干扰生境下黑叶猴(Trachypithecus francoisi francoisi)日活动时间的分配

1999年至2000年,采用瞬间采样法对贵州省麻阳河国家级自然保护区干扰生境中的野生成年黑叶猴的日活动规律进行了研究。结果表明：干扰生境中野生成年黑叶猴在全年的行为时间分配中表现为休息和摄食所占比例最多,分别为35．41％和31．67％;其次是游走、拥坐和嬉戏,分别为14．44％、9．61％和8．54％;仅将很少时间用于理毛行为,为0．33％。与未干扰生境相比,干扰生境下黑叶猴全年中除用于休息的时间下降外,用于其余活动类型的时间均有所提高。研究还表明野生成年黑叶猴的活动规律在不同季节存在一定差异性。休息和摄食行为在各季节日活动规律中都存在显著高峰期,但高峰期持续时间和强度不同。游走、嬉戏和拥坐行为在各季节的日活动规律所占比例均较低。理毛行为存在季节有或无的现象。     

黑叶猴(rachypithecus francoisi)

黑叶猴(rachypithecus francoisi)别名乌猿、乌叶猴,属灵长目猴科疣猴亚科,为亚洲特有的灵长目动物,主要产于我国.黑叶猴是我国国家一级重点保护动物,中国濒危动物红皮书将其列为濒危()级保护动物.本种主要分布于我国南部和越南、老挝等局部地区.在我国,主要分布于广西西南部、西部(大新、崇左、龙州、扶绥、宁明、隆安、天等、靖西、那坡、德保等地)贵州东北和西南部(桐梓、正安、绥阳、沿河、兴义、水城、务川、道真、册亨等地)以及云南南部局部地区;重庆南川、彭水等地.总数约6 000～7 000只.     

应用染色体涂染法建立人和黑叶猴(Semnopithecus francoisi)的染色体同源性

应用荧光原位杂交技术中的染色体涂染法（Chromosomepainting）,以生物素标记的除Y染色体外的人全部整条染色体DNA特异性探针与黑叶猴的中期分裂相杂交,建立了人与黑叶猴之间的染色体同源性。除人的1、2、6、16和19号染色体特异探针分别与黑叶猴的2条非同源的染色体杂交外,其余人染色体特异探针均与黑叶猴的1条染色体杂交,其中有两对人染色体特异探针（14和15,21和22）分别杂交同一条黑叶猴染色体。在雌性黑叶猴的单倍染色体中,共检测到30个与人染色体具同源性的染色体和染色体片段。结果表明：黑叶猴的多数染色体与人染色体有高度同源性,仅有少数染色体发生了重排。将研究的结果与已报道的人染色体特异探针与其他灵长类的中期染色体杂交的结果进行比较,可以看出亚洲叶猴之间的相互关系较与非洲叶猴的更为密切。     

Exploring Local Perceptions of and Attitudes toward Endangered François’ Langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) in a Human-Modified Habitat

International Journal of Primatology - Understanding local community attitudes toward wildlife is critical for making context-sensitive conservation planning and management decisions that may...     

应用染色体涂染法建立人和黑叶猴（Semnopithecus francoisi）的染？…

应用荧光原位杂交技术中的染色体涂染法,以生物素标记的除Ｙ染色体外的人全部整务染色ＤＮＡ特异性探针与黑叶猴的中期分裂相杂交,建立了人与黑叶猴之间的染色体同源性。除人的１,２,６,１６和１９号染色体特异探针分别与黑叶猴的２条非同源的染色体杂交外,其余人染色体特异探针与黑叶猴的１条染色体杂交,其中有两对人染色体特异探针分别杂交同一条黑叶猴染色体。     

笼养灰叶猴(Trachypithecus phayrei)的夏季日活动时间分配

2003年7月至9月采用瞬时扫描采样法对昆明动物园内一群笼养灰叶猴的活动时间分配进行研究。结果表明：休息所占的时间比例为58．7％,明显高于其它行为变量。玩耍所占的比例与年龄呈显著负相关,年龄越大玩耍所占的比例越小。在理毛的活动时间分配中,雌性所占的比例明显高于雄性,理毛所占比例与年龄无明显相关性。灰叶猴的活动时间分配与同属的白头叶猴和黑叶猴存在很大的相似性,食性和种的遗传特征可能影响活动时间分配。     

白头叶猴(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)栖息地景观格局的时空变化

运用3S技术,以1973年MSS影像和1999年TM影像为主要数据源,研究了白头叶猴(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)栖息地26a间景观格局的变化特征,并探讨了景观格局的变化及其对白头叶猴的影响.结果表明:1973年至1999年间白头叶猴栖息地景观格局变化剧烈,九重山、咘遵和弄官山3片区域内景观斑块平均面积平均减少了34.89%,聚集度平均下降了12.23%;同时景观多样性指数平均增加了14.15%,景观形状指数平均增加了31.08%,边界密度平均增加了36.39%,破碎度指数平均增加了64.17%;林地景观类型面积平均减少了18.50%,而农田、居民点等人为景观面积则大幅增加.栖息地景观格局的剧烈变化和环境质量的降低,改变了白头叶猴原始的生存环境,将会对白头叶猴的生存产生严重的影响.     

