide-dependent Kinase-1 Prevents the Protective Effect of IGF-1 on Human Cancer Cell Death

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling system exerts a broad antiapoptotic function and plays a crucial role in resistance to anticancer therapies. Exposure of MCF-7 breast cancer cells to IGF-1 rapidly and transiently induced tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1). This was paralleled by Akt/protein kinase B and protein kinase C-ζ phosphorylation, at Thr³⁰⁸ and Thr⁴¹⁰, respectively. IGF-1 treatment also enhanced PDK1 interaction with IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in intact MCF-7 cells. Pulldown assays revealed that PDK1 bound IGF-1R in vitro and that the region encompassing amino acids 51–359 of PDK1 was necessary for the interaction. Synthetic peptides corresponding to IGF-1R C terminus amino acids 1295–1337 (C43) and to PDK1 amino acids 114–141 reduced in vitro IGF-1R/PDK1 interaction in a concentration-dependent manner. Loading of fluoresceinated-C43 (fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-C43) into MCF-7 cells significantly reduced IGF-1R/PDK1 interaction and phosphorylation of PDK1 substrates. Moreover, FITC-C43 intracellular loading reverted the protective effect of IGF-1 on growth factor deprivation-induced cell death. Finally, the inhibition of IGF-1R/PDK1 interaction and signaling by FITC-C43 was accompanied by 2-fold enhanced killing capacity of cetuximab in human GEO colon adenocarcinoma cells and was sufficient to restore cell death in cetuximab-resistant cell clones. Thus, disruption of PDK1 interaction with IGF-1R reduces IGF-1 survival effects in cancer cells and may enhance cell death by anticancer agents.     

牛初乳IGF-1的研究进展

牛初乳IGF-1是从牛初乳中提取制备的单链多肽蛋白质.氨基酸序列与其他物种同源性很高,其中与人类的IGF-1完全一致.在制备牛初乳IGF-1方面上,国内外的传统方法都是通过制备型色谱柱小剂量制备;而检测方面,国外早期是通过放射性免疫法(HAI)来测定,近几年也发展了一些新的技术,国内则大多数利用电泳、HPLC和Western blot.IGF-1具有促进细胞生长、增强机体免疫机制、促进骨骼生长、维持神经系统、调节心脏机能等功效,巳被广泛用于临床、生物学作用等研究领域.牛初乳IGF-1的大量制备具有相当广阔的前景,为牛初乳功能性食品的研制与开发带来新的方向.     

鱼类胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ及其结合蛋白研究进展

鱼类胰岛素样生长因子—I(IGF—I)是一种70个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,分子量约7500D,是胰岛素样生长因子系统的重要成员,与胰岛素高度同源。本文综述了鱼类IGF—I的结构、作用模式及其IGFBPs的研究进展。     

Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 Enhances Functions of Antigen (Ag)-specific Regulatory B Cells

Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are important in immune regulation. The factors that regulate Breg functions are less clear. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is capable of inducing hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the role of IGF2 in the development of Bregs and the enhancement of their function. In this study, the expression of IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) and IGF2R in ovalbumin (OVA)-specific B cells (OVAsBCs) was assessed by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. The release of interleukin (IL)-10 from OVAsBCs and OVAsBC proliferation were assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay and proliferation assay. The role of IGF2 in enhancing the function of OVAsBCs was tested with an intestinal allergic inflammation mouse model. The results showed that OVAsBCs expressed high levels of IGF2R. Exposure to both IGF2 and a specific antigen (Ag), OVA, markedly enhanced the expression of IL-10 in OVAsBCs as well as enhanced the IL-10⁺ OVAsBC proliferation. The concurrent exposure to IGF2 and specific Ag markedly induced the IL-10 promoter DNA demethylation via activating the STAT5 pathway. IGF2 also enhanced both the OVAsBC proliferation in vivo and the effect of Ag-specific immunotherapy on inhibiting allergic inflammation in the intestine. We conclude that OVAsBCs express high levels of IGF2R and that IGF2 increases the expression of IL-10 in OVAsBCs and enhances OVAsBC proliferation and the inhibitory effect on allergic inflammation.     

Serine Phosphorylation of the Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-1) Receptor C-terminal Tail Restrains Kinase Activity and Cell Growth

Insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-1R) signaling is essential for cell, organ, and animal growth. The C-terminal tail of the IGF-1R exhibits regulatory function, but the mechanism is unknown. Here, we show that mutation of Ser-1248 (S1248A) enhances IGF-1R in vitro kinase activity, autophosphorylation, Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin activity, and cell growth. Ser-1248 phosphorylation is mediated by GSK-3β in a mechanism that involves a priming phosphorylation on Ser-1252. GSK-3β knock-out cells exhibit reduced IGF-1R cell surface expression, enhanced IGF-1R kinase activity, and signaling. Examination of crystallographic structures of the IGF-1R kinase domain revealed that the (1248)SFYYS(1252) motif adopts a conformation tightly packed against the kinase C-lobe when Ser-1248 is in the unphosphorylated state that favors kinase activity. S1248A mutation is predicted to lock the motif in this position. In contrast, phosphorylation of Ser-1248 will drive profound structural transition of the sequence, critically affecting connection of the C terminus as well as exposing potential protein docking sites. Decreased kinase activity of a phosphomimetic S1248E mutant and enhanced kinase activity in mutants of its predicted target residue Lys-1081 support this auto-inhibitory model. Thus, the SFYYS motif controls the organization of the IGF-1R C terminus relative to the kinase domain. Its phosphorylation by GSK-3β restrains kinase activity and regulates receptor trafficking and signaling.     

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) in immunity and inflammation

In recent years many efforts have been undertaken to elucidate the complex interactions between mediators of the endocrine system and the immune system. The main effector of growth hormone (GH) is insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), an endocrine mediator of growth and development under physiological conditions. Besides this important function, IGF-1 also plays a prominent role in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. This article will address the involvement of IGF-1 in innate as well as acquired immunity and host-defense. We also discuss the role of IGF-1 in the course of inflammatory disorders, including sepsis and sepsis-induced catabolism as well as degenerative arthritis. Based on recent insights, we finally examine the pathophysiological background, potential pitfalls and perspectives of IGF-1 suppletion therapy in these conditions.