干扰生境下黑叶猴（Trachypithecus francoisi francoisi）日活动时间的分配

1999年至2000年,采用瞬间采样法对贵州省麻阳河国家级自然保护区干扰生境中的野生成年黑叶猴的日活动规律进行了研究。结果表明：干扰生境中野生成年黑叶猴在全年的行为时间分配中表现为休息和摄食所占比例最多,分别为35.41%和31.67%;其次是游走、拥坐和嬉戏,分别为14.44%、9.61%和8.54%;仅将很少时间用于理毛行为,为0.33%。与未干扰生境相比,干扰生境下黑叶猴全年中除用于休息的时间下降外,用于其余活动类型的时间均有所提高。研究还表明野生成年黑叶猴的活动规律在不同季节存在一定差异性。休息和摄食行为在各季节日活动规律中都存在显著高峰期,但高峰期持续时间和强度不同。游走、嬉戏和拥坐行为在各季节的日活动规律所占比例均较低。理毛行为存在季节有或无的现象。     

黑叶猴

黑叶猴(Trachypithecus framcoisi)别名乌猿、乌叶猴,属灵长目猴科疣猴亚科,为亚洲特有的灵长目动物,主要产于我国。黑叶猴是我国国家一级重点保护动物,中国濒危动物红皮书将其列为濒危(E)级保护动物。本种主要分布于我国南部和越南、老挝等局部地区。在我国,主要分布于广西西南部、西部(大新、崇左、龙州、扶绥、宁明、隆安、     

Taxonomy and distribution of the françois' langur (Presbytis francoisi)

This paper discusses the taxonomy and distribution ofPresbytis francoisi. We are especially concerned with the classification of the white-headed langur.T'an (1957) suggested that the white-headed langur be classified as a separate species,Presbytis leucocephalus. We suggest that the white-headed langur is a subspecies ofPresbytis francoisi and should be referred to asP. francoisi leucocephalus. The distribution of the six subspecies of the françois' langur,P. f. delacouri, P. f. francoisi, P. f. hatinhensis, P. f. laotum, P. f. leucocephalus, andP. f. poliocephalus, is limited to southeastern Asia.     

应用荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术研究黑叶猴染色体易位

本文应用染色体荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,利用人9号和14号染色体特异探针,对深低温冻存和长期传代的黑叶猴细胞株染色体畸变进行了分析.确定在长期冻存和传代过程中,一些黑叶猴细胞在No.12和No.17染色体之间发生了易位,一条 No.17染色体发生断裂,断裂点在17q13,断裂片段17q13-17qter易位到一条 No.12染色体长臂末端,形成一条小的中着丝粒的和一条具较长长臂的衍生染色体即 der(17) 和 der(12).结果表明,荧光原位杂交技术用人染色体特异探针不仅能检测出人类染色体畸变,也能有效地检测灵长类动物染色体畸变.     

应用荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术研究 黑叶猴染色体易位

本文应用染色体荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术,利用人9号和14号染色体特异探针,对深低温冻存和长期传代的黑叶猴细胞株染色体畸变进行了分析。确定在长期冻存和传代过程中,一些黑叶猴细胞在No.12和No.17染色体之间发生了易位,一条 No.17染色体发生断裂,断裂点在17q13,断裂片段17q13-17qter易位到一条 No.12染色体长臂末端,形成一条小的中着丝粒的和一条具较长长臂的衍生染色体即 der(17) 和 der(12)。结果表明,荧光原位杂交技术用人染色体特异探针不仅能检测出人类染色体畸变,也能有效地检测灵长类动物染色体畸变。 Abstract　In this paper,the chromosome aberration of long-term cryopreserved and subcultured Francois' monkey (Semnopithecus francoisi) cell line(KCB 92008) was analyzed by fluoresence in situ hybridizaton (FISH) using human 9 and 14 chromosome DNA probes. After compared the hybridization pattern with the G-banding pattern on the same metaphase,a translocation between Nos.12 and 17 chromosomes was identified. In some Francois'monkey cells,one of chromosome No.17 was broken into two at the breakpoint 17q13,the segment(17q13-17qter) without centromere transfered to the long arm terminal of one chromosome No.12. Thus,two derivant chromosomes der(12) and der(17) were formed,the long arm of der(12) was longer than the normal partner,while the long arm of der(17) was shorter than the normal one. The result indicated that the technique of FISH using human whole chromosome probes was not only a powerful tool to detect human chromosome rearrangements,but also a usefulmethod to study the primate chromosome aberration.     

Positional Behavior of Delacour’s Langurs (Trachypithecus delacouri) in Northern Vietnam

Information on positional behavior can help elucidate relationships between a species’ morphology, behavior, and environment. Delacour’s langurs (Trachypithecus delacouri) are similar to other colobines in body mass and intermembral index, yet inhabit a limestone karst environment. From August 2007 to July 2008, we collected 372 h of positional behavior and substrate use data from 8 groups of Trachypithecus delacouri in Van Long Nature Reserve, Vietnam to address questions about how the distinct —and potentially dangerous— features of karst influence colobine positional behavior. Results show that Trachypithecus delacouri is predominantly quadrupedal (66%). However, they exhibit differences that set them apart from many other colobines. Nearly 80% of locomotor and postural behaviors were performed on rocks. Leaping was remarkably infrequent, representing only 6% of overall locomotion. They leapt 3 times more frequently on trees (13%) than on rocks (4%) and more frequently used trees as a landing substrate than rocks (38% vs. 23%), both significant differences. We argue that rock (and cliff) travel is altogether different from terrestrial and arboreal travel and propose using the term petrous to indicate the substrate and incorporate the implications of its precise sharpness and verticality that lead to the complexities and risk of locomotion on rock surfaces. Trachypithecus delacouri does not show specific adaptations for limestone karst. Instead they appear to be a behaviorally flexible species and, owing to the generalized locomotor capabilities that characterize cercopithecids, capable of locomoting through and living in the limestone rock environment to which they have relatively recently been restricted.     

食物可获得性对白头叶猴(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)食物季节性组成的影响

研究喀斯特石山栖息地食物可获得性对食物多样性和种类季节相似性的影响是动物对环境适应研究的重要组成部分。采用瞬时扫描取样法(instantaneous scanning sampling)对广西扶绥白头叶猴(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)的食物多样性和季节性种类进行了研究;同时,采用固定样线法监测各月份白头叶猴家域内食物可获得性。结果表明,白头叶猴年平均食物多样性指数(FDI)为4.02,各月份间FDI没有显著变化(P=0.89),FDI与栖息地中主要食物的嫩叶的可利用性指数(FAI)有明显的负相关关系(P0.05)。在全年取食的食物种类中,有8种食物在11个月份都被取食,其他种类则只在特定的月份被取食。各月份间食物种类的相似性在0.36(3—4月)和0.74(9—10月)之间变化,月份间FAI的相似度与月份间食物种类的相似度有明显的正相关关系(P0.05)。白头叶猴对栖息地中食物种类的利用方式是:每个月用几种相同食物种类,并且主要食物可获得性高时,则集中采食,先满足基本的能量需求,再取食其他种类作为补充,使食物种类多样化,以满足不同的营养需求。     

Anatomical and histological observations of the stomach of Françis' leaf monkeys (Presbytis francoisi)

The anatomical and histological structure of the stomach was examined in François' leaf monkeys (Presbytis francoisi). The stomachs consisted of three parts, the saccus, the tubus gastricus and pars pylorica, and had well-developed taeniae and many haustra. The cardiac gland region occupied the saccular forestomach and the anterior half of the tubus gastricus, while the fundic gland region occupied the posterior half of the tubus gastricus. The pyloric gland region occupied the entire pars pylorica. In the mucosa of the cardiac gland region, villus-like processes were observed. The mucosae of the cardiac and pyloric gland regions contained not only neutral mucins but also acid mucins.     

黑叶猴的饲养

本文报道黑叶猴在人工饲养条件下的笼舍设施,饲料、喂养方法;以重量法测定12头黑叶猴日粮组成和比例,确定成年雄性和雌性间每天食量差异极不显著,谷物饲料占总量的31.58—35.78％,哺乳期雌性比非哺乳期雌性食量平均递增14％;生活集小群,过冬采用小气候保温箱,有利于适应上海地区生话,达到第二代繁殖成功。     

黑叶猴的饲养

前言黑叶猴(Trachypithecus francoisi)俗名鸟猿,分布范围很窄,仅产于中国的广西南部和越南的北部。据知,曾饲养过黑叶猴的有上海、北京、天津、保定、郑州、抚顺等地动物园,不过还不普遍。有的动物园至今还未饲养过,就是饲养过的,一般在时间上都不超过一年就死亡。随着祖国社会主义建设事业的飞跃发展和文化科学事业的繁荣,全国各地都在不断的新建、扩建动物园和改善动物设备,原有的动物园都在陆续不断地增加     

Male–immature interactions seem to depend on group composition in white-headed langur (Trachypithecus leucocephalus)

In primates, male–immature interactions are always multifacetted. We studied male–immature interactions of white-headed langur during our long-term study in Nongguan White-Headed Langur Reserve, Guangxi, China. Male–immature interactions obviously differed between one-male groups and male–immature groups. In one-male groups, adult males behaved tolerantly or aggressively towards immatures and never carried out sociopositive behaviors. Sexual selection theory supports this phenomenon because males are predicted to bias to compete for more mating chances but not to invest in any single offspring. In male–immature groups, however, adult males carried out sociopositive behaviors and never behaved aggressively towards immatures. This is supported by kin selection theory because it will be beneficial for the males to increase the survival of the immatures if they are likely the fathers of them. Thus, we conclude that male–immature interactions differ between one-male groups and male–immature groups because the mating status of males are different between the two kinds of groups